In this episode of OT After Hours, Ken Kully (Systems Support Lead for Rockwell SecureOT), sits down with Natalie Kalinowski (Network & Cybersecurity Specialist), Lance Lamont (Special Projects & Protocols Team Lead), Zach Woltjer (Technical Account Manager), and Rick Herzing (Systems Support Analyst)

The team reviews last year's predictions for 2025 in industrial cybersecurity, confirming that most came true and discussing their impact on hybrid workforces, regulatory compliance, AI integration, dynamic detection, zero trust, legacy device security, monitoring, and third-party risks. They then discuss emerging cybersecurity threats and trends for 2026, focusing on AI-driven attacks, deep fakes, mandatory MFA, compliance enforcement, insurance-driven resilience, and ongoing supply chain risks.

2025 Predictions Reviewed

• Hybrid Workforce Risks: TRUE. The expansion of hybrid workforces has increased device risks, with companies adopting solutions like VPNs, MFA, and endpoint protection to mitigate new attack vectors.
• Regulatory Compliance Challenges: PARTIALLY TRUE. The vagueness of some regulations, the struggle for end users to translate them into actionable metrics, and the slow pace of regulatory change, leave much to be desired.
• AI Integration in Cybersecurity: TRUE. There has been growing use of AI in cybersecurity products. The SecureOT research team has found AI to be highly confident but only moderately accurate, underscoring the importance of human oversight.
• Dynamic Detection and Zero Trust: TRUE. The shift from signature-based detection to dynamic methods due to adaptive malware, has been ongoing for years. Zero trust policies have become more prevalent.
• Legacy Device Security and Obsolescence Planning: TRUE. The persistent challenge of securing legacy devices in industrial environments continues unabated.
• Monitoring and Third-Party Risks: PARTIALLY TRUE. Combining passive and active monitoring tools is not on track to become a standard in OT cybersecurity. But there is growing concern over third-party risks and the mitigation thereof, especially with new compliance requirements like the Cyber Resiliency Act.

Predictions and Trends for 2026:

• AI-Driven Cyber Attacks: We can expect to see more end-to-end AI cyber attacks. There is potential for increased automation and sophistication, including lateral movement into OT environments.
• Deep Fakes and Social Engineering: We can expect to see an expansion in the ongoing threat posed by deep fakes and phishing, given the growing ease of generating convincing audio and images.
• Mandatory MFA and Compliance Enforcement: We are unlikely to see truly mandatory MFA adoption; that legal compliance and fines may well be necessary for widespread adoption, especially in OT.
• Insurance-Driven Cyber Resilience: Insurers may drive faster adoption of cyber hygiene practices by requiring verified resilience for coverage. Some companies may choose pay fines instead.
• Supply Chain and Open Source Risks: The threat of supply chain infections, especially with increased AI-generated code contributions, will grow in the year to come. Organizations should focus on retaining skilled software engineers to validate code.

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In this episode of OT After Hours, Ken Kully (Systems Support Lead for Rockwell SecureOT), sits down with Natalie Kalinowski (Network & Cybersecurity Specialist), Tyler Bergman (Operations Team Lead) and Lance Lamont (Special Projects & Protocols Team Lead) to discuss the recently-concluded Rockwell Automation Fair.

And if you weren't able to attend Automation Fair, you can still find videos and presentations from it on the Rockwell YouTube channel.

Key Takeaways

• Automation Fair is a major annual event held by Rockwell Automation, attracting both employees and customers. The event features workshops, tech demos, and product displays, not unlike a mini-CES for Rockwell, its partners, and its clients.
• Workshops ranged from basic controller programming to advanced topics like CPWE design with Cisco and Powerflex fundamentals. Keynotes are a valuable way to gauge Rockwell's strategic direction, including the announcement of a $2 billion investment in a new greenfield facility in southeastern Wisconsin, set to open in 2028 as a showcase for automation, AI, robotics, and cybersecurity.
• Numerous robotics demos at the Automation Fair, including collaborative robots (cobots), multi-brand robot arm interoperability, and advanced material handling systems.
• Verve Industrial Protection has been rebranded to Rockwell Secure OT, which was a prominent presence in Rockwell's display area. Lots of conversations at the SecureOT booth, discussing asset inventory, risk analysis, and the new risk scoring features, while engaging with customers and IT/OT professionals to address practical use cases and integration challenges.
• Vibrant event culture, including pin-collecting, and swag at the SecureOT booth, the role of casual interactions in networking, and the significance of shared spaces like the lunch hall in fostering connections among attendees.

Timestamps

00:36 – Preamble and recording kickoff

00:56 – Introductions by Lance, Tyler, and Natalie

01:37 – What is the Automation Fair, and where was it held?

04:54 – Robots, cobots, and robot inter-operatbility

18:04 – Workshops, keynotes, and collectible pins

27:26 – Massive space for lunch...and networking

28:11 – FIRST Robotics and Student Mentorship

32:25 – The SecureOT Booth Experience

46:24 – Wrap-ups, more robotics, and final takeaways

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In this episode of OT After Hours, Lance Lamont, Special Projects & Protocols Team Lead, sits down with Tyler Bergman (Operations Team Lead) and Richard Melito (Senior Software Engineer) to discuss Richard's history at Verve and now Rockwell, the development process for Verve's software, and what standout features are in version 1.42 of the Verve Security Center (VSC).

This episode was recorded at the end of September, but was under embargo until the release of VSC 1.42.

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction and explanation of episode embargo

01:46 – Introductions by Lance, Tyler, and Richard

03:07 – What is the Verve Development Gathering?

17:30 – Richard Melito's career trajectory

27:11 – "Software With Consequences" - real-world impacts of critical software

30:54 – The Integrations team and what they do, and Richard's current role

33:32 – Risk Management in VSC 1.42 and custom asset risk scoring

39:12 – Richard's thoughts on software and application development

42:24 – Wrap-ups, future podcast ideas, and the challenges of marketing

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In this episode of OT After Hours, host Ken Kully, Systems Support Lead at Verve Industrial, sits down with Zach Woltjer and Connor Murphy, Technical Account Managers at Rockwell Automation to explore how the U.S. Department of Defense's SkillBridge program is helping veterans transition into civilian careers in OT cybersecurity.

Zach shares how his own journey through SkillBridge not only eased his transition out of the military but also inspired him to help set up the program at Verve. Connor recounts his path from military intelligence into OT security, proving that determination, adaptability, and soft skills can open doors—degree or no degree. Together, their stories highlight how military training and mindsets translate into critical skills for protecting industrial infrastructure.

Key Takeaways

• SkillBridge as a bridge: A program designed to help military personnel transition smoothly into civilian careers, including cybersecurity roles.
• Soft skills are critical: Strategic thinking, adaptability, and communication—often honed in the military—translate directly to success in OT security.
• From intel to OT security: Zach and Connor share how experiences in military intelligence prepared them for cybersecurity careers.
• The value for companies: SkillBridge allows organizations to bring in talented veterans, "test drive" potential hires, and diversify teams with unique backgrounds.
• Degree not required: Connor's success story emphasizes that curiosity, drive, and continuous learning matter as much as formal education.

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction and overview of career-focused mini-sodes

02:30 – Introducing Zach Woltjer and Connor Murphy

03:08 – What the SkillBridge program is and why it matters

07:40 – Zach's path: military service, mentors, certifications, and SkillBridge experience

13:57 – Bringing SkillBridge to Verve and recruiting Connor into the program

17:20 – Connor's journey: transitioning out of the Air Force, overcoming doubts, and gaining new skills

24:18 – How SkillBridge works for companies: processes, intermediaries, and benefits

32:29 – Why veterans should consider SkillBridge when transitioning out

34:52 – Challenges of shifting from military to civilian culture

36:34 – Final reflections on SkillBridge and its impact on careers in OT cybersecurity

Guest Information

• Zachary Woltjer: Technical Account Manager at Rockwell Automation. A U.S. Air Force veteran who helped establish the SkillBridge program at Verve, bridging military expertise with civilian OT cybersecurity needs.
• Connor Murphy: Technical Account Manager at Rockwell Automation. An Air Force veteran who transitioned into OT cybersecurity through SkillBridge, now focused on supporting clients and advancing his cybersecurity career.

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In this episode, we trace the career of Tyler Bergman, Operations Team Lead at Rockwell Automation (formerly Verve Industrial), whose early fascination with computers and programming sparked a path that led through SCADA operations, utility cooperatives, and consulting before finding a home in OT cybersecurity. Join host Ken Kully, Systems Support Lead at Verve Industrial, as Tyler shares how persistence, hands-on experience, and a thirst for knowledge shaped his expertise—and why networking fundamentals are the backbone of OT security.

Key Takeaways

• A lifelong passion for technology: From programming on a TRS-80 as a child to building custom systems for nonprofits, Tyler's curiosity and drive shaped his technical foundation.
• SCADA and utility experience: Years spent in municipal and cooperative environments provided hands-on exposure to the OT landscape long before "OT security" was a defined field.
• The value of persistence: Earning a CCNA after multiple attempts showed the resilience required to keep advancing in cybersecurity.
• Networking as the cornerstone: Understanding networks and how devices present themselves is one of the most critical skills in OT security.
• Bridging OT and IT: Tyler's background gave him unique insight into why protecting critical infrastructure requires a balance of availability, reliability, and security.

Timestamps

00:00 – Early fascination with robotics, the TRS-80, and programming in BASIC

03:06 – High school years, military service, and starting a consulting business

05:46 – Transition into networking, SCADA operations, and pursuing certifications

12:01 – Cybersecurity experiences, OT systems, and utility cooperative work

14:03 – Joining Verve Industrial and focusing on OT cybersecurity

18:30 – Reflections on career path, lifelong learning, and excitement for future challenges

Guest Information

• Tyler Bergman: Lead of the Field Deployment Team at Rockwell Automation (formerly Verve Industrial). With more than two decades of experience spanning SCADA operations, utilities, consulting, and networking, Tyler brings deep insight into the intersection of operational technology and cybersecurity. Passionate about hands-on problem solving, persistence in learning, and building secure critical infrastructure.

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In this episode, we follow the unique career journey of Natalie Kalinowski, Network & Cybersecurity Specialist at Verve Industrial, from teaching snowboard lessons to managing complex industrial network security. Join host Ken Kully, Systems Support Lead at Verve Industrial, as Natalie shares how international internships, early career programs, and continuous learning shaped her expertise—and her advice for anyone looking to break into OT security.

Key Takeaways

• Career pivots can start anywhere—Natalie's path began on the slopes and in hands-on engineering internships across the Dominican Republic and Germany.
• Rockwell Automation's EDGE program provided foundational OT automation skills, bridging the gap from theory to real-world application.
• Continuous upskilling through certifications (CISSP, CCNA, FEMA courses) and self-directed study is key to keeping pace in a fast-evolving field.
• Strong communication skills—especially with global teams—are as critical as technical knowledge in OT security.
• For newcomers: pursue foundational certifications, gain experience in IT or OT support roles, and immerse yourself in industry news and terminology.

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction & early jobs: teaching snowboarding and discovering manufacturing

02:10 – Engineering studies at Marquette University & global internships (Dominican Republic, Germany)

04:15 – Why manufacturing offered the variety and challenge Natalie wanted

05:30 – Joining Rockwell Automation through the EDGE early-career program

07:20 – Gaining hands-on experience in networks, automation, and OT environments

09:00 – Transitioning to network and cybersecurity focus

10:15 – Rockwell's acquisition of Verve and upskilling in cybersecurity

13:00 – Certifications and training: PSIRT, CVSS, CCNA, FEMA, CISSP prep

15:40 – Overcoming imposter syndrome and building communication skills

19:05 – Working with global teams and adapting communication for non-native English speakers

21:00 – Advice for newcomers: certifications, entry-level IT/OT roles, learning the lingo, and staying informed

Guest Information

• Natalie Kalinowski: Network & Cybersecurity Specialist at Verve Industrial with a background in computer engineering, global manufacturing internships, and OT network design. Passionate about continuous learning, cross-cultural communication, and mentoring new entrants into the cybersecurity field.

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In this episode, we explore how an embedded-systems engineer became the leader of Verve's Special Projects & Protocols team—and what his journey says about recruiting, culture, and continuous learning in OT security. Join host Ken Kully, Systems Support Lead at Verve Industrial, and his guest Lance Lamont, Manager for Special Projects & Protocols, as they discuss career pivots, protocol reverse-engineering, and building low-ego teams that thrive on curiosity.

Key Takeaways

• Transferable skills matter: deep protocol expertise from product engineering can power OT-security research
• Flexibility attracts talent: "We want you for your skills, not your hours" sealed Lance's mid-pandemic move to Verve
• Low ego, high curiosity: teams grow faster when members admit mistakes and chase answers together
• Diverse entry points strengthen outcomes: mixing maker-space tinkerers, robotics alumni, and anime-inspired problem-solvers yields broader perspective

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction and sound check

00:05 – From touch-screen drivers to a LinkedIn message that changed everything

02:45 – Turning down (then accepting) the offer: balancing parenting and remote work

05:20 – "Skill collector" mindset and early protocol wins

07:10 – Maker-space leadership and the value of empowering others

09:38 – Imposter feelings, confidence, and the culture of asking questions

11:30 – Hiring for curiosity and low ego: what Lance looks for in new team members

13:00 – Closing thoughts on continuous learning and career growth

Guest Information

• Lance Lamont: Manager, Special Projects & Protocols at Verve Industrial. Former embedded developer (power tools, automotive, touchscreens) who now leads a multidisciplinary research team reverse-engineering OT communication protocols.

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In this episode, we trace an unlikely career pivot from fine‑dining bartender to the helm of Verve's OT cybersecurity lab. Join host Ken Kully, Systems Support Lead at Verve Industrial, and his guest Andrew Wintermeyer, Team Lead, Device & Integration Research, as the latter discusses breaking into the field, learning on the fly, and why forgotten manuals can be more dangerous than zero‑days.

Key Takeaways

• Curiosity compounds — an hour of self‑study each week can snowball into deep expertise.
• Real‑world OT risks often hide in "maintenance" passwords and long‑running configs.
• A safe testing lab accelerates learning and de‑risks production environments.
• Soft skills from hospitality — patience, improvisation — translate surprisingly well to cybersecurity.

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction

00:05 – Holiday bartending burnout sparks a career rethink

01:40 – Six‑week help‑desk contract at Madison Power & Electric turns into a year

02:40 – Landing at Verve as a COVID‑era lab assistant

03:13 – First solo day in the lab: imposter syndrome & safety scares

03:50 – The breakthrough that changed everything

04:59 – Finding your place in the field

05:20 – Sunday‑night learning ritual and compounding knowledge

06:30 – What happens in the field matters

Guest Information

• Andrew Wintermeyer: OT Security Specialist and lead for Verve's North American lab. Former bartender turned Java programmer, now wrangles PLCs, SCADAPack, and virtualization stacks to keep client environments safer.

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In this episode, we take a look at how Verve Reporting, and in particular its ability to search and filter logs, can be useful for high-level forensic investigation. Join host Ken Kully, Systems Support Lead at Verve Industrial, and his guests Dustin Gogue (Technical Account Manager), Andrew Wintermyer (Team Lead, Device & Integration Research) and Zach Woltjer (ICS Security Specialist) as they dive into how Verve Reporting helped identify user account management and authentication issues.

Key Takeaways

• Proper user account hygiene (especially timely user off-boarding) is a key component of a robust security strategy.
• Maintaining named user accounts for key personnel is important for non-repudiation during investigations.
• OT software is sometimes installed in a way that binds its services or application authentication to a particular user account, which can present a challenge when and if that user needs to be off-boarded.
• The ability to collect, filter, and search event logs quickly and easily is a key component of forensic and incident investigation.

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction and sound check

00:27 – Welcome to Season Two of OT After Hours

00:37 – Guest introductions: Dustin, Andrew & Zach

01:30 – Quick overview of what logs are

02:19 – Why logs are important to digital forensics

04:43 – Dustin steps through the process of investigating an influx of logs and discovering key issues

12:50 – Identifying an improperly off-boarded user account within the authentication logging data

13:30 – The complexities of user off-boarding in OT environments

16:32 – Zach on incorporating user account privileges and user employment status into risk calculations

24:15 – Value of the Verve Reporting platform and roundtable discussion

32:33 - Outtro and thank yous

Guest Information

• Dustin Gogue: Technical Account Manager at Verve Industrial
• Andrew Wintermyer: Device & Integration Research Team Lead at Verve Industrial
• Zach Woltjer: ICS Security Specialist at Verve Industrial

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In this episode, we grapple with a deceptively simple question: in an operational technology environment, which element of the CIA triad—confidentiality, integrity or availability—should reign supreme? Join host Ken Kully, Systems Support Lead at Verve Industrial, and his guests Natalie Kalinowski (OT Security Analyst), Tyler Bergman (Industrial Cybersecurity Engineer) and Zach Woltjer (ICS Security Specialist) as they debate real-world incidents, legacy system constraints and industry priorities that shape how we secure critical infrastructure.

Key Takeaways

• Availability often takes center stage in OT—downtime can cost millions and trigger regulatory shutdowns.
• Integrity attacks (like Stuxnet-style tampering) are scarier than outright outages: misleading data can hide dangerous conditions.
• Confidentiality matters too—information gathering paves the way for future, highly targeted attacks.
• In practice, availability and integrity are inseparable: validating data flow can bolster both pillars simultaneously.
• A holistic, risk-based "crown jewels" assessment helps organizations focus on the devices and data that matter most.

Timestamps

00:00 – Introduction and sound check

00:43 – Welcome to Season Two of OT After Hours

01:06 – Guest introductions: Natalie, Tyler & Zach

04:00 – Defining confidentiality, integrity and availability

07:57 – Tyler on why availability skyrockets in OT environments

11:53 – Natalie on integrity attacks and the legacy of Stuxnet

25:05 – Ken and team explore integrity-based attack scenarios and encryption trade-offs

39:47 – Natalie on confidentiality's long-term impact (Ukraine grid outages, HAVoC)

43:04 – Roundtable closing thoughts: tying availability & integrity together

47:12 – Outro and how to submit your questions

Guest Information

• Natalie Kalinowski: OT Security Analyst at Verve Industrial, specializes in vulnerability management and threat research.
• Tyler Bergman: Industrial Cybersecurity Engineer at Verve Industrial, expert in SCADA availability and risk mitigation.
• Zach Woltjer: ICS Security Specialist at Verve Industrial, focuses on OT-IT convergence and strategic assessments.

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