讲完"风湿性关节炎" rheumatoid arthritis 的基本定义后，这期我们就来细数RA的临床症状吧！

Rheumatoid arthritis has an insidious onset of weeks to months.

Insidious 这个单词很有意思，在医学语境中指"不知不觉就恶化的"，与 gradual onset 相近。但在日常用语中，则是形容某人"阴险狡诈"，属于贬义词。

Rheumatoid arthritis usually affects the same joints on both sides of the body. The joints symptoms include pain, stiffness, redness, warmth to the touch and joint swelling.

上文中的第一句话也可以缩略成 symmetrical joint involvement 以表示RA大多影响对称关节。

第二句中的 pain, redness, warmth and swelling 并称为 core features of inflammation。

The joint stiffness is most bothersome in the morning and can persist for more than an hour.

这句话所描述的就是风湿性关节炎最有特征的"晨僵" morning stiffness 了。

Bothersome 指"麻烦的"，例如 Is something bothering you? &q...