感士不遇赋序昔董仲舒作《士不遇赋》，司马子长又为之。余尝于三余之日，讲习之暇，读其文，慨然惆怅。夫履信思顺，生人之善行，抱朴守静，君子之笃Dǔ素。自真风告逝，大伪斯兴，闾阎Lǘyán懈廉退之节，市朝驱易进之心。怀正志道之士，或潜玉于当年；洁己清操之人，或没世以徒勤。故夷皓有“安归”之叹，三闾发“已矣”之哀。悲夫！寓形百年，而瞬息已尽，立行之难，而一城莫赏。此古人所以染翰慷慨，屡伸而不能已者也。夫导达意气，其惟文乎？抚卷踌躇，遂感而赋之。******感士不遇赋咨大块之受气，何斯人之独灵！禀神志以藏照，秉三五而垂名。或击壤以自欢，或大济于苍生；靡潜跃之非分，常傲然以称情。

世流浪而遂徂cú，物群分以相形。密网裁而鱼骇，宏罗制而鸟惊。彼达人之善觉，乃逃禄而归耕。山嶷nì嶷而怀影，川汪汪而藏声。望轩唐而永叹，甘贫贱以辞荣。淳源汩以长分，美恶作其异途。原百行之攸贵，莫为善之可娱Yú。奉上天之成命，师圣人之遗书。发忠孝于君亲，生信义于乡闾。推诚心而获显，不矫然而祈誉。

嗟乎！雷同毁异，物恶其上；妙算者谓迷，直道者云妄。坦至公而无猜，卒蒙耻以受谤。虽怀琼而握兰，徒芳洁而谁亮！

哀哉！士之不遇，已不在炎帝帝魁之世。独祗zhī修以自勤，岂三省之或废；庶进德以及时，时既至而不惠。无爰(袁)生之晤言，念张季之终蔽；愍mìn冯叟于郎署，赖魏守以纳计。虽仅然于必知，亦苦心而旷岁。审夫市之无虎，眩三夫之献说。悼贾傅之秀朗，纡Yū远辔于促界。悲董相之渊致，屡乘危而幸济。感哲人之无偶，泪淋浪以洒袂。承前王之清诲，曰天道之无亲；澄得一以作鉴，恒辅善而佑仁。夷投老以长饥，回早夭而又贫；伤请车以备椁guǒ，悲茹薇而殒身；虽好学与行义，何死生之苦辛！疑报德之若兹，惧斯言之虚陈。何旷世之无才，罕无路之不涩。伊古人之慷慨，病奇名之不立。

广结发以从政，不愧赏于万邑；屈雄志于戚竖，竟尺土之莫及；留诚信于身后，动众人之悲泣。商尽规以拯Zhěng弊，言始顺而患入。奚良辰之易倾，胡害胜其乃急！

苍旻mín遐缅，人事无已；有感有昧，畴测其理！宁固穷以济意，不委曲而累己。既轩冕之非荣，岂缊yùn袍之为耻？诚谬会以取拙，且欣然而归止。拥孤襟以毕岁，谢良价于朝市。

*****过去董仲舒写过一篇《士不遇赋》，后来司马迁也写了一篇《悲士不遇赋》。我曾经利用茶余饭后以及讲课练习的空隙，阅读了他们的作品，深为感慨哀伤。遵守信义，不忘忠孝，是人类的美好品德；胸怀淳朴，心地清静无欲，是君子一贯的志向。自从纯真的风尚消失，于是虚伪作秀之风盛行，廉洁谦让的操行在民间渐被淡忘，追逐高官厚禄向上爬在官场上日益泛滥。一些胸怀正直、信守大道的贤士，正当壮年却无法出仕，他们清正廉洁，却终生在庄稼地忙活。所以伯夷、叔齐和商山四皓都有“回哪儿去”的悲叹，三闾大夫屈原发出“算了吧”的哀号。可悲啊！人生百年，转眼即逝，建立功业十分艰难，却得不到应得的赐爵封地。这就是古人慷慨挥笔、一再表述而难尽其情的缘故。能够抒发性情意志的，大概只有文章吧？抚弄着古人的书卷反复思考，我深有感触写下这篇文章。

&&&&承载天地之气孕育而成，只有人类成为万物之灵！蕴含智慧与光明，凭三才五常贤士得以留名。有的人在乡野击壤游戏自乐，有的人出仕做官造福百姓。隐居还是做官都合乎本分，总是傲然独立、适合自己的性情。

时光流逝上古盛世成为过去，好人坏人各自汇聚成群。渔网编织的很密鱼就会惊惧，罗网越大飞鸟就越害怕。通达明智的人善于察觉陷阱，于是放弃官禄重回田园。苍山高远包裹着他们的身影，大河澎湃遮蔽了他们的声音。遥想尧舜盛世止不住叹息，(现在)高士们甘居贫贱、推掉荣耀虚名。河水在源头清澈，流的远了就会浑浊，社会发展，善恶就会分开，各行其道。推究世间万事什么最可贵，只有行善才最令人快乐。他们遵奉上天既定的命令，效法圣人亲手传下来的书卷。忠于君主孝敬双亲，在乡里躬行信义。真心实意做事而获得显达，不矫揉造作博取虚名。

可叹哪！人们随声附和、诽谤异己，憎恨别人超过自己；把巧妙推测的人说成迷惑，把说实话的人说成狂妄。坦诚公正了无猜忌，最终仍会遭受诽谤，蒙受羞耻。即使怀藏美玉手握兰草，徒然芳香高洁谁会在意你？

悲哀呀！贤士不被重用，那是没赶上炎帝、帝魁时的太平盛世。他们恭敬勤快地说话做事，反复自省不敢废弃！修治德行总是等待良机，但机会来了却不顺利。若非袁盎当面向皇帝推荐，想必张季将永远默默无闻；冯唐年老官职卑微，凭借给魏尚辩解才得以升官。他们勉强说得上遇到知己，却在愁苦中荒废了很多年。明知街市上确实没有老虎，三人说有皇上便会受到迷惑。可怜贾谊才华出众，这匹千里马却只能在狭窄的圈里扑腾。可悲董仲舒学识渊博，屡遭危难，侥幸不死。感慨哲人总是孤独无依，眼泪鼻涕沾湿了我的衣袖。恭承前代圣贤明明教诲，说是天道无私无亲；天道澄清如同明镜，它总是辅助善者保佑仁人。伯夷叔齐到老却挨饿，颜回早死家境贫穷；可怜颜回没有棺材，要孔子卖车才能下葬，可怜伯夷叔齐吃草活活饿死；颜回好学伯夷叔齐行仁义，为何他们死的艰难辛酸？如此报答德行令人疑心，天道无私的说法恐怕是空话。哪里是整个世代没有贤才，只是因为条条道路都被阻塞。古人所以感慨悲叹，忧虑不能建立功名。

李广年少就从军杀敌，屡立大功封万户侯也值得；雄心壮心却屈从于外戚小人，最终他一尺土地也没有得到；死后留下真诚信义，感动众人为他痛哭流涕。王商拯救弊端尽心劝谏，开始顺利后来祸患殃及。为何大好机会容易毁灭，为何陷害贤良却那么急迫？

苍天遥远，人事不停地变化；有些我看的明白有些迷惑，谁能看透其中的道理？我宁愿守着贫穷，顺着自己的心意，不想扭曲自己的心志折磨自己。既然宽车大帽、高官厚禄不算荣耀，难道破衣漏鞋、隐居不仕就是羞耻？我的领会未必正确，还是采用笨方法，暂且心满意足回家种田吧！孤单单安度余生，不去官场谋求丰厚待遇。

咏贫士四

安贫守贱者，自古有黔娄qián lóu。好爵吾不荣，厚馈吾不酬。一旦寿命尽，弊服仍不周。岂不知其极，非道故无忧。从来将千载，未复见斯俦Chóu。朝与仁义生，夕死复何求。

' ' '历史上安贫守贱的，有黔娄夫妇。高官厚禄我不稀罕，也不觉得荣耀。一旦死了，穷的连遮身的那条破布，都盖不全。难道不知道会这么极端穷困吗？不关乎道何须担忧呢！后来上千年，再没有见过象这样的人。早上理解了道义，晚上就死也无所遗憾。

' ' 'Among the gentlemen happy with poor and low life in history,there were Qian Lou couple.They were not hungry for high official position and thick compensation,and they did not think that as glory.When died, so poor, the sheet couldn't cover both his head and feet.Why didn't they know of extremely poverty?If it is not about Track, why should they worry?up to 1000 years passed since, nobody like them was seen again.If understand Track/virtue in the morning,even die in the night has no regret for them, for me.

Praise the Poor 7 by Tao YuanmingThere was a Huang Zilian, when he served in a big county,he wore high caps and wide belt, quite comfortable.Once he resigned and return to field,his living was so poor, bitterer than anybody.At no harvest year his wife was so worried,wept at him with tears and snivel:even if you have noble ambition, you should also worry about children's living.Yesterday Hui Sun met with me and gave thick contribution,I just regret I didn't collect.who said stay in poor and keep virtue is difficult,you see this past practitioner is so high, up to sky.

咏贫士 7 黄子廉过去有个黄子廉，在大州做官时高帽宽带，甚是舒坦。一旦辞官归隐，日子特别清贫，比任何人都苦。碰上荒年老妻特别担心，对他流着眼泪鼻涕请求：就算您的志向再高尚，也应该为儿女的日子担忧啊。昨天惠孙先生和我会面厚赠，可叹我最后没有收啊！谁说固穷守节困难，你看这位修行多么高尚啊！

咏贫士7昔有黄子廉，弹冠佐名州。一朝辞吏归，清贫略难俦。年饥感仁妻，泣涕向我流。丈夫虽有志，固为儿女忧。惠孙一晤叹，腆贈竟莫酬。谁云固穷难，邈哉此前修。

Zhong Wei liked to stay in his poor house.wild grass surrounding, so high to bury people.Nobody made friends with him, but he wrote excellent poems.Nobody knew him in the world, only one Liu Gong understood him.Why is the guy so lone? really because nobody is similar with him.In straight way he stayed in his things, he didn't care about poor or promotion.Not smart at dealing with others, temporarily I just follow him for ever.' ' ' ‘ ’ ‘咏贫士6仲蔚喜欢住在穷地方，宅院四周都是蒿草飞蓬，高的没mò人。没有任何人跟他交往，他寂静地生活，但他的诗歌写得很棒。全世界没有人知道他，只有一个刘龚理解他。这个人怎么这么孤独呢？实在是没有人和他类似。耿直地安守他的事儿，穷困还是通达并不在意。我不大擅长和人们搞交往，暂且就一直陪着他吧。‘ ’ ‘咏贫士6仲蔚爱穷居，绕宅生藁hāo蓬。翳Yì 然绝交游，赋诗颇能工。举世无知者，止有一刘龚Gōng。此士胡独然，实由罕所同。介焉安其业，所乐非穷通。人事固以拙，聊得长相从。

When Yuan An was trapped in deep snow,he knew no recruit people to clean snow in hunger and cold.When Ruan had sufficient money, he threw off his position at the same day.Dry stalk was warm enough to sleep on,collect wild veg was sufficient for breakfast.Wasn't this living too difficult? what they feared is not hunger and cold.Poor and rich always fight in one's mind,no sad face if Track/virtue wins.He had highest virtue and cleanest moral in his village and serving county.' ' ' 咏贫士 5大雪天袁安僵卧不扫雪，他知道不指使饥寒之中的百姓扫雪。阮公挣够了钱，当天就辞了官。睡在马草上也很暖和，挖野菜做早餐也够了。这样过日子是不是很辛苦？他们害怕的不是自身的饥寒。思想中贫富经常交战，道义胜了就不再是一副苦脸。他的高尚道德、清廉节操在乡里是第一，在他任职的西关闪耀。’ ‘ ’ 咏贫士 5袁安困积雪，邈然不可干。阮公见钱入，即日弃其官。刍藁有常温，采莒足朝餐。岂不实辛苦，所惧非饥寒。贫富常交战，道胜无戚颜。至德冠帮闾，清节映西关。

' ' 'Rong was more than 90 years old, so poor he put on ropes as waist belt,but he was still happy, played strings and sang.Yuan wore stitched clothes and hole shoes, but his voice was clean and highwhen he performed Praise the Shang Dynasty.Shun's age passed away long long ago, so the poor appear every generation.Broken clothes couldn't cover their elbows, wild veg soups were always insufficient.Did they forget light fur and stuffing meals are comfortable?gain not through straight way is not I expect.Ci was eloquent in vain, but he didn't understand my heart.咏贫士3 ' 荣启期老人九十多岁了，穷的用绳子当腰带，依然快乐地弹琴唱歌。原宪先生破衣漏鞋，唱起《商颂》依然清澈嘹亮。虞舜的年代过去很久了，所以贫士世世代代都会出现。破衣服遮不住胳膊肘儿，野菜汤也常常喝不到。他们难道忘了轻裘饱bǎo食会很舒适吗？得非正道不是我所期望的。子贡能言善辩，但他不懂我的心意。‘ ’ ‘ 咏贫士3荣叟老带索，欣然方弹琴。原生纳决履，清歌畅商音。重华去我久，贫士世相寻xún。弊襟不掩肘，藜lí羹常乏斟。岂忘袭轻裘，苟得非所钦。赐也徒能辨，乃不见吾心。

咏贫士一

万族各有托，孤云独无依。暧暧ài空中灭，何时见馀晖。朝霞开宿雾，众鸟相与飞。迟迟出林翮hè，未夕复来归。量力守故辙，岂不寒与饥？知音苟不存，已矣何所悲。

‘’‘ ’ ‘ ’ 世上万物都有依靠，只有天上的孤云飘荡无依。黯然在空中泯灭，哪一天再放光辉？朝霞破开夜雾，群鸟相伴飞翔。迟迟飞出树林，还没到晚上就飞回来。

我使出力气守着薄田旧辙，难道不怕忍饥受冻？知音如果没有了，算了吧，还有什么悲伤的呢？

‘’‘ ’ ‘ ’Praise the Poor 1Everything has a dependence,only the lonely cloud floating in the sky has no base.They die out in silence, when can they shine again?Morning Sun breaks the night fog, birds fly together in flock.Late they fly out of the forest, and come back before the evening.

I bend and plant the thin soil and stay on the old tracks,am I afraid of hunger and freezing?If my soulmate goes away, let it be, for what may I worry again?

learn Chinese poem, stay in poor and satisfied with it