Planetary science has entered a period of remarkable visibility and scientific achievement in the United States this August. Observers across the country are witnessing a rare parade in the morning skies, according to Sky at Night Magazine, with Mercury, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune all visible alongside the Moon. Saturn and Neptune rise high in the southern sky before dawn, with Uranus moving eastward below the Pleiades star cluster. Mercury is becoming prominent during the latter half of the month after passing close to the Sun, and this grouping offers an exceptional opportunity for both casual and professional skywatchers to witness planetary alignment. However, experts advise caution when using telescopes or binoculars near sunrise.

NASA recently highlighted additional skywatching marvels, reporting a striking close conjunction of Jupiter and Venus on August eleventh and twelfth. Although the Perseid meteor shower’s peak was dulled by a bright Moon, the Dumbbell Nebula is providing astronomers and amateurs alike a glimpse into stellar evolution in real time. NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, based in Southern California, continues its outreach and public engagement with weekly updates and guides for observing these celestial events.

Major US-based planetary missions have reached key milestones. NASA announced on August nineteenth that its Psyche spacecraft captured detailed images of Earth and the Moon from nearly one hundred eighty million miles away as it calibrates instruments for its journey to the asteroid Psyche. Psyche is led by Arizona State University with operations managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena. The next target for Psyche is a Mars flyby scheduled for May twenty twenty-six, where it will use the planet’s gravity to slingshot toward the asteroid belt. The spacecraft was launched from Kennedy Space Center in October twenty twenty-three, marking one of NASA’s flagship missions in asteroid science. The mission’s success so far underscores robust interdisciplinary collaboration between academic institutions, private industry, and NASA’s various centers.

The SpaceX Starship Super Heavy rocket, scheduled to launch its tenth flight from Starbase in Texas on August twenty-seventh, represents continued private sector involvement in planetary exploration capabilities and rapid launch cadence. Additionally, Rocket Lab is set to launch a HASTE rocket from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia with a classified government payload, illustrating the steady increase of research and defense-related scientific launches within the United States.

Beyond planetary observation and mission launches, the Carnegie Science’s Earth and Planets Laboratory hosted a workshop in Washington, D. C. from August twelfth to fifteenth to debut the Time-Integrated Matrix for Earth Sciences, or TIMES. This program intends to support interdisciplinary research across planetary geology, atmospheric chemistry, and geodynamics.

Meanwhile, worldwide, Europe’s JUICE spacecraft approaches a Venus flyby on August thirty-first, part of an international effort to study Jupiter’s moons, showing emerging patterns of multinational cooperation in outer planet research. As evidenced by growing collaboration and new technological achievements, planetary science in the United States and abroad continues to demonstrate both dynamic advancement and increasing public engagement.

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In the past week, planetary science in the United States has been marked by progress on major missions, collaborative workshops, and significant scientific discoveries. NASA's Artemis Two Orion spacecraft moved one step closer to its historic launch as it completed a key transition at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on August tenth. This mission will send astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, Christina Koch, and Canadian astronaut Jeremy Hansen on a crewed journey around the Moon. Artemis Two marks the first human flight for NASA's Artemis campaign, which is focused on returning Americans to the lunar surface and preparing for future human exploration of Mars, demonstrating renewed momentum in crewed planetary research according to NASA.

Meanwhile, NASA began inviting media to preview its second Mars simulated mission in Houston, Texas. The initiative offers an immersive habitat that will help scientists understand the challenges faced during long-duration missions on Mars, further supporting the agency's Moon to Mars goals. At a national level, a virtual NASA Astrobiology Update will be held August twentieth, detailing the Astrobiology Program's strategic goals, recent scientific collaborations, and updates on search-for-life technology studies according to Astrobiology.com.

On the scientific instrumentation front, the International Workshop on Instrumentation for Planetary Missions convened in Boulder, Colorado from August fourth to sixth, drawing U.S. and global experts. The meeting focused on enabling technology for future missions, including discussions about the highly anticipated Uranus Orbiter and Probe, asteroid exploration, and ambitious lunar initiatives. Organizers highlighted how these advances are directly tied to priorities established by NASA's Planetary Decadal Surveys.

Recent observational breakthroughs also surfaced this week. The SETI Institute showcased new findings from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, featuring a complex nebula around a dying star, possibly shaped by interactions with a companion star. An international team using the Hubble Space Telescope significantly refined the rotation period of Uranus by analyzing its aurorae, improving our understanding of planet interiors and atmospheric dynamics.

Globally, the discovery of ingredients essential to life around a newly forming star has generated excitement in the planetary science community, as highlighted by astrophysicist Dr Becky Smethurst. This suggests planetary systems may develop the building blocks for life more frequently than previously thought, deepening interest in exoplanet studies.

Across these events, several trends have emerged. Continued international collaboration remains central, with expertise pooled from various nations and institutions. Technology and data from missions like Artemis and lunar simulators are being rapidly translated to address broader scientific questions, such as planetary habitability and solar system evolution. With key launches and research initiatives set in the coming months, planetary science in the U.S. stands at the threshold of transformative discoveries and interplanetary exploration.

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NASA has marked a significant milestone this week with its PUNCH mission, dedicated to studying the Sun's outer atmosphere and the solar wind. As of August 7, all four suitcase-sized PUNCH spacecraft have entered their final science orbits around Earth, distributed along the day-night boundary. This unique configuration gives scientists an uninterrupted global view of the Sun's dynamic corona and helps track solar wind events travelling from the Sun all the way to our planet. The Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado leads the project, and the four spacecraft will combine data from their Narrow Field and Wide Field Imagers to create detailed mosaics of solar weather events. This effort will contribute to U.S. planetary scientists’ understanding of space weather and its effects on Earth and our technological systems.

Boulder, Colorado also hosted the sixth International Workshop on Instrumentation for Planetary Missions last week, overseen by the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics and supported by NASA. The hybrid meeting drew about 180 scientists, engineers, and mission planners from around the globe, focusing on the development of new technologies and instruments that will shape future U.S. planetary missions. The discussions emphasized the next big science targets highlighted in the Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey, including advanced lunar exploration, asteroid understanding for planetary defense, and a dedicated mission to Uranus. Experts shared lessons learned from past missions and exchanged ideas about instrumentation that can help answer major scientific questions about our Moon, the composition and structure of asteroids, and the enigmatic nature of ice giants.

The United States continues to make progress on human exploration with the Artemis II Orion spacecraft, which recently moved to a new stage of readiness at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. This spacecraft will carry three NASA astronauts and one Canadian astronaut on a mission around the Moon, marking the first crewed flight of the Artemis program. Artemis is designed to return Americans to the lunar surface, laying the groundwork for deeper solar system exploration, including Mars.

On a wider scale, August 2025 brings exciting skywatching opportunities in the northern hemisphere, as reported by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. A close conjunction of Jupiter and Venus will be at its peak around August 11 and 12, and six planets with the Moon will be visible above the horizon just before sunrise. The annual Perseid meteor shower will also occur, though a bright Moon could make viewing more difficult this year.

These recent events highlight a season of progress and collaboration in U.S. planetary science, with emerging instrumentation, ambitious missions, and vibrant international exchanges. Patterns reveal an emphasis on both lunar and asteroid research for Earth’s defense, broad community involvement, and ongoing preparations for missions to new solar system frontiers.

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NASA marked a major milestone this week with the return of the SpaceX Crew-10 mission. On August ninth, Crew-10 became the first Commercial Crew mission to splash down in the Pacific Ocean off the California coast, concluding a five-month research expedition on the International Space Station. NASA astronauts Anne McClain and Nichole Ayers, joined by Takuya Onishi from the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and cosmonaut Kirill Peskov from Roscosmos, brought back critical time-sensitive research to Earth. According to NASA, the crew conducted dozens of experiments in microgravity, focusing on materials science, biological systems, and planetary analog research while in low Earth orbit, which will help shape future deep space missions and lunar exploration efforts.

Meanwhile, Boulder, Colorado has been a hub for planetary scientists and engineers at the sixth International Workshop on Instrumentation for Planetary Missions. The gathering, which wrapped up on August sixth, brought together leading experts to discuss technology advances for upcoming missions targeting the Moon, asteroids, and the outer planets, with sessions on topics such as the Uranus orbiter and lunar exploration opportunities. The workshop highlighted how next-generation spacecraft instruments are enabling more detailed study of planetary surfaces and environments, pushing the boundaries of what can be learned from robotic explorers.

On the observational front, the United States and the rest of the Northern Hemisphere witnessed the so-called August planet parade, where Mercury, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune appeared together in the early morning sky just before sunrise. Sky at Night Magazine and NASA reported that this rare alignment captured the attention of both amateur astronomers and the public, though Mars remained absent from the spectacle as it was positioned too close to the Sun. In addition, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory drew attention to planetary conjunctions for August, most notably the close encounter of Venus and Jupiter on the eleventh and twelfth, and a pairing of Saturn and Neptune several days earlier. The Perseid meteor shower, peaking this week, became less visible than usual due to the brightness of the nearly full Moon, but some bright meteors were still spotted in the pre-dawn hours.

Beyond these visual highlights, several high-profile U S missions remain on the horizon for 2025. The Planetary Society notes anticipation for NASA’s SPHEREx and PUNCH missions to Earth orbit, the EscaPADE Mars mission, and private lunar lander attempts by Astrobotic and Intuitive Machines. This pace of research, collaboration, and exploration underscores the United States’ leading role in planetary science while marking a period of significant international cooperation and technology advancement. Public engagement remains high as Americans look up to the sky and forward to humanity’s next steps across the solar system.

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Planetary science is making headlines across the United States as August 2025 begins, with both research developments and celestial events drawing attention to our solar system and beyond. In Boulder, Colorado, planetary scientists, engineers, and students from across the world are gathering for the International Workshop on Instrumentation for Planetary Missions, which runs from August 4 to 6. This workshop centers on the latest technology and instruments used in current and future planetary missions, with a special focus on mission concepts for Uranus, asteroid exploration, and new opportunities for lunar exploration. The meeting highlights the importance of next-generation tools needed to address fundamental questions about other worlds and supports critical missions outlined in the NASA Planetary Decadal Surveys.

Meanwhile, skywatchers and researchers are closely tracking several remarkable events visible across the country. A highlight is the close approach of Jupiter and Venus, the two brightest planets in the night sky, which reach their closest point in the eastern sky before sunrise on August 11 and 12. According to NASA, this rare conjunction is easily visible with the naked eye and is accompanied by Saturn rising earlier each evening. Saturn itself features in a celestial pairing with Neptune on August 6, while its largest moon Titan is predicted to cast two prominent shadows across the planet’s disk earlier and later in the month, potentially observable with medium to large telescopes. The annual Perseid meteor shower also peaks on August 12 and 13, although moonlight from a nearly full moon will make viewing conditions less favorable than usual, with only the brightest meteors visible before dawn.

In planetary defense, NASA has placed asteroid 2025 OT7 under close observation as it makes a near-pass by Earth on August 5. This asteroid, with a diameter of about 170 feet, will speed past at more than 48,000 miles per hour and come within about 2.7 million miles of our planet. Events like this reinforce the importance of monitoring near-Earth objects and highlight the dynamic nature of our solar system.

On the human spaceflight front, NASA successfully launched the Crew Eleven mission from Kennedy Space Center in Florida on August 1. The team, including astronauts from NASA, Japan, and Russia, is making its way toward the International Space Station to support a long-duration mission that will include planetary science investigations in orbit.

Emerging patterns show that planetary science in the United States remains strongly focused on both robotic and human exploration, the advancement of observation technology, and real-time monitoring of planetary threats. Across national and global collaborations, scientists are driving new discoveries while also inspiring public participation, whether in workshops, professional research, or early morning stargazing.

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Recent weeks have seen major developments in planetary science across the United States and worldwide. In a significant policy move, the United States Senate advanced a spending bill that preserves funding for NASA science in 2025 at seven point three billion dollars, protecting crucial planetary science missions including the Near-Earth Object Surveyor, Dragonfly, and the Roman Space Telescope. This legislative stance counters earlier proposed cuts and signals a continued commitment to supporting both ongoing and upcoming planetary missions. The bill also boosts funding for missions previously at risk of cancellation, such as OSIRIS-APEX, the New Frontiers program, and the U.S. partnership in Europe’s Rosalind Franklin Mars rover, although the budget still faces political uncertainties before it becomes law, according to The Planetary Society.

In research news from Purdue University, planetary scientists contributed to resolving a longstanding mystery about Ceres, the largest object in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Dawn spacecraft data had hinted at an unusually water-rich composition for Ceres, yet the preservation of deep craters seemed inconsistent with a surface dominated by ice. Recent modeling by a team including Mike Sori and Jennifer Scully from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory suggests that Ceres’ upper crust contains a thick ice-rich layer that froze over time, protecting its deeper craters and helping scientists better understand its geological evolution.

Meanwhile, NASA’s Perseverance rover in Jezero Crater on Mars may be holding samples that will allow scientists to date the activity of what could be a newly discovered Martian volcano. Data from Perseverance indicate the existence of volcanic rocks near the landing site, and if confirmed, this would mark the first time in planetary science that the timing of volcanic activity has been precisely determined on another planet, as discussed by researchers at Purdue and in the publication New Scientist.

Outside the United States, a new interstellar object dubbed Three I Atlas has been detected, marking only the third such object identified as having entered our solar system from interstellar space. NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory is closely tracking this visitor, studying both its trajectory and composition, which may offer clues about the types of materials found between the stars. Europe has also begun construction on the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, or LISA, a pioneering gravitational wave observatory that will operate in space, promising new insights into both planetary and cosmic evolution.

In the realm of planetary imaging, NASA’s SPHEREx mission released striking infrared images of interstellar clouds like the Vela Molecular Ridge, while New Horizons continues to reveal Pluto’s jagged landscapes. The International Space Station provided vivid photos of the aurora australis from orbit over the Southern Ocean. Collectively, these developments reveal a planetary science community that is vibrant, well-funded in the United States, and increasingly global in its pursuit of understanding planetary formation, habitability, and the broader processes shaping worlds throughout our solar system and beyond.

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NASA’s planetary science efforts have been in the spotlight across the United States over the past week, marked by both exciting launches and continued observations across the solar system. On July 23, NASA successfully launched its latest mission called Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites, or TRACERS, from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. This twin-satellite project will explore how Earth’s magnetic shield protects our planet from the impacts of space weather by studying a phenomenon known as magnetic reconnection, which shapes how energy and material are transferred from the solar wind into our magnetosphere. According to NASA, this mission should yield new insights into the interactions between our planet and the Sun, potentially informing forecasts of solar storms that can disrupt space-based technologies and power grids.

Simultaneously, NASA and the Indian Space Research Organisation have been preparing for the launch of NISAR, short for NASA ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar. The satellite, set to launch from Sriharikota on India’s southeastern coast on July 30, will use advanced radar to monitor changes in the Earth’s land and ice, supporting everything from disaster response to ecosystem monitoring. This collaboration has been applauded by leaders from both countries as a landmark in US–India space cooperation and its direct applications for understanding global climatic and tectonic activity.

Skywatchers in the US have enjoyed clear views of Mars, Venus, and Jupiter this month, as detailed by NASA’s July 2025 skywatching recommendations. Mars gleams in the evening sky, Mercury can be caught just after sunset, and Jupiter is becoming more visible every morning. The continuous activity of NASA’s fleet of satellites—recently visualized in a sweeping tour of the solar system—shows American spacecraft presently studying Mars, Jupiter, and the edges of our solar system with missions like Juno, Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and New Horizons all still active.

Turning to planetary defense, NASA reported that asteroid 2025 OL1, about 110 feet in diameter and traveling nearly 17000 miles per hour, made a close and safe approach to Earth on July 30. While the flyby posed no threat, it provided researchers valuable data to enhance near-Earth object detection and risk assessment strategies.

Finally, planetary science in the United States has also seen Earth-based excitement, with the SETI Institute spotlighting new images from NASA’s SPHEREx mission that reveal new structures in distant regions of space, such as the Vela molecular ridge. Purdue University’s planetary science team has been active as well, contributing to major lunar and astronomical research. Emerging patterns point to robust international collaboration, heightened focus on Earth’s dynamic systems, and steady progress in space weather and planetary defense, reflecting a broadening global approach to planetary science.

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In the past week, Planetary Science in the United States has seen significant developments driven by both ambitious missions and important political actions. The most high-profile event came from California, where NASA successfully launched its Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites, known as TRACERS, on July twenty third. Liftoff occurred at Space Launch Complex Four East at Vandenberg Space Force Base, with both spacecraft quickly establishing communications after separating from the SpaceX Falcon Nine rocket. This mission will study how Earth's magnetic shield protects the planet from the hazardous effects of space weather, focusing on phenomena near the polar cusp at the North Pole. By analyzing magnetic reconnection events, TRACERS aims to answer fundamental questions about the Sun's influence on our planet, which has implications for astronauts, satellites, and technologies sensitive to solar storms. Accompanying TRACERS were three small NASA satellites, Athena EPIC, Polylingual Experimental Terminal, and Relativistic Electron Atmospheric Loss, each tasked with testing new science instruments and data gathering techniques, further demonstrating the growing role of smaller, cost-effective spacecraft in exploratory science, according to NASA.

Alongside mission accomplishments, the ongoing debate in Congress over NASA's future funding has drawn wide attention. The Planetary Society reports that the United States Senate is advocating for a budget of seven point three billion dollars for NASA's science divisions, promising to sustain vital projects such as NEO Surveyor, Dragonfly, and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. Notably, this funding would also support missions previously at risk of cancellation, like OSIRIS-APEX and the American contribution to Europe's Rosalind Franklin Rover. However, political uncertainty remains as the Senate and House work to reconcile differences in their spending bills. The White House budget office's potential legal challenge to Congressional allocations could reshape how space science is funded in years to come.

While the spotlight remains on the United States, international achievements have also been celebrated this week. The European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope captured detailed images of a supernova remnant, marking the first photographic evidence for a double-detonation event. In addition, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope marked its third anniversary by imaging the Cat’s Paw Nebula, revealing previously unknown details about star formation and the impact of young massive stars.

These developments point to several key trends. There is a clear emphasis on space weather research, as both government and scientific communities recognize the growing risks our technologies and daily lives face from solar activity. Funding battles in Washington highlight how advocacy and public engagement continue to play crucial roles in determining priorities for planetary science. Lastly, the use of small satellites and international collaboration are shaping a more dynamic, resilient approach to exploring our solar system and beyond.

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The past week has been highly eventful for planetary science in the United States, anchored by the successful launch of NASA’s TRACERS mission from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California on July twenty second. According to NASA, the twin Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites are now orbiting Earth’s poles at about three hundred sixty miles above the surface. These satellites will be focusing on the Earth’s magnetosphere, specifically studying magnetic reconnection events. Magnetic reconnection is a key phenomenon in space weather where solar material interacts with our planet’s magnetic shield, sometimes sending solar wind particles directly into the atmosphere at high speeds. Understanding these events is critical for protecting satellites, global communications, GPS systems, and astronauts, as space weather has wide-ranging effects on technology and even power grids. The mission, led by the University of Iowa and supported by teams at the Southwest Research Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, and University of California at Berkeley, will track at least three thousand reconnection events over the coming year. The project incorporates advanced instrumentation and is managed by NASA's Heliophysics Explorers Program Office at Goddard Space Flight Center with launch oversight by Kennedy Space Center.

On the same flight, three NASA-funded small satellites also deployed. Among these, Athena EPIC, developed at NASA Langley Research Center in Virginia, is designed to streamline remote sensing missions, while the Polylingual Experimental Terminal will test seamless communication across multiple space networks. The sequence of these launches reflects a growing emphasis on cost-effective, modular experimentation within planetary and space sciences.

Legislatively, The Planetary Society’s Space Advocate Newsletter reports congressional efforts to preserve robust NASA science funding at seven point three billion dollars in the Senate’s proposed budget, which protects major planetary science projects from significant cuts. These include in-development missions like NEO Surveyor, which will catalog near-Earth objects, and Dragonfly, which is slated to explore Saturn’s moon Titan. While political negotiations remain unsettled, decision-makers are signaling renewed bipartisan support for planetary science—an important trend as public interest and private sector engagement both continue to rise.

Internationally, attention remains sharp on new findings from space telescopes and missions. The James Webb Space Telescope team in the United States released a new image of the Cat’s Paw Nebula, revealing fresh details about star formation processes. Global collaborative missions, such as sample returns from asteroids and planetary defense initiatives, demonstrate that planetary science research is increasingly interconnected, with data from ground-based telescopes and private launches complementing government-funded projects. This convergence of innovative missions, legislative backing, and international partnership underscores planetary science’s rapidly evolving and resilient nature as the field advances deeper into the second half of twenty twenty five.

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The past week in planetary science has brought several significant developments in the United States and beyond. NASA is preparing to launch its Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites, or TRACERS, mission on July 22 from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. This mission aims to study how solar wind interacts with Earth's magnetosphere, a key factor in understanding space weather effects on power grids, satellites, and the safety of astronauts. Alongside TRACERS, three NASA-funded small satellites will join the launch. These include Athena EPIC, which demonstrates rapid deployment of remote-sensing instruments, and PExT, which will test advanced space communications capabilities managed by NASA’s program for Space Communications and Navigation.

Another major milestone involves Blue Origin’s New Glenn rocket. The company announced that its second flight, designated NG-2, will carry the NASA EscaPADE mission to Mars. EscaPADE, short for Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers, consists of two spacecraft developed by the Space Sciences Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley in collaboration with NASA. This will not only be New Glenn’s first interplanetary mission but also the first multi-spacecraft science mission to study the Martian magnetosphere. The EscaPADE satellites were originally scheduled for an earlier launch, but NASA decided to reschedule after delays with the rocket’s debut.

In crewed spaceflight, NASA and SpaceX are targeting July 31 for the Crew-11 mission to the International Space Station, launching from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The crew includes NASA astronauts Zena Cardman and Mike Fincke, with international collaboration highlighted by the participation of a Japanese and a Russian astronaut. This mission has been moved forward from August to clear the schedule for an upcoming Cargo Dragon mission that will also perform a demonstration to boost the space station’s orbit.

Meanwhile, NASA’s budgetary and administrative landscape is evolving. NASA has released its much-delayed research solicitation for 2025, but with an eighty percent reduction in grant funding from last year because of ongoing federal budget uncertainty. In a significant administrative maneuver, President Trump replaced Acting NASA Administrator Janet Petro with Secretary of Transportation Sean Duffy. This marks the first time an official from another federal department is temporarily running NASA, reflecting the unusual political climate as the administration looks for a permanent agency leader.

Globally, excitement is building over the discovery of 3I ATLAS, the third known interstellar object to pass through the Solar System. This rare event, discussed widely in astrophysics circles, brings new opportunities to study objects that originated beyond our Solar System and could offer fresh insights into planetary formation and chemistry elsewhere in the galaxy.

Observers in the United States are also enjoying a vivid skywatching season, with Mars prominent in evening skies, Jupiter joining Venus toward dawn, and the Delta Aquariid meteor shower peaking at the end of July. The broad range of developments, from hardware launches in California to international crewed missions in Florida, administrative shifts in Washington, and rare discoveries in deep space, underscores the dynamism and complexity of planetary science in 2025.

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