Diabetes type 1 and an important thing you can stop worrying about.

The post S2 E035 Diabetes Type 1 appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

  Addison’s Disease Addison’s = Primary adrenocortical insufficiency More frequently in women than in men. Causes Autoimmune problem is 80% of the cause. TB Genetic disorders Removal of adrenals Adrenal infarct Etc. Clinical findings Sparse axillary and pubic hair Hyperpigmentation of skin especially of creases or pressure areas (waistband/bra line) Hypotension, generally systolic under 110 […]

The post S2 E034 Addison’s disease appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

The Hypothalamic, Pituitary Adrenal Axis In response to low serum cortisol or stress the hypothalamus secretes corticotropin releasing factor (CRF). In response to CRF the pituitary releases adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). In response to ACTH the adrenal glands secrete cortisol In response to elevated cortisol levels the hypothalamus decreases production of CRF Cortisol Produced by the […]

The post S2 E033 Cushing’s Syndrome appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

Parathyroid There are four parathyroid glands located adjacent Produces parathyroid hormone (PTH) PTH increases calcium concentration in the bloodstream in response to low serum calcium Hyperparathyroidism Affects women 3:1 over men Primary Typically this is caused by an adenoma Maybe hyperplasia or carcinoma. Secondary Chronic renal failure Poor production of vitamin D which will decrease […]

The post S2 E032 The Parathyroid appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

  Thyroiditis Inflammation of the thyroid Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis Subacute thyroiditis Also known as granulomatous thyroiditis, de Quervain’s thyroiditis and giant cell thyroiditis Thought to be caused by a virus. Postpartum thyroiditis Believed to be autoimmune Occurs in 7.2% of women post delivery Riedel thyroiditis Invasive fibrous, woody, ligneous are […]

The post S2 E031 Thyroiditis and Thyroid Cancer appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

Disorders of the Thyroid Hormones TSH = thyroid stimulating hormone Created and secreted by the anterior pituitary T4 = thyroxine T3 = triiodothyronine Primary caused by disease in the thyroid Secondary Caused by diseases in the hypothalamus or pituitary Hyperthyroidism Elevated levels of free T4 and T3 Amiodarone may cause thyrotoxicosis Causes Graves disease The […]

The post S2 E30 Thyroid hyper-hypo appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

Aortic Aneurysm, Peripheral Artery Disease, Giant Cell Arteritis

The post S2 E029 Arteries appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

Today we discuss Veins and some crazy spartan ways to get your work done.

The post S2 E028 Veins, Veins, Veins appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

Atherosclerosis Components of atherosclerosis Lipid deposition Fibrosis Calcifications Plaque in the intima of medium and large blood vessels Atherosclerosis is the number one cause of cardiac-related death and disability. Risk Factors HTN Dyslipidemia Smoking Diabetes Advancing age Family history Males to Female = 4:1 Clinical Presentation No symptoms at all Symptoms of ischemia by location […]

The post S2 E027 Atherosclerosis and Dyslipidemia: A review for the PANC appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.

The rest of heart murmurs

The post S2 E026 Finishing up Heart Murmurs for the PANCE appeared first on Physician Assistant Exam Review.