Randy and Jim discuss modular variables and how looking at an infinite number of slits in a diffraction grating can better elucidate the process of quantum interference than the two-slit experiment.

Jim and Randy talk about two paradoxes that help describe the Aharonov-Bohm effect. This requires an excursion into the gauge invariance of the vector potential of electrodynamics -- and how that gauge has real effects in quantum theory, even though it did not in classical physics.

Randy and Jim discuss the completeness of quantum theory via the EPR Paradox, Bell's Theorem, and the Aspect Experiment and they discuss the Block Universe and David Bohm's interpretation of quantum mechanics.

Jim and Randy discuss the meaning of consistency, black body radiation, the Compton effect, uncertainty relationships, single-slit diffraction, and the clock in a box paradox.

Randy and Jim discuss paradoxes in general, some quantum effects, what paradoxes mean to physics, and the twin paradox.