Pediatrics

Host: Alicia A. Sutton

From the floors of Omnia Education's Women's Health Annual Visit in Washington DC, host Alicia Sutton interviews Dr. Joel Weinthal, Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Medical Director of the Stem Cell Transplant Laboratory at Medical City Dallas Hospital. The two discuss Dr. Weinthal's current work in regenerative medicine, the scope of clinical utilization and potential, ethical considerations, and anticipated directions for the field.

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Preschool children who experience repeated episodes of severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) often present with symptoms like wheezing and difficulty breathing. A new study looked at whether the use of the common antibiotic, azithromycin, would help prevent progression of the illness, if given early enough in the episode.

Researchers from Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, studied more than 600 children, ranging from ages one to six years old, with a history of repeated episodes of severe respiratory illness. Children were randomly assigned to either receive azithromycin or a placebo early in these episodes.

They found that children in the antibiotic group experienced a lower risk of progressing to severe LRTI than the placebo group.

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Host: Brian P. McDonough, MD, FAAFP

Joining Dr. Brian McDonough to discuss updated considerations and approaches to the pre-participation physical exam is Dr. Mark Mirabelli, Assistant Professor in the Departments of Orthopedics, Family Medicine, and Physiatry at the University of Rochester Medical Center in Rochester, NY. Dr. Mirabelli is a medical consultant to regional professional and college sports teams. He also serves as the supervising physician for University Sports Medicine athletic trainers at several area high schools. Their discussion centers on the most vital health concerns for young athletes, from cardiac screening protocols to asthma maintenance to concussion assessments.

Host: Kathy King, RDN

Guest: Elizabeth Strickland

Can dietary choices play important health roles for patients with autism spectrum disorders? Addressing this question with host Kathy King is pediatric dietitian Elizabeth Strickland, author of Eating for Autism: The 10-Step Nutrition Plan to Help Treat Your Child's Autism, Asberger's, or ADHD. Ms. Strickland is the founder of ASD Nutrition Seminars & Consulting, a clinical nutrition consulting firm that serves families, professionals, educational systems, and private and government programs. Her work expands nationwide to include providing individualized nutrition therapy to children with autism and related disorders.

Host: Brian P. McDonough, MD, FAAFP

Dr. Brian McDonough welcomes Dr. Eric Edmonds, co-director of 360 Sports Medicine and one of two fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeons at Rady Children’s Hospital-San Diego with subspeciality certification in sports medicine. Dr. Edmond is also an associate clinical professor at UC San Diego, where he is actively involved with the education of pediatric orthopaedic fellows, residents from UC San Diego, the Navy and the Air Force, and UC San Diego medical students.

Host: Jennifer Caudle, DO

Dr. Jennifer Caudle welcomes Dr. Patrick Spencer, Chairman of the Department of Ophthalmology at Grandview Medical Center in Dayton, Ohio. Their discussion centers on primary care manifestations of sickle cell retinopathy, from early to late-stage presentations and the gold standard treatment approaches along this disease course.

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In the United States, seasonal influenza epidemics are responsible for an estimated 226,000 hospitalizations and between 3,000 and 49,000 deaths each year. Pneumonia, the leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death in the United States, is a serious complication of influenza. A new study examined whether getting a flu shot can help reduce hospitalizations due to influenza pneumonia.

Researchers from Vanderbilt University Medical Center evaluated more than 2,700 patients from January 2010 to June 2012. All patients had pneumonia and were admitted to the hospital from the emergency department. Overall, about six percent of patients had pneumonia due to influenza.

Researchers estimated that the patients who received influenza vaccine had a 57 percent less chance of getting hospitalized with influenza-pneumonia than those patients who were not vaccinated.

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JAMA Report videos provided pursuant to license. ©2015 American Medical Association, publisher of JAMA® and The JAMA Network® journals.

Host: Paul Rokuskie

Andy Bondy, PhD, Co-Founder and President of Pyramid Educational Consultants, Inc. join host Paul Rokuski for an in-depth discussion on the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), which allows children with autism who have little or no communication abilities a novel means of communicating non-verbally.

Host: Prathima Setty, MD

Disorders of sex development (DSDs) occur more frequently than most people realize, and yet there are numerous misconceptions persisting in the clinical arena as to how these disorders are best approached. For example, whereas older prevailing sentiments on presentations of ambiguous genitalia called for immediate sex assignments at birth followed by surgical alignments of those decisions, more modern philosophies advocate for direct patient involvement in these decisions a little later in life.

Joining Dr. Prathima Setty to focus on this important topic is Dr. Earl Cheng, Professor of Urology, Division Head of Urology and Co-Head of Reconstructive Pediatric Urology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Dr. Cheng directs the Gender and Sex Development Program at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represents a diverse group of neurodevelopmental conditions. If researchers can better understand the genetics of ASD, it may be possible to identify and diagnose at-risk children sooner. A new study looked at the results of two newer genetic testing technologies, chromosomal microarray and whole-exome sequencing, in children diagnosed with ASD.

Researchers from Newfoundland, Canada studied more than 250 children diagnosed with ASD. All participants underwent the chromosomal microarray analysis, however, only 95 randomly selected participants had whole-exome sequencing. Results found that sixteen percent of the children had an ASD related genetic finding on either microarray or whole-exome sequencing.

In addition to the new tests, researchers also closely examined the children for subtle physical differences and screened them for birth defects. Based on these exams, they were put into three groups of increasing physical severity: essential, equivocal, and complex. Researchers found that thirty-five percent of children in the complex group had a positive genetic test. In that group, the diagnosis of autism was more delayed than in the children of the other groups.

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JAMA Report videos provided pursuant to license. ©2015 American Medical Association, publisher of …