Still, Planet Earth shows clear similarities to The Big Apple -- for example, the use of electronic sounds. “The recorded city sounds in The Big Apple were a sort of heralds of the electronics that I use in the third, continuing the attainments of the second symphony rather than those of the first symphony. I use the extra-musical framework not so much programmatically but rather as a guideline, as a metaphor. When I think of motifs and fragments, I immediately know if they fit the framework or not. If they don’t, I save them for another piece.”