In this episode, Professor Ginosar reminds us that reports in obstetric anesthesia have historically tended to infer causality rather than casual associations. His witty study is an excellent example of approaching fundamental questions. Through a reductio ad absurdum design, he demonstrates the pitfalls of making inferences like epidurals increasing the incidence of cesarean deliveries, autism, or other outcomes associated with intense labor pain and neuraxial labor analgesia.