When Paul came to Ephesus 10 years earlier, he found a large, rich, Greco-Roman city (Acts 18:19). As he shared the Gospel, many Ephesians became Christians. Years later, Paul now told them to no longer walk (Gr. mēketi peripatein, ‘stop moving forward’) in the ways of their culture. Which, despite Ephesian success and education, they had futile (Gr. mataiotēs, ‘empty of truth’) minds and therefore a darkened (Gr. skotizō, ‘to obscure/cover in darkness’) understanding of God. To the blind, darkness is light(Luke 11:34, 35)! This ignorance about God wasn’t due to God not being obvious or desiring to love and reach people. But it was from their hardened (Gr. pōrōsin, ‘to petrify/be dull’) hearts, leading their lives away from God (Rom. 2:5). The way you walk, is where you wind-up!