Who Owns It Now — 2020–Present: In March 2020, upload traffic surged across networks built to carry data in only one direction — and the pipes held. What came next was stranger. As of 2024, four companies control roughly half of all global undersea cable capacity, not through shared consortia but through outright ownership. The final act of Who Owns It Now traces how the physical backbone of the internet moved from public funding to carrier consortia to private corporate infrastructure — and what it means that the kill switch for a battlefield communications network sits in Hawthorne, California.
02:08 — Meta's Waterworth cable: a $10 billion, 50,000-kilometer undersea cable with sole private ownership
06:30 — Starlink and the shift to orbital infrastructure outside state control
10:50 — Amazon's Project Kuiper versus Starlink's seven-thousand-satellite head start
15:09 — China's Great Firewall as an exportable internet architecture
19:29 — The pattern across every cycle: concentration, escape route, survival
23:50 — Gore's 1991 funding bill and what it actually built
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