Knowledge in Logic - Mohammad Albaaj العلم في المنطق - محمد البعاج
We said: God Almighty created man with an instinctive mind, ready to acquire knowledge, with what he was given of the rational and thinking power that distinguishes him from the foreign women. There is nothing wrong with explaining the locus of this distinction from the divisions of science that we are looking for, as an introduction to the definition of science and to clarifying the relationship of logic to it, so we say:
- If a person is born, he is born empty-handed of every thought and actual knowledge, except for this innate predisposition. If he grows up and becomes looking, hearing, tasting, smelling, and touching, we see him feel what is around him and he is appropriately affected by them, so he reacts to them, so we know that his empty soul has become occupied with a new state we call (knowledge), which is sensory knowledge which is nothing but the soul’s sense of things that are The five senses attain it: (the sight, the hearing, the mole, the taste, the touch). This is the first degree of knowledge.
What is being sought here is the science expressed in the philosophers' language as “the knowledge obtained.” As for “existential knowledge” - such as the knowledge of psychology by itself, its self-existing attributes, its actions, rulings, and psychological hadiths, and as God Almighty’s knowledge of himself and his creatures - the following researches are not included in it in the book, because it is not attained to the world by the appearance of the image of the known in itself, but rather by the presence of the same known existence with its external, concrete existence to the world. For one of us finds from himself that he knows himself and its affairs and realizes them with full awareness, but not by discussing their forms. Rather, the existing thing is always present for its own sake by the same existence, and likewise, the creatures are present to their Creator with the same existence. So the difference between getting and attending
The attainment is the presence of the image of the known to the world
And my presence is the presence of the same known to the world.
2- What is known by acquiring knowledge is its scientific existence other than its concrete existence
It is known that the presence of knowledge and his scientific existence are the same as his physical presence.
3- It is the acquisition that is divided into perception and belief
And attendance is not divided into perception and ratification.
The capital for all the sciences acquired by man and all animals has all or some of these senses shared with him.
