This episode opens the laws of Borer (separating) on Shabbos with a foundational overview from the Mishnah Berurah. It explains why Borer is one of the most commonly misunderstood prohibitions and lays out the three core conditions that determine permissibility: taking the desired item from the undesired, doing so by hand (not with a utensil), and for immediate use within the meal. The shiur clarifies when biblical vs. rabbinic prohibitions apply, the role of utensils like strainers and sifters, and how “immediate” is defined. Practical cases are discussed, including separating vegetables, mixed foods, and produce with defects, doing Borer for others at the meal, and food prepared by a non-Jew. This episode sets the essential framework for understanding all later details of Borer.