A quick rundown of what gram staining is, how it works, and how it can be used to differentiate gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

An introduction to BUN and creatinine lab values that includes what they are, what they mean and how they change. In addition, you learn how BUN to creatinine ratio (BUN:Cr) can help in the determination of prerenal, intrarenal or postrenal disease.

A brief summary of the heart murmurs associated with left-sided valvular disease which includes mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation, mitral valve prolapse, aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation.

An introduction to heart sounds and the pathophysiology behind them! This episode serves as a foundation to understanding the heart murmurs that will be covered in future episodes.

A short review of the statistics, pathology and diagnosis of medulloblastoma.

A short overview of hypertension, related terminology and the process of evaluating patients.

An informative rundown of Staphylococcus aureus that includes its morphology, virulence factors, and some of the more prominent types of infections that it is causes.

This is the first of a two part series covering the pathogenic Clostridium species of bacteria. In this episode we will cover the causative agents of botulism and tetanus. Enjoy!

An introduction to the Medical Minded Podcast and a quick review of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus bacteria.