In this episode of the FlightBridgeED Podcast, Dr. Mike Lauria is joined by Dr. Nick George, a retrieval and EMS physician currently practicing full-time in Darwin, Australia. Together, they break down the often-overwhelming topic of aortic emergencies in a way that’s brilliantly simple, practical, and immediately applicable for all providers—whether you’re in the ICU, on the flight line, or working your way up in emergency medicine.

Dr. George introduces a clean mental model—1 tube, 2 major problems, 3 causes—to guide listeners through the classification, diagnosis, and critical transport considerations for aortic dissections and aneurysms. From understanding penetrating ulcers to navigating hypertensive vs hypotensive presentations, this episode dives deep without drowning you in jargon.

We also explore the science behind anti-impulse therapy, challenge long-held dogmas about esmolol vs nicardipine, and reveal eye-opening findings from a two-decade analysis of over 1,000 aortic emergency transports. Whether you’re flying patients to tertiary care, working in rural EDs, or prepping for boards, this episode will sharpen your edge.

Available anywhere you listen to podcasts or at FlightBridgeED.com. While you’re there, explore our highly successful, award-winning courses trusted by critical care providers around the world.

Key Takeaways

• The aorta can be simplified into “1 tube, 2 problems (tearing or weakening), caused by 3 forces: pressure, pulsatility, and geometry.”
• Distinguishing between dissection and aneurysm—and whether it’s hypertensive or hypotensive—can guide safe transport decisions, even if you're not making the diagnosis.
• Dissections may present without pain in up to 30% of cases, underscoring the importance of clinical vigilance and recognizing subtle signs.
• Classic signs (pulse deficits, BP differentials) are often unreliable. Don’t dismiss vague or mismatched symptoms.
• Ultrasound, although not definitive, can provide useful data en route—especially in cases of hypotension or ambiguity.
• Anti-impulse therapy isn't as evidence-backed as we've been taught. Recent studies show nicardipine may be just as effective—and possibly safer—than esmolol.
• Transport crews must be empowered to advocate for patients when findings don’t line up with the presumed diagnosis.