How did a peaceful democratic uprising morph into a civil conflict and regional proxy war? Andrew Tabler, foremost expert on Syria and fellow in the Program on Arab Politics at The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, talks with host Carol Castiel and Begum Ersoz, video journalist in VOAâs Turkish Service about the state of play in Syria. He says a combination of Syrian dictator Bashar al Assadâs brutality, US reticence to forcefully back the rebel opposition under the Obama Administration, and Iran and Russiaâs timely interventions on behalf of Assad, contributed to Syriaâs collapse, which has spawned the largest refugee crisis since World War II.