Philosophy Overdose

Russ Shafer-Landau explains the Euthyphro Dilemma and why it presents a serious problem to Divine Command Theory. This comes from a talk on objective morality without God: https://youtu.be/50CQwa15R7A

Uploaded 03-04-26

#philosophy #ethics #metaethics #moralphilosophy #historyofphilosophy



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Catherine Elgin discusses fallibilism in a 2016 lecture at the University of Edinburgh. Elgin's talk "True Enough": https://youtu.be/P5pKJGXuCNE

Uploaded 24-07-25

#philosophy #epistemology #skepticism #science



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Robert Harrison and Adrian Daub discuss Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and his heirs a few years back in an episode of Entitled Opinions, a KZSU Stanford University program. http://french-italian.stanford.edu/op...

Uploaded 28-06-21

Hegel was one of the most important and influential 19th century German philosophers, best known for his dialectic, absolute idealism, and historicism, among various other things. The Hegelian dialectic is the process in which everything changes, based on the triad: thesis-antithesis-synthesis. Hegel's idealism rejected the Kantian notion of the thing-in-itself and instead embraced a monistic vision of the world in which everything forms an organic, interconnected, rational whole. Nothing is true or real except the whole. Not only a thinker of totality, Hegel was a historicist thinker who rejected the notion that ideas are static and fixed (e.g. the concepts of human nature and morality, as well as the concept of reason itself). Things can only be understood by understanding their historical context, which, for Hegel, is a process which changes and develops, and which has an underlying meaning or significance. So not only is there history in reason, but there is reason in history. For Hegel, history progresses towards its endpoint of ever greater freedom, driven by alienation, that of constant conflict and struggle by way of this dialectical process. (My Description)

#philosophy #hegel #metaphysics



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In this second lecture in this series on the nature of causation, Marianne Talbot discusses the counterfactual theory of causation.

Uploaded 23-09-21

We have causal theories of reference, perception, knowledge, content and numerous other things. If it were to turn out that causation doesn’t exist, we would be in serious trouble! Causation is so important in fact that it has been said that: “With regard to our total conceptual apparatus, causation is the centre of the centre”, and it has been called ‘the cement of the universe’. In these lectures you will be introduced to the most influential theories of causation, the motivations for them and arguments behind them, and the problems they face.

This is from a six-part lecture series on the nature of causation given at Oxford in 2016.

#philosophy #davidhume #causation #philosophyofscience #causality



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In this fifth lecture, James Conant continues to discuss and contrast Cartesian skepticism with Kantian skepticism, and does so by discussing the work of Hilary Putnam and John McDowell.

Uploaded 02-07-21

In this series of lectures on varieties of philosophical skepticism, James Conant distinguishes between two forms of philosophical skepticism: Cartesian skepticism and Kantian skepticism. He discusses their general structure and shows how they're related. This sheds light on issues in various different areas, including within the philosophy of perception, philosophy of mind, and philosophy of language. Some of the philosophers discussed throughout this course include Wittgenstein, Sellars, Hilary Putnam, Kripke, C.I. Lewis, John McDowell, and Stanley Cavell.

This series of lectures was given in 2005 at the Department of Philosophy at the University of Bergen, Norway. Note, the audio has been slightly edited and improved.

"In McDowell’s view the key assumption responsible for the disaster is the idea that there has to be an interface between our cognitive powers and the external world – or, to put the same point differently, the idea that our cognitive powers cannot reach all the way to the objects themselves." Hilary Putnam

All lectures: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhP9EhPApKE8muoMpX8qQ-14zKnYPc5VI

#philosophy #epistemology #skepticism #philosophyofmind #putnam #historyofphilosophy



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Audio recording of a public lecture by professor Ernest Nagel on the nature of creativity, particularly in connection with science. This talk was given at the Cooper Union Forum in 1968.

Uploaded 11-12-25

#philosophy #science #philosophyofscience #historyofscience #psychology



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Gadamer discusses Hegel in regards to Geist, art, and reason. The translation is my own, but take it with a grain of salt. In any case, this is a version of an upload from the previous channel. Details will be added at a later date.

Uploaded 18-07-21

More Gadamer: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhP9EhPApKE_MbPzGOh27qfdqiCaf7Uot
More Short Clips: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhP9EhPApKE8v8UVlc7JuuNHwvhkaOvzc

#philosophy #gadamer #hegel



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Dr. Walter Kaufmann gives the first talk in a 1960 series on existentialism. He begins by discussing what he takes existentialism to be and then goes on to discuss the life and thought of Søren Kierkegaard, particularly in relation to the modern crisis of religion. In the next talk, he discusses Nietzsche and the crisis in philosophy, and then Sartre and the crisis in morality. This comes from a 1960 series on existentialism which is now in the public domain. Note, the audio has been edited and improved.

Uploaded 05-08-21

Existentialists take human existence and the human condition to be a fundamental issue. They tend to be radical individualists who privilege our lived experience and choice. They focus on themes such as: freedom, authenticity, the individual, meaning, anxiety, alienation, death, dread, the absurd, contingency, and nihilism. They are often also suspicious of any fixed, pre-determined human nature, objective/universal values, and abstract philosophical systems. Some of the most important existentialist thinkers (or at least thinkers associated with existentialism) include Jean-Paul Sartre, Martin Heidegger, Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, Dostoyevsky, Karl Jaspers, Albert Camus, and Simone de Beauvoir. (My Description)

Clip of Simone de Beauvoir on Existentialism and God: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tJnWHVwvYSQ

Hubert Dreyfus on Husserl, Heidegger and Existentialism: https://youtu.be/H4_Tsjmqxak

Nietzsche on Nihilism and the Death of God: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHShypzrqGw

#philosophy #existentialism #kierkegaard



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In this program, Bill Moyers interviews philosopher and educator Mortimer Adler about his book on Aristotle and his process of interpreting great Greek philosophers’ work into modern day language.

Uploaded 27-02-24

#philosophy #ethics #aristotle



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Professor Raimond Gaita gives the first talk in a series on 'Prejudice, Reason and Understanding' at the Australian National University as part of the Freilich Foundation's Eminent Lecturer Series back in 2013.

Uploaded 27-04-25

Some years ago, Mirko Bagaric, then Professor and Dean of Law at Deakin University in Melbourne, published in the Age an opinion piece in which he argued that we should torture people in certain circumstances if doing so would save many lives. His article provoked incredulity amongst some people: what had seemed to them to be undiscussable and which they believed had partly defined their political culture just because it was undiscussable, was again “on the agenda”. Bagaric was in his turn incredulous that people could be so lacking in respect for rational discussion as to believe that some matters were undiscussable or unthinkable, and that they could be so morally and politically irresponsible as to deem undiscussable something that could potentially save thousands of lives. In the first two lectures, Raimond Gaita tries to bring out what he takes to be most serious in the incredulity voiced by Bagaric and his critics in order to explore what it shows about political discourse that aspires to be a conversation of citizens. He will explore why the ideal that even in ethics and politics, reliable and sound cognitive achievements is best achieved in a tone-free zone, is widespread amongst philosophers, at least in the analytical tradition. He will suggest that attractive as it may be as an elaboration of how best to rise to the claims of reason, it erodes the kind of judgment and sobriety necessary to critical thought about ethics and politics and thereby impoverishes our understanding of what the distinction between legitimate illegitimate persuasion comes to in those realms. It erodes entirely, he will argue, the conditions necessary for the conversation of citizens.

In these lectures, Raimond Gaita explores an ideal of a democratic politics as ‘a conversation of citizens’. Reflection germane to the topic goes back at least to the time of Socrates. In Plato’s Gorgias, whose bitter political tone has often been noted, Socrates says to an aspiring young orator that he is good at oratory but bad a conversation. He meant, in part, that oratory betrays a trust intrinsic to real 'conversation’ that one’s partner in conversation will respect ones need to be legitimately persuaded to a belief – that she will not exploit her skills and one’s vulnerability to them, for example. For that reason, Socrates did not look upon oratory as a morally neutral skill that could serve good or bad ends. He regarded it, as many now regard spin, as rotten through and through. More often than not, belief requires trust and so an inquiry into persuasion which honors that trust, will be in part an inquiry into how to discipline trust so that it becomes the expression of good judgment rather than gullibility, for example. Reason, its limits, judgment, trust, sobriety, and realism as these show themselves in ethics and politics is the topic.

00:00 Talk
40:04 Q and A

#philosophy #ethics #moralphilosophy



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