Divya A. Khandekar, Pharm.D., M.S., compares and contrasts the etiologies of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), discusses primary literature examining current treatment options for HFpEF and identifies the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of HFpEF. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Kyle A. Hess, Pharm.D., recognizes the clinical presentation of beta-lactam induced neurotoxicity, identifies risk factors associated with developing beta-lactam induced neurotoxicity and describes the relationship between drug levels of beta-lactams and development of neurotoxicity. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Nikitha Yagnala, Pharm.D., defines iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in critically ill patients, identifies risk factors for iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome and reviews the current evidence for management of iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Jo Ann Leal, Pharm.D., describes the epidemiology of stress ulcers and stress ulcer prophylaxis in select critically ill patients, evaluates the literature that examines the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving corticosteroids and the outcomes of stress ulcer prophylaxis in patients on dual antiplatelet therapy and analyzes the literature regarding the outcomes of stress ulcer prophylaxis in neurological conditions. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Kaylee A. Clark, Pharm.D., reviews the types of hypersensitivity reactions, discusses the pathophysiology and common features of different hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapeutic agents and describes appropriate prevention and management strategies for hypersensitivity reactions. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Molly A. McCord, Pharm.D., describes the mechanism of action of belatacept, recognizes the role of belatacept in immunosuppression therapy and identifies a patient in whom belatacept therapy may be considered. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Marissa Z. Powell, Pharm.D. (@MarissaP_PharmD), reviews the pathophysiology of nausea and vomiting, describes antiemetic agents and considerations for their use and discusses concern for QT prolongation with use of antiemetics. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Michaela E. Wermers, Pharm.D., describes the epidemiology and pathogenicity of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) species, outlines an evidence-based approach to determine the clinical significance of CoNS isolates and identifies empiric and definitive treatment regimens for pathogenic CoNS. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Sydney E. Schultz, PharmD identifies signs, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma, reviews pharmacology of medications used as primary treatment for multiple myeloma and discusses recent literature regarding four-drug regimens. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.

Cassandra J. Schmitt, PharmD (@cjschmitt2) Identifies the risk stratifications for submassive pulmonary embolism, discusses efficacy and safety outcomes for thrombolytics in submassive pulmonary embolism and selects the ideal candidate to receive thrombolysis for a submassive pulmonary embolism. 

For more pharmacy content, follow Mayo Clinic Pharmacy Residency Programs @MayoPharmRes or the host, Garrett E. Schramm, Pharm.D., @garrett_schramm on Twitter!

You can also connect with the Mayo Clinic’s School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.