Dr. Nicholas Vrooman sheds light on the little-known Nehiyaw Pwat/Iron Alliance in Montana. A familial, social, economic, political, and military formation comprised primarily of the Cree, Assiniboine, Ojibwa, and Michif (Métis) peoples, this aboriginal society matched step for step and head to toe the development and expansion of Euro-American society west of the Mississippi drainage to the Columbia Plateau during the nineteenth century.