Drs Marwah Abdalla and Vivek Bhalla discuss the screening, management, and future of primary aldosteronism — a common cause of secondary hypertension.

Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/1003186. The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.

Resources

Secondary Hypertension https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544305/

Primary Aldosteronism https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127080-overview

The Unrecognized Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism: A Cross-Sectional Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32449886/

2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ASPC/NMA/PCNA/SGIM Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40811516/

Expanding the Search for Primary Aldosteronism in Clinical Settings https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40811492/

Primary Hyperaldosteronism in Hypertension https://www.escardio.org/Councils/Council-for-Cardiology-Practice-(CCP)/Cardiopractice/primary-hyperaldosteronism-in-hypertension

Primary Aldosteronism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40658480/

Primary Aldosteronism and the Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists for the Heart and Kidneys https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36375469/

The Effect of Spironolactone on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Severe Heart Failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10471456/

Cardiometabolic Outcomes and Mortality in Medically Treated Primary Aldosteronism: A Retrospective Cohort Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29129576/

Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors for Cardiorenal Protection: Ready for Prime Time? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39557029/

Drs Marwah Abdalla and Lewis Blevins discuss Cushing Syndrome: Why it is frequently missed, how clinicians can screen for it, and how to manage it.

Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/1003185. The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.

Resources

Endogenous Cushing Syndrome https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2233083-overview

2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ASPC/NMA/PCNA/SGIM Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40811516/

Adrenal Hypercortisolism: A Closer Look at Screening, Diagnosis, and Important Considerations of Different Testing Modalities https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31069279/

Diagnostic Testing of Autonomous Cortisol Secretion in Adrenal Incidentalomas https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33032259/

Physiology, Renin Angiotensin System https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470410/

Dexamethasone Suppression Test https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542317/

A New Clinical Model to Estimate the Pre-Test Probability of Cushing's Syndrome: The Cushing Score https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34675882/

Late-night Salivary Cortisol and Cortisone Should Be the Initial Screening Test for Cushing's Syndrome https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35671282/

Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion: Pathophysiology, Comorbidities and Management Approaches https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38649778/

SUN-451 Adrenalectomy Improves Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion: Results of a RCT https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12543531/

Pheochromocytoma https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/124059-overview

Fleischner Society Guideline Recommendations for Incidentally Detected Pulmonary Nodules and the Probability of Lung Cancer https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36049538/

Approach to Patients With Pseudo-Cushing's States https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31846432/

Metabolic Syndrome https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459248/

Drs Marwah Abdalla and Sandra J. Taler discuss practical workups in a busy practice when you suspect Secondary Hypertension, including clues from history, exam, and labs.

Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/1003184. The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.

Resources

Secondary Hypertension https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544305/

Approach to the Diagnosis of Secondary Hypertension in Adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34728882/

Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Related Hypertension: A Review of the Literature and Clinical Management Strategy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39210083/

Primary Aldosteronism https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127080-overview

Pheochromocytoma https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/124059-overview

Herbal Products That May Contribute to Hypertension https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23271526/

The Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21646872/

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/289350-overview

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medications and Long-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37991787/

Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition-Induced Hypertension: The HYPAZ Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33775123/

Investigation of the Mechanism of Hypertension Caused by BTKi in the Treatment of Hematologic Diseases https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40453665/

Mallampati Score https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK585119/

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (MEN2) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/123447-overview

Evaluation and Management of Secondary Hypertension https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35227430/

Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension in CKD Patients: Where Do We Stand in 2024? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39583143/

Flash Pulmonary Edema: Pickering Syndrome Due to Bilateral Renal Artery Stenosis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35929077/