AlphaGenome is a multimodal deep learning model that predicts functional genomic tracks from 1-Mb DNA sequences at base-pair resolution. It outperforms specialized tools in variant effect prediction for gene expression, splicing, and chromatin state, aiding non-coding variant analysis.

References:

• Avsec Ž, Latysheva N, Cheng J, et al. Advancing regulatory variant effect prediction with AlphaGenome[J]. Nature, 2026, 649(8099): 1206-1218.

Pathogenic ILC2 and Th2 cells require cystine for glutathione synthesis to survive and expand. This redox balance, maintained by GPX4 and TXNRD1, prevents ferroptosis and enables lipid metabolism. Targeting these antioxidant systems mitigates airway inflammation.

References:

• Wientjens C, Doverman M, Zurkovic J, et al. Tolerance to ferroptosis facilitates lipid metabolism and pathogenic type 2 immunity in allergic airway inflammation[J]. Immunity, 2025.

PAMs are yolk sac-derived microglia that regulate myelinogenesis. They exhibit plasticity, transitioning from a reactive state to homeostasis, then switching to DAM or WAM states during injury or aging. Epigenomic profiling identifies specific enhancers and TFs like ATF4 as key regulators.

References:

• Hamagami N, Kapadia D, Barclay K M, et al. State-specific enhancer landscapes govern microglial plasticity[J]. Immunity, 2026.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a scalable, genetic platform for cancer immunotherapy. By engineering iPSCs to create "off-the-shelf" CAR-NK, CAR-T, and CAR-macrophage cells, researchers can enhance anti-tumor activity while reducing immune rejection and toxicity.

References:

• Human pluripotent stem cell-derived innate and adaptive immune cells for cancer immunotherapyShah, Zahir et al.Cell Stem Cell, Volume 0, Issue 0

Researchers developed vascularized human retinal organoids using a novel bioengineered platform. By integrating endothelial cells, the model reduces hypoxia and enhances RGC survival. These organoids exhibit mature light-driven responses, serving as a tool for vision research.

References:

• Sharma K, Habibey R, Ribeiro M M, et al. Retinal ganglion cell survival and functional maturation in transiently vascularized human retinal organoids[J]. Cell Stem Cell, 2026.

Vitamin B6 and its active form PLP promote tumor regression by preserving CD8+ T cell stemness and antitumor function. PLP directly inhibits p70S6K, preventing the phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of BACH2. This axis sustains stemness genes and enhances immunotherapy efficacy.

References:

• Wu J, Li G, Zhou J, et al. Vitamin B6 preserves the stemness-like phenotypes and antitumor ability of CD8+ T cells[J]. Developmental Cell, 2025.

This single-cell atlas of 128,000 cells maps human gonad development from 5 to 12 weeks. It identifies coelomic-epithelium-derived progenitors that branch into supporting and steroidogenic lineages. The study also reveals GnRHR signaling's role in testis differentiation.

References:

• Lardenois A, Suglia A, Moore C L, et al. Single-cell exploration of gonadal somatic cell lineage specification during human sex determination[J]. Developmental Cell, 2025.

Research shows the commensal bacterium Corynebacterium mastitidis uses the lipid TMCM to trigger protective ocular immunity. TMCM activates IL-17+ γδ T cells through TCR and IL-1R1 signaling. This microbial factor strengthens barrier defenses and prevents bacterial infections.

References:

• Xu X, Rigas Y E, Mattapallil M J, et al. Commensal-derived trehalose monocorynomycolate triggers γδ T cell-driven protective ocular barrier immunity[J]. Immunity, 2025.

In Arabidopsis, egg-cell proteins SDN1–3 prevent polyspermy by degrading specific miRNAs (miR833a, miR395a/f, miR827). This turnover ensures the expression of ECS1/2 endopeptidases, which establish a polytubey block post-fertilization to maintain genomic integrity.

References:

• Shen K, Qu M, Zhou X, et al. Degradation of detrimental microRNAs safeguards the fertilized egg cells to establish an ECS-dependent polytubey block in Arabidopsis[J]. Developmental cell, 2025.

Yu et al. mapped human pancreatic gene co-expression networks (GCNs) to improve stem cell-derived β cell induction. Existing protocols fail to mimic in vivo GCNs, but a new 19-day strategy restores this architecture. This approach yields 70% functional β cells that reverse diabetes.

References:

• Yu X X, Wang X, Yang L, et al. Reconstructing human pancreatic gene networks enhances stem cell-derived β cell induction[J]. Developmental Cell, 2025.