Oncotarget

Oncotarget published "Carcinoma cells that have undergone an epithelial-mesenchymal transition differentiate into endothelial cells and contribute to tumor growth" which reported that the authors investigated whether EMT can confer endothelial attributes upon carcinoma cells, augmenting tumor growth and vascularization.

Hypoxic regions, demarcated by HIF-1α staining, exhibited focal areas of E-cadherin loss and elevated levels of vimentin and the EMT-mediator FOXC2. Implantation of MCF-7 cells, co-mixed with human mammary epithelial cells overexpressing the EMT-inducer Snail, markedly potentiated tumor growth and vascularization, compared with MCF-7 cells injected alone or co-mixed with HMLE-vector cells.

Intra-tumoral vessels contained CD31-positive cells derived from either donor cell type.

FOXC2 knockdown abrogated the potentiating effects of HMLE-Snail cells on MCF-7 tumor growth and vascularization, and compromised endothelial transdifferentiation of mesenchymal cells cultured in endothelial growth medium.

Hence, cells that have undergone EMT can promote tumor growth and neovascularization either indirectly, by promoting endothelial transdifferentiation of carcinoma cells, or directly, by acquiring an endothelial phenotype, with FOXC2 playing key roles in these processes.

A fourth mechanism—termed vasculogenic mimicry—entails the de novo generation of microvessels, lined with highly invasive tumor cells embedded in a rich extracellular matrix, essentially mimicking a true vascular endothelium and, notably, lacking in the endothelial cell markers CD31 and CD34.

Finally, newly formed blood vessels may emerge through transdifferentiation of neoplastic or tumor stem-like cells into CD31-positive endothelial-like cells, as has been documented in neuroblastoma, B-cell lymphoma, and glioblastoma.

In addition, subcutaneous injection of B16 melanoma cells into Foxc2 haploinsufficient mice has been shown to lead to the impaired formation of tumor blood vessels and, accordingly, compromise tumor growth.

Given the inherent plasticity of cells that have undergone EMT and the involvement of hypoxia in EMT and angiogenesis, the authors sought to ascertain whether cells, undergoing EMT in the hypoxic milieu, can acquire endothelial cell attributes and augment tumor growth by directly contributing to the tumor vasculature.

These findings findings link the stemness, conferred through EMT, to the acquisition of endothelial cell traits and the augmentation of tumor angiogenesis in a FOXC2-dependent manner.

The Sarkar Research Team concluded in their Oncotarget Research Output that their findings are consistent with the notion that the phenotypic attributes of cells within growing tumors are eminently pliable and that, as tumor size and the oxygen deficit increase, carcinoma cells become progressively dedifferentiated towards a mesenchymal, stem-like phenotype.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27940

Oncotarget published "Carcinoma cells that have undergone an epithelial-mesenchymal transition differentiate into endothelial cells and contribute to tumor growth" which reported that the authors investigated whether EMT can confer endothelial attributes upon carcinoma cells, augmenting tumor growth and vascularization.

Hypoxic regions, demarcated by HIF-1α staining, exhibited focal areas of E-cadherin loss and elevated levels of vimentin and the EMT-mediator FOXC2. Implantation of MCF-7 cells, co-mixed with human mammary epithelial cells overexpressing the EMT-inducer Snail, markedly potentiated tumor growth and vascularization, compared with MCF-7 cells injected alone or co-mixed with HMLE-vector cells.

Intra-tumoral vessels contained CD31-positive cells derived from either donor cell type.

FOXC2 knockdown abrogated the potentiating effects of HMLE-Snail cells on MCF-7 tumor growth and vascularization, and compromised endothelial transdifferentiation of mesenchymal cells cultured in endothelial growth medium.

Hence, cells that have undergone EMT can promote tumor growth and neovascularization either indirectly, by promoting endothelial transdifferentiation of carcinoma cells, or directly, by acquiring an endothelial phenotype, with FOXC2 playing key roles in these processes.

A fourth mechanism—termed vasculogenic mimicry—entails the de novo generation of microvessels, lined with highly invasive tumor cells embedded in a rich extracellular matrix, essentially mimicking a true vascular endothelium and, notably, lacking in the endothelial cell markers CD31 and CD34.

Finally, newly formed blood vessels may emerge through transdifferentiation of neoplastic or tumor stem-like cells into CD31-positive endothelial-like cells, as has been documented in neuroblastoma, B-cell lymphoma, and glioblastoma.

In addition, subcutaneous injection of B16 melanoma cells into Foxc2 haploinsufficient mice has been shown to lead to the impaired formation of tumor blood vessels and, accordingly, compromise tumor growth.

Given the inherent plasticity of cells that have undergone EMT and the involvement of hypoxia in EMT and angiogenesis, the authors sought to ascertain whether cells, undergoing EMT in the hypoxic milieu, can acquire endothelial cell attributes and augment tumor growth by directly contributing to the tumor vasculature.

These findings findings link the stemness, conferred through EMT, to the acquisition of endothelial cell traits and the augmentation of tumor angiogenesis in a FOXC2-dependent manner.

The Sarkar Research Team concluded in their Oncotarget Research Output that their findings are consistent with the notion that the phenotypic attributes of cells within growing tumors are eminently pliable and that, as tumor size and the oxygen deficit increase, carcinoma cells become progressively dedifferentiated towards a mesenchymal, stem-like phenotype.

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27940

Lantern Pharma (a pharmaceutical company developing targeted cancer therapies) created a new drug candidate and next generation member of the acylfulvene class of prodrugs, named LP-184. Researchers from Lantern Pharma and REPROCELL (a commercial contract research organization) conducted a study to test the anti-tumor activity of this preclinical compound in a variety of NSCLC cell lines. In 2021, Oncotarget published the research paper the team authored, entitled, “The acylfulvene alkylating agent, LP-184, retains nanomolar potency in non-small cell lung cancer carrying otherwise therapy-refractory mutations.”

Despite its highly-synthetic sounding name, LP-184’s lead product (Illudins) is derived from, you guessed it, Jack-o-Lantern mushrooms.

“Acylfulvenes have been derived from cytotoxic agents called Illudins, isolated from Jack-o-Lantern mushroom (Omphalotus illudens), that retain and improve the cytotoxicity of parent Illudins for use as anticancer agents.”

The anti-tumor activity of this compound is based on activation through reductive mechanisms when metabolized, mediated by enzymes such as Prostaglandin Reductase 1 (PTGR1). PTGR1 is known to be upregulated in some tumors, including tumors with mutations in the gene KEAP1. Researchers investigated LP-184 sensitivity in NSCLC cell lines with individual or combined gene mutations in KEAP1, KRAS, TP53, and STK11.

“There is a high unmet need for effective therapies for NSCLC harboring mutations in these genes that have not only been considered undruggable till date but also are associated with loss of efficacy or resistance to multiple therapeutic strategies, at least in frontline regimens.”

LP-184 was tested in vitro in 19 primary and metastatic NSCLC cell lines to determine the range of NSCLC settings that this compound might work best in. Clinical data analyses were also conducted by the researchers to predict tumor responsiveness to LP-184. In addition, the compound was examined in two mouse models of primary lung cancer. Mouse models were tested for sensitivity to LP-184 in both two- and three-dimensional culture systems.

“We sought to assess LP-184 activity in a panel of selected NSCLC adenocarcinoma cell lines, determine associations between genomic and transcriptomic profiles and responses of cell lines tested, and compare in vitro potency of LP-184 with that of approved chemotherapy agents.”

Full blog - https://www.impactjournals.com/journals/blog/oncotarget/trending-with-impact-promising-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-prodrug/

Press release - https://www.oncotarget.com/news/pr/retaining-nanomolar-potency-in-lung-cancer-with-therapy-refractory-mutations/

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27943

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27943/text/

Correspondence to - Aditya Kulkarni - [email protected]

Keywords - non-small cell lung cancer, acylfulvene, alkylating agent, PTGR1, LP-184

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

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In 2019, a study published in Oncotarget showed a C. elegans cancer screening test could detect pancreatic tumors in mice. In 2021, a team of researchers from Osaka University and Hirotsu Bio Science Inc. sought to employ this clinical tactic in the context of early pancreatic cancer detection in humans. Their paper was published as the cover of Oncotarget’s Volume 12, Issue, 17, and entitled, “Scent test using Caenorhabditis elegans to screen for early-stage pancreatic cancer.”

“Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest diseases, with a five-year survival rate of 9%.”

In this study, 83 pancreatic cancer patients from clinics in Japan participated in an open-label pilot study. Participant age, sex, pathological progression, CA19-9 values, CEA values, and urine samples were collected. All data were entered into statistical analysis. Multiple concentrations and pre- and post-surgery urine were tested using the C. elegans scent test. The researchers used a well-established olfaction analysis method and simple system for observing chemotaxis called N-NOSE (Nematode-NOSE).

The assayers placed the urine in two spots on one end of the assay plates and added sodium azide in two spots on both sides. The nematodes were placed in the center of the plates and observed for 30 minutes. The engaging behavior of C. elegans toward “favorite” smells suggested a positive chemotaxis index. The samples were assayed and analyzed to assess for the presence of positive peaks in average chemotaxis indices. They found that the C. elegans gravitated toward cancer-associated scents and that this chemotaxis index could be a sensitive marker to detect early-stage pancreatic cancer.

“Given the success of the scent test in determining the presence of pancreatic cancer in patients with PDAC who showed various progressions before and after surgery, a blinded study was conducted to determine the ability of the scent test to distinguish between patients with early-stage PDAC and healthy volunteers […]”

Full blog - https://www.oncotarget.org/2021/08/18/new-study-how-worms-can-detect-early-pancreatic-cancer/

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28035

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/28035/text/

Correspondence to - Hideshi Ishii - [email protected]

Keywords - Caenorhabditis elegans, early-stage pancreatic cancer, scent test, biomarker, diagnosis

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

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Listen to the latest oncology-focused research published in this week’s issue of Oncotarget, Volume 12, Issue 17.

https://www.oncotarget.com/archive/v12/i17/

Research Paper (Cover) - “Scent test using Caenorhabditis elegans to screen for early-stage pancreatic cancer”

https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28035

Research Paper - “The role of circulating miRNAs and CA19-9 in pancreatic cancer diagnosis”

https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28038

Research Paper - “Diverse transcriptional regulation and functional effects revealed by CRISPR/Cas9-directed epigenetic editing”

https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28037

Research Paper - “The protective role of Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) inhibition in acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28041

Research Paper - “Quantitative difference of oral pathogen between individuals with gastric cancer and individuals without cancer” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28034

Research Paper - “Exosomal and non-exosomal miRNA expression levels in patients with HCV-related cirrhosis and liver cancer” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28036

Review- “Role of microRNAs in glioblastoma” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28039

Editorial - “Mantle cell lymphoma patients in first relapse: we pretty much know what to do” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27980 (PDF Download)

Editorial - “UBE2T: A new molecular regulator of cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28033 (PDF Download)

Research Perspective - “Hypofractionation: less is more?” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28023

Keywords - Caenorhabditis elegans, pancreatic cancer, microRNA, biomarkers, DNA methylation, acute lung injury (ALI), periodontal disease, gastric cancer, miRNA, liver cancer, glioblastoma, cancer, science, research, oncology

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

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Oncotarget published this trending research perspective on June 22, 2021, entitled, "Association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and odds of breast cancer by molecular subtype: analysis of the MEND study" by researchers from Duke University, Durham, NC; University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria; Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria; University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Federal Medical Center, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria; UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC; Our Lady of Apostle Catholic Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL; University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.

In this study, 555 Nigerian participants were assembled—of which 296 were confirmed breast cancer cases, and 259 were controls. The researchers collected clinical and reproductive characteristics of each participant, including the controls. In their first analysis, the researchers observed that newly diagnosed cases of Nigerian breast cancer were significantly more likely to have high levels of highly-sensitive CRP (hsCRP) compared to the controls. After adjusting for socio-demographic, clinical, and reproductive variables, the team still observed significant statistical significance for high levels of hsCRP associated with Nigerian BC. The findings from this cohort study also showed that high hsCRP was associated with a four-fold increased odds of BC.

“We also provide novel evidence of associations between hsCRP and BC molecular subtypes, with significant associations observed for luminal A, TN, and HER-enriched subtypes.”

Full blog - https://www.oncotarget.org/2021/08/12/trending-with-impact-analysis-of-breast-cancer-in-nigerian-women/

Press release - https://www.oncotarget.com/news/pr/oncotarget-odds-of-breast-cancer-by-molecular-subtype-analysis-of-the-mend-study/

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27991

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27991/text/

Correspondence to - Tomi Akinyemiju - [email protected]

Keywords - C-reactive protein, breast cancer, Nigeria, molecular subtype, menopausal status

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

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Oncotarget published "The acylfulvene alkylating agent, LP-184, retains nanomolar potency in non-small cell lung cancer carrying otherwise therapy-refractory mutations" which reported that KEAP1 mutant NSCLCs further activate NRF2 and upregulate its client PTGR1. LP-184, a novel alkylating agent belonging to the acylfulvene class is a prodrug dependent upon PTGR1.

The authors hypothesized that NSCLC with KEAP1 mutations would continue to remain sensitive to LP-184. LP-184 demonstrated highly potent anticancer activity both in primary NSCLC cell lines and in those originating from brain metastases of primary lung cancers.

LP-184 activity correlated with PTGR1 transcript levels but was independent of mutations in key oncogenes and tumor suppressors.

Correlative analyses of sensitivity with cell line gene expression patterns indicated that alterations in NRF2, MET, EGFR and BRAF consistently modulated LP-184 sensitivity.

These correlations were then extended to TCGA analysis of 517 lung adenocarcinoma patients, out of which 35% showed elevated PTGR1, and 40% of those further displayed statistically significant co-occurrence of KEAP1 mutations.

The gene correlates of LP-184 sensitivity allow additional personalization of therapeutic options for future treatment of NSCLC.

Dr. Aditya Kulkarni from The Lantern Pharma, Inc. said, "KEAP1, KRAS, TP53 and STK11/LKB1 are among the commonly altered genes with considerable clinical prevalence in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC)."

The authors profiled primary and metastatic in vitro models of NSCLC for their sensitivity to LP-184 as well as standard of care agents, evaluated gene correlates of LP-184 response, and obtained evidence on in vivo anti-tumor effect of LP-184.

Mutated KEAP1 and concomitant decreased KEAP1 activity in cancer cells induces greater nuclear accumulation of NRF2, causing enhanced transcriptional induction of antioxidants, xenobiotic metabolism enzymes, and drug efflux pumps, thereby rendering KEAP1 mutations predictive of chemotherapy resistance in NSCLC patients.

The identification of a trend toward detrimental overall survival among a subset of platinum-treated NSCLC patients harboring co-occurring KRAS and STK11 mutations could label a more aggressive molecular subtype of NSCLC.

They therefore investigated LP-184 sensitivity in NSCLC cell lines harboring individual or concomitant mutations in KEAP1, KRAS, TP53 and STK11.

They sought to assess LP-184 activity in a panel of selected NSCLC adenocarcinoma cell lines, determine associations between genomic and transcriptomic profiles and responses of cell lines tested, and compare in vitro potency of LP-184 with that of approved chemotherapy agents.

The Kulkarni Research Team concluded in their Oncotarget Research Output, "Our key findings demonstrate that the alkylating agent LP-184 has nanomolar potency in several NSCLC cell lines and is more potent than selected approved alkylating chemotherapeutics. Additionally, LP-184 has the potential to target tumors with elevated PTGR1 regardless of presence of other co-occurring mutations but is especially found to be effective in the background of clinically significant KEAP1 mutations. We propose further evaluation of LP-184 in multiple PTGR1 high NSCLC settings that may not necessarily be mutually exclusive, including in highly prevalent KEAP1 and KRAS mutant tumors (Figure 6), and in patients with lack of actionable targets or resistance-related genes with no effective therapy options available."

DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27943

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/27943/text/

Correspondence to - Aditya Kulkarni - [email protected]

Keywords - non-small cell lung cancer, acylfulvene, alkylating agent, PTGR1, LP-184

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

Oncotarget’s cover paper this week (Volume 12, Issue 16) is entitled, "Epigenetic signatures differentiate uterine and soft tissue leiomyosarcoma," by researchers from Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

“In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis and compared the DNA methylation and RNA expression profiles of ULMS and STLMS samples from the TCGA-SARC study.”

First, the team identified two LMS subtypes based on their site of origin: uterine LMS (ULMS) and non-uterine soft tissue LMS (STLMS). Next, they compared their molecular landscapes using The Cancer Genome Atlas-Sarcoma (TCGA-SARC) dataset and comprehensively analyzed 27 ULMS and 53 STLMS samples. Researchers assessed for epigenetic and transcriptomic differences between ULMS and STLMS. They hoped these differences would help identify differentially methylated genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these LMS subtypes. Findings from the TCGA-SARC dataset were then compared to two independent DNA methylation datasets, GSE140686 and GSE68312.

“In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of 98 clinically derived LMS samples and 11 controls using three publicly available datasets to identify epigenetic changes which characterize LMS subtypes and may be used as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets.”

Datasets were then used in comparative DNA methylation analysis to compare controls with the identified epigenetic changes associated with tumorigenesis. Network and pathway analysis were performed to further characterize the differential transcription signatures between ULMS and STLMS.

Full blog - https://www.oncotarget.org/2021/08/04/epigenetic-signatures-differentiate-leiomyosarcoma-subtypes/

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DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28032

Full text - https://www.oncotarget.com/article/28032/text/

Correspondence to - Nita Ahuja - [email protected]

Keywords - leiomyosarcoma, epigenetics, DNA methylation, gene expression, uterine leiomyosarcoma

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

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Listen to the latest oncology-focused research published in this week’s issue of Oncotarget, Volume 12, Issue 16.

https://www.oncotarget.com/archive/v12/i16/

Cover Paper - “Epigenetic signatures differentiate uterine and soft tissue leiomyosarcoma”

https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28032

Research Paper - “High CD39 expression is associated with the non-muscle-invasive phenotype of human bladder cancer” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28029

Research Paper - “MiR-7-5p inhibits thyroid cell proliferation by targeting the EGFR/MAPK and IRS2/PI3K signaling pathways”

https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28030

Review - “Genetic testing for homologous recombination repair (HRR) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): challenges and solutions” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28015

Review - “Interactions of multidomain pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins in cancer cell death” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.28031

Editorial - “Mechanisms of resistance to mitochondria-targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.7976 (PDF Download)

Editorial - “Glucose starvation induces NADPH collapse and disulfide stress in SLC7A11high cancer cells” https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27993 (PDF Download)

Editorial - “Tumor-reactive T cells are licensed by dendritic cells located in spatially different tissues: implications for dendritic cell vaccines”

https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27972 (PDF Download)

Keywords - leiomyosarcoma, epigenetics, DNA methylation, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, miRNA, prostate cancer, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, apoptosis, glucose starvation, T cells, cancer, science, research, oncology

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

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The Ride for Roswell is one of the nation’s largest cycling events—hosted by Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center—with ambitious goals to raise awareness and funds for cancer research and patient care. This charity bike ride, based out of Buffalo, New York, has brought people together for 25 years to celebrate cancer survivors, pay tribute to lives that have been lost, and to work together to support research and find a cure.

When it opened its doors in Buffalo in 1898, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center was the first cancer research-focused institution in the world. Today, this institution is one of only four National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer centers in the state of New York. Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center is ranked by U.S. News & World Report as one of the best cancer hospitals in the United States.

The Ride for Roswell started in 1989, when Mitch Flynn, owner of the advertising agency Flynn & Friends, met Katherine Gioia. Katherine was a four-year-old patient battling a rare form of cancer. After Katherine’s death, less than a year after her diagnosis, Katherine’s mother, Anne Gioia, and aunt, Donna Gioia, founded the Roswell Park Alliance Foundation in her memory to raise money for cancer research and treatment. On June 29, 1996, Mitch and Alliance Foundation staff launched the first Ride for Roswell.

In the 25 years since then, thanks to many thousands of riders and generous donations, the Ride for Roswell has raised over $60 million to fund cancer research. The event has become one of the largest single-day charity rides in the United States.

Traditionally (excluding last year’s COVID-19 inspired “Summer of The Ride”), teams of bicyclists register to ride in a one-day event and raise money to support their participation. This summer, there are two ways to ride. Riders can join in-person at various locations (socially distanced) throughout the Western New York area on Saturday, August 7, 2021. Participants can also ride on their own throughout the month of August.

Impact Journals has been sponsoring the Ride for Roswell since 2018. The Impact Journals peloton, Team Open Access (named after the open-source online medical journals Oncotarget, Aging, Genes & Cancer, and Oncoscience), is captained by Sergei Kurenov. Sergei (who has been riding in the event since 2016) works at the Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center to create, develop, and implement innovative diagnostic and surgical pre-planning software used in cancer treatment.

“Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center is dedicated to providing a high level of care for cancer patients,” Sergei said. “By contributing to the Ride for Roswell, we are helping our patients to fight this most dangerous disease.”

There is still time to join Team Open Access and the Ride for Roswell this summer. You can also support the team by giving a donation of any size. Any avenue of support you may choose to donate to the Ride for Roswell will make a difference and change lives.

“Finding a cure for cancer is something we are all incredibly passionate about, and we are so thankful and grateful for your support,” Sergei said. “Together, we can make a difference!”

Team page - https://give.roswellpark.org/site/TR/SpecialEvents/General?team_id=7581&pg=team&fr_id=1660

About Oncotarget

Oncotarget is a bi-weekly, peer-reviewed, open access biomedical journal covering research on all aspects of oncology.

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Oncotarget is published by Impact Journals, LLC please visit https://www.ImpactJournals.com or connect with @ImpactJrnls

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