Educators can no longer ignore our country's history of Indigenous enslavement. Our students need a fuller understanding of the pivotal history of slavery to comprehend the present and develop a vision for our nation's future. In this mid-season recap, we highlight key lessons about this consequential part of American history—along with teaching strategies and resources—through the voices of leading scholars and educators featured so far.

And you can find a complete transcript on our website, along with resources to help you teach the hard history explored in this episode. Resources like these...

Resources and Readings

Guests

• Maureen Costello (Episode 1): Teaching Tolerance
• Eduardo Díaz (Episode 1): Smithsonian Latino Center
• Renée Gokey (Episode 1): National Museum of the American Indian
• Christina Snyder (Episodes 2 and 3): McCabe Greer Professor of History, Penn State University
• Debbie Reese (Episode 6): American Indians in Children's Literature
• Andrés Reséndez (Episodes 7 and 8): The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America

References:

• Teaching Tolerance: Frameworks, Teaching Hard History
• Teaching Tolerance: Lesson, Rethinking Discovery
• Christina Snyder, Slavery in Indian Country: The Changing Face of Captivity in Early America
• Christina Snyder, Great Crossings; Indians, Settlers, and Slaves in the Age of Jackson
• Teaching Hard History, Summary Objective 2 (Colonial enslavement of Indigenous people)
• Andrés Reséndez, A Land So Strange: The Epic Journey of Cabeza de Vaca
• Spain, Requerimiento: The Spanish Requirement of 1513
• Teaching Tolerance, Teaching Thanksgiving in a Socially Responsible Way
• The New York Times, Everything You Learned About Thanksgiving Is Wrong
• Teaching Tolerance, Emancipation Proclamation
• Teaching Hard History, Summary Objective 16 (Lincoln and the Dakota 38)
• The New York Times, Lincoln and the Sioux
• Spanish forced labor, Encomienda
• Spanish forced labor, Repartimiento
• Southern United States, Convict leasing
• PBS: Slavery by Another Name, Slavery v. Peonage