MedMaster by NURSING.com

Furosemide

Lasix

Edema, hypertension

Prevents reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys, increase excretion of water, sodium, chloride, magnesium, potassium

Diuretics

Loop diuretics

• Use caution with liver disease • May cause hypotension, dry mouth, excessive urination, dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, metabolic alkalosis • Hypokalemia may lead to increase risk of digoxin toxicity • Monitor renal panel • Use caution with other antihypertensives • Causes arthritic symptoms/do not administer with aminoglycosides due to ototoxicity

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds"

Fluticasone

Flovent, Flonase

prophylactic asthma treatment

locally acting anti-inflammatory

antiasthmatics, anti-inflammatory (steroid)

Corticosteroids, Inhalation

• use cautiously with untreated infections and suppressed immune function • may cause headache, insomnia, bronchospasm, nasal congestion, adrenal suppression • monitor patient's respiratory status • may lead to decreased bone density • instruct patients using corticosteroids and bronchodilators that they need to use bronchodilators first. • instruct patient to stop smoking

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds"

Fluoxetine

Prozac

Depressive disorder, OCD, bulimia, panic disorder, bipolar, anorexia, ADHD, DM neuropathy, obesity

Inhibits reuptake of serotonin allowing it to persist longer in the synaptic cleft

Antidepressant

SSRI

• Do not use while taking MAOIs • May cause suicidal thoughts, drowsiness, anxiety, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, palpitations • Monitor closely for serotonin syndrome • Concurrent use with certain medications may lead to QT prolongation • Monitor mood changes and assess for suicidal ideation • Monitor nutrition status • May cause elevated liver enzymes • Instruct pt to maintain good oral hygiene

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds"

Ferrous sulfate

Feosol

Prevention and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia

Iron is essential for hemoglobin, myoglobin and enzymes, it is transported to organs where it becomes part of iron stores

Antianemics

Iron supplements

• May cause seizures, hypotension, constipation, epigastric pain, diarrhea, skin staining, anaphylaxis • Assess nutritional status, bowel function • Monitor hemoglobin, hematocrit, iron levels • May cause elevated liver enzymes • Take on an empty stomach to increase absorption/vitamin c helps with absorption • Use z-track for IM injections

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds"

Fentanyl

Sublimaze

Supplement to general anesthesia, continuous IV infusion for purpose of analgesia

Binds to opiate receptors in CNS altering perception of pain, producing CNS depression

Opioid Analgesic

Opioid agonists

• Use caution with increased ICP, head trauma, adrenal insufficiency • Avoid use with MAOIs • May cause apnea, laryngospasm, decreased respirations, bradycardia, hypotension • Do not consume grapefruit while taking this medication • Monitor hemodynamics during administration • Assess patient pain scale frequently

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds"

Famotidine

Pepcid

Short term treatment of active ulcer, GERD, treatment of heartburn, indigestion, management of Zollinger Ellison syndrome, prevention of GI bleeding in critically ill patients, management of symptoms associated with overuse of NSAIDs

Blocks action of histamine located in gastric parietal cells, inhibits gastric acid secretion

Antiulcer agent

Histamine H2 antagonist

• May cause arrhythmias, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemias • Assess for abdominal pain and occult blood • Monitor CBC • Instruct pt to increase fluid and fiber intake to prevent constipation

Escitalopram

Lexapro

Major depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, PCD, PTSD, social phobia

Increases the extracellular levels of serotonin in the synaptic cleft by selectively inhibiting its reuptake

Antidepressant

SSRI

• Contraindicated with MAOI • May cause suicidal thoughts, insomnia, drowsiness, diarrhea, nausea, serotonin syndrome • May cause QT prolongation with certain medications • Assess for sexual dysfunction • May take 4-6 weeks for full affect to take place • Monitor for serotonin syndrome (mental changes, NV, tachycardia, hyperthermia)

Visit: https://nursing.com/140meds to request your free copy of "140 Must Know Meds"

Erythromycin

E-Mycin

Useful in place of penicillin when patient cannot take penicillin, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, otitis media, skin infections, pertussis, syphilis, rheumatic fever

Bacteriostatic: suppresses bacterial protein synthesis

Anti-infective

Macrolide

• Causes QT prolongation, ventricular arrhythmias • Diarrhea • Asses infection • Monitor liver function tests • Instruct patient to finish medication dosage even if they are feeling better • Medication should not be shared

Epoetin

Epogen

Anemia

Stimulates erythropoiesis (production of RBCs)

Antianemic

Hormones

• Assess dialysis shunts
• Contraindicated in albumin hypersensitivity
• May cause
  • Seizures
  • CHF
  • MI
  • CVA
  • Hypertension
• Do not shake vial
• Initiate seizure precautions
• Monitor
  • Bleeding times
  • Signs of anemia

Epinephrine

Adrenalin, EpiPen

Asthma and COPD exacerbations, allergic reactions, cardiac arrest, anesthesia adjunct

Affects both beta1 and beta2 also has alpha agonist properties resulting in bron- chodilation and increases in HR and BP. Inhibits hypersensitivity reactions.

Antiasthmatic, bronchodilator, vasopressor

Adrenergic agonist

• Side effects include: angina, tachycardia, hypertension, restlessness, nervousness, hyperglycemia • Use with MAOI may lead to hypertensive crisis • Patients should not use stimulants (caffeine, guarana, etc) • Excessive use may cause bronchospasm • Assess lung sounds, pulse, BP, and other hemodynamic parameters • Monitor for chest pain • Instruct patient to use as directed • Patient should insure adequate fluid intake to liquefy secretions • Mouth should be rinsed after inhalation • Beta blockers may negate effects • May increase blood glucose levels