A very quick overview of the exciting news that happened on October 21, 2021 where a successful xenotransplantation was achieved. And that day there is the completion of 2 1/2 days where a pig kidney was transplanted to a human body without evidence of hyperacute rejection and normalization of the patient’s serum creatinine.

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Just a very brief overview of the latest NEJM article discussing the joint efforts between the ASN and the NKF and recommending new GFR equations that eliminated race and focusing on pure biological determinates. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2102953

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The first part of a 3 part series on the physiology and approach to Hyponatremia. This is a difficult topic to understand and I spend time going over basics and I tie in how physiology can be used to diagnose and treat any presentation.

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This episode is sponsored by

· Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/andrew-kowalski/support

The third part of a 3 part series on the physiology and approach to Hyponatremia. This is a difficult topic to understand and I spend time going over basics and I tie in how physiology can be used to diagnose and treat any presentation.

---

This episode is sponsored by

· Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/andrew-kowalski/support

The second part of a 3 part series on the physiology and approach to Hyponatremia. This is a difficult topic to understand and I spend time going over basics and I tie in how physiology can be used to diagnose and treat any presentation.

---

This episode is sponsored by

· Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/andrew-kowalski/support

A quick plug to a new course designed to help prepare anyone (AMG or IMG) for letters of recommendation, CV, Interviews and how applicants are ranked. I have been on both sides of the fence and will share some insights to set you up to be the best prepared applicant that you can be.

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Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/andrew-kowalski/support

A quick overview of renal autoregulation trying to make sense out of three complex mechanisms.

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This episode is sponsored by

· Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/andrew-kowalski/support

A brief overview of gross anatomy of the kidney, circulation and a little bit of filtration. This is to set up the foundation of what we’re gonna talk about moving forward an additional podcasts.

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This episode is sponsored by

· Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/andrew-kowalski/support

This podcast offers an overview of renal structure, circulation and function. This is a great foundation for nephrology and once mastered can pave the way for learning other Pathology’s with ease.

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A brief description of the concentration gradient of the loop of Henle. This concept is difficult to master but once mastered can easily explain and allow the student to grants key concepts in the field of nephrology.

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This episode is sponsored by

· Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/andrew-kowalski/support