Quantum Research Now

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# Quantum Research Now: Episode 87

Hello quantum enthusiasts, this is Leo from Quantum Research Now, coming to you on May 3rd, 2025. Today, I want to dive right into some breaking quantum news that's making waves across the tech landscape.

Stanford University just released their 2025 Emerging Technology Review today, and the headline for quantum computing is both sobering and exciting: "Quantum Tech Remains a Long-Term Bet." As someone who's spent the last decade in quantum labs, I find this assessment refreshingly honest. The report acknowledges that while quantum computing continues to advance, its practical applications remain limited.

Think of quantum computing right now as a rocket on the launchpad. We've built it, fueled it, and we're running through pre-flight checks, but we haven't quite achieved liftoff for commercial applications. The engines are firing – we're seeing incredible research breakthroughs – but we're still working on clearing the tower.

This comes just days after Microsoft and Atom Computing made headlines with their bold announcement to launch a commercial quantum computer this year. Atom Computing's approach uses optically trapped neutral atoms – imagine trying to hold smoke in place with tweezers made of light. It's that delicate and that precise.

I was at a conference last month where Atom Computing's researchers demonstrated their latest prototype. The room hummed with the cooling systems as we watched data stream across monitors. There's something magical about standing next to technology that manipulates individual atoms to process information.

Meanwhile, the quantum chip race is heating up with fascinating competitors. French startup Alice & Bob secured an impressive $104 million Series B just four months ago. They're taking a unique approach with cat qubits – named after Schrödinger's famous thought experiment. These specialized superconducting qubits are designed to naturally resist certain types of errors, which could be a game-changer.

Imagine trying to do calculus on a calculator where the numbers randomly change. That's essentially the challenge of quantum computing, and Alice & Bob is working to make those numbers stay put long enough to complete the calculation.

AWS also entered the quantum chip race earlier this year with their Ocelot processor, developed with Caltech. Having cloud computing giants like Amazon join the quantum race signals the growing commercial interest in this technology.

IBM's CEO Arvind Krishna recently predicted "something remarkable" happening in quantum over the next few years. IBM has been steadily advancing their quantum roadmap, working on error correction techniques that could finally make quantum computers practical for real-world problems.

What's fascinating about all these approaches – superconducting qubits, trapped ions, neutral atoms – is that we don't yet know which will ultimately dominate. It reminds me of the early d

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# Quantum Research Now - Episode 87: Breakthroughs in Quantum AI

*[Intro music fades]*

Hello quantum enthusiasts! This is Leo from Quantum Research Now, coming to you on this first day of May 2025. Today's been quite remarkable in the quantum computing landscape, and I can't wait to dive into the exciting developments that are reshaping our technological horizon.

Just this morning, IonQ made headlines with their demonstration of what they're calling "Quantum-Enhanced Applications" specifically designed to advance artificial intelligence. As someone who's spent years in quantum labs watching these technologies evolve, I can tell you this is a significant milestone.

IonQ's announcement today shows they've developed hybrid quantum applications that can optimize materials science properties using quantum-enhanced generative techniques. Think of it like this: traditional AI can suggest recipes based on ingredients you have, but quantum-enhanced AI can actually predict how those ingredients will interact at a molecular level to create the perfect dish.

The implications are profound. While classical computers process information in binary—yes or no, one or zero—quantum systems exploit the strange properties of quantum mechanics to consider multiple possibilities simultaneously. It's like the difference between checking each door in a hallway one by one versus somehow being at every door at once.

I was at a conference last year where IonQ's researchers were discussing early versions of this technology. The energy in that room was electric—you could practically feel the possibilities humming in the air like the cooling systems that keep quantum processors at their near-absolute-zero temperatures.

But IonQ isn't the only company making waves today. Just hours ago, Xanadu announced a collaboration with Applied Materials. Xanadu, based in Toronto, has been pioneering photonic quantum computing—using light particles rather than trapped ions or superconducting circuits.

This partnership represents a convergence of quantum computing with advanced materials science. Imagine being able to design new materials atom by atom, predicting their properties before they're physically created. It's like having a simulation so perfect that the line between virtual and physical blurs.

The quantum computing race is intensifying. Just days ago, on April 28th, Microsoft and Atom Computing revealed plans to launch a commercial quantum computer this year. They're using arrays of optically trapped neutral atoms—a technique that's like capturing fireflies in invisible jars and using their glow to perform calculations of mind-boggling complexity.

Meanwhile, D-Wave Quantum is preparing to release their first quarter financial results next week on May 8th. D-Wave's approach using quantum annealing is fascinating—it's essentially creating an energy landscape and finding the lowest points, much like releasing thousands of marbles on

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Have you ever felt that electric thrill when the world seems to tilt just slightly, and suddenly, the future is no longer out of reach, but arriving right now? That’s exactly how I felt this morning, poring over the biggest headlines to hit the quantum computing world. Hello, I’m Leo, your Learning Enhanced Operator, and you’re tuned in to Quantum Research Now.

Today, QuEra—the Boston-based quantum trailblazer—grabbed the spotlight after being selected by DARPA for Phase I of the Quantum Benchmarking Initiative. If you’re not familiar with DARPA, think of them as the agency that quietly rewired the backbone of today’s internet and GPS. Now, they’re turning their gaze to quantum, and QuEra has been tapped to help answer the question on every scientist’s mind: can we actually build fault-tolerant quantum computers? In other words, can we get these fickle, magical machines to run reliably and scale up to the level where they can tackle real-world problems without falling apart?

It’s a little like attempting to choreograph a thousand ballet dancers who each insist on pirouetting in two places at once. In classical computing, bits are strict—they’re either a zero or a one. In the quantum realm, however, our dancers—qubits—exist in a superposition, holding zero and one at the same time, until we measure them. But as anyone who’s ever juggled delicate glass knows, one dropped ball, one error, and everything can come crashing down. That’s why fault tolerance is our holy grail.

QuEra’s selection isn’t just a trophy; it signals a profound step forward. Their neutral atom technology—imagine building circuits out of laser-guided atoms suspended in a quantum dance—could unlock architectures robust enough for error correction, a prerequisite for quantum machines to crack the code of real-world chemistry, logistics, and maybe even climate modeling.

This announcement dovetails perfectly with major currents across the quantum landscape. Just yesterday, Maryland inked a partnership with the Department of Defense, aiming to make the state the “capital of the quantum world.” With $100 million in potential federal funding on the table and the University of Maryland at the helm, the goal is ambitious: build a $1 billion quantum industry and ensure our nation’s security, all while giving birth to the next generation of technology right here in the U.S.

And if you needed another jolt, consider IBM’s announcement: a staggering $150 billion pledge to boost domestic manufacturing and research, with $30 billion earmarked specifically for quantum computing. When giants like IBM step up, it’s akin to the moon landing moment for quantum—the declaration that this technology is about to leave the laboratory and become part of our everyday lives.

But it’s not all smooth sailing. A recent ISACA survey revealed that two-thirds of European IT professionals expect heightened cybersecurity risks as quantum computing grows in power. It’

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Let’s get right to the quantum pulse. Today, April 27th, 2025, the quantum world woke up to reverberations out of Japan—a new “monster” has emerged. That’s right, Fujitsu and RIKEN have unveiled a 256-qubit superconducting quantum computer, vaulting past previous records and quite possibly redrawing the landscape of computational power. I’m Leo, your Learning Enhanced Operator, and you’re listening to Quantum Research Now.

Now, it’s easy to glaze over at the word “qubit,” but imagine this: classic computers are like well-trained postal workers—each bit delivers a letter to exactly one mailbox at a time, faithfully and predictably. But a quantum computer? It’s as if every postal worker can deliver letters not just to one, but to all possible mailboxes simultaneously, and can do so in an infinite variety of combinations—thanks to the magical principles of superposition and entanglement. When Fujitsu and RIKEN today announced they’ve wrangled 256 of these quantum couriers into harmonious service, they’ve not just built a bigger post office—they’ve opened up entirely new neighborhoods to deliver to, ones classical computers can’t even find on the map.

Let’s touch the glass and dive deeper. Superconducting qubits—the heart of this new Japanese machine—are fabricated at temperatures just fractions of a degree above absolute zero. In that frosty landscape, electromagnetic pulses—so carefully orchestrated it’s like conducting Mozart in a blizzard—manipulate the quantum states. Picture a shimmering chip, no wider than your thumb, humming beneath vacuum-sealed, cryogenic layers, storied with the possibility of solving problems that would take a classical supercomputer longer than the age of the universe.

This breakthrough isn’t just about quantity—256 qubits is a threshold where error correction and useful quantum algorithms become not just a laboratory curiosity, but a practical tool. If you’ve ever struggled with a tangled ball of string, you’ll appreciate how error correction in quantum systems requires controlling not just one, but all the knots simultaneously—each knot influencing the fabric of the others. The Fujitsu/RIKEN system edges us closer to “quantum advantage” for real-world problems: simulating molecules for drug discovery, optimizing complex logistics, and, yes, even revolutionizing how we secure digital information.

Elsewhere on the globe, the field continues to vibrate with innovation. Researchers at the University of Copenhagen, collaborating with Ruhr University Bochum, have managed to control two identical quantum light sources on a nanochip, enabling entanglement indistinguishable from the kind guiding the superconducting qubits in Fujitsu’s monster. Peter Lodahl, a luminary in quantum photonics, put it succinctly: we’re glimpsing the future quantum internet, where information and computation flow with unbreakable security and speed. Imagine the world’s email and financial transactions l

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I’m Leo, your Learning Enhanced Operator, quantum computing specialist, and your guide on Quantum Research Now. No long-winded intro today, because there’s electricity in the air—literally and figuratively. Today, a headline has sparked across the quantum world: EPB, the electric power board in Chattanooga, Tennessee, has announced it’s buying a quantum computer, partnering with IonQ to launch a quantum innovation center. If you’re wondering why this matters, let me take you inside the quantum pulse.

Picture the nerve center of Chattanooga—a city wired for the future. EPB, the same utility that pioneered America’s first “gig city,” is about to house the IonQ Forte Enterprise, a state-of-the-art quantum computer. Let’s cut through the chatter: only about 200 quantum computers exist worldwide right now. Getting one is like acquiring the first personal computers in the mainframe era—except, instead of typing memos, this machine could reshape how we keep the lights on, defend our infrastructure, and optimize everyday city life. Imagine a chess grandmaster who can play all possible games simultaneously to find the perfect move for every scenario—that’s what quantum computing does for problems too complex for classical computers.

David Wade, EPB’s CEO, said they expect to recoup the investment in under three years, not by charging for electricity, but by leasing quantum computing time. Think of it as Chattanooga renting out brainpower—measured in qubits instead of kilowatts. Quantum computing is scarce, and big demand already exists: IonQ’s systems are in Switzerland, New York, Maryland, and now, soon, Tennessee. This is more than regional pride—it’s about revolutionizing how businesses large and small access quantum’s optimization powers. Picture logistics companies plotting perfect delivery routes or energy grids smartly predicting outages and fending off cyberattacks in real-time.

Ryan Keel, EPB’s president of energy and communications, summed up the stakes: electric infrastructure is always a target. Quantum computing gives defenders the ability to secure networks using algorithms so complex, hackers with classical machines would have to wait until the sun burns out to break them. For EPB, quantum means predicting—not just reacting—when lines might fail, or even how to reroute power before an outage occurs. It’s predictive maintenance at quantum speed, taking the guesswork out of keeping an entire city online.

But why does quantum matter beyond Chattanooga? Earlier this week, Fujitsu and RIKEN in Japan unveiled a 256-qubit superconducting quantum machine. Their roadmap aims for a thousand qubits by 2026. The race is heating up. More qubits mean more parallel threads, more simultaneous calculations—a jump from a trickle to a tidal wave of computing possibility. This is the same technology at the heart of cybersecurity, AI breakthroughs, and even climate modeling.

In a world where every second brings n

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I’m Leo, your Learning Enhanced Operator, here on Quantum Research Now, and today, the hum in the quantum corridors is anything but ordinary. While much of the world wakes to morning headlines, our quantum community jolted awake with news from Toronto: Xanadu Quantum Technologies has just announced a sweeping new research and development partnership with the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory. If you felt the air tingle, that was the collective spark of possibility—photons, ideas, and opportunity all entwined.

Now, you might ask, “Leo, why does this matter?” Picture this: classical computing is like a single-lane highway—organized, predictable, but inevitably congested as more cars try to pass. Quantum computing, especially the photonic kind Xanadu builds, is like opening infinite lanes, where cars don’t just move forward, but sometimes seem to split, join, and even interact in ways that challenge our everyday logic. Today’s news means that those infinite lanes are moving from hopeful blueprints to real, deployable infrastructure.

Let’s get dramatic for a moment—because, frankly, quantum deserves it. Imagine standing in a laboratory in Toronto, the scents of ultra-pure silicon and the faint ozone tang of laser systems in the air. Here’s where Xanadu, which only in January unveiled Aurora—the world’s first complete prototype of a universal photonic quantum computer, a machine woven from 35 photonic chips and over 13 kilometers of optical fiber—has now thrown open the doors to the U.S. Air Force’s vast resources and expertise.

This partnership isn’t just about building bigger machines. It’s a confluence of visionaries—Xanadu’s CEO Christian Weedbrook, whose background fusing quantum theory and practical engineering, has made the company a beacon, and AFRL’s decades of field-hardened technology development. Their goal: accelerating chip-scale, silicon-based quantum circuits, nudging us closer to quantum computers that are as common—and reliable—as smartphones. They’ll share not just hardware, but knowledge, using AFRL’s Process Design Kit to fine-tune photonic circuits for quantum applications like entangled photon generation. If photons are the messengers of quantum information, this alliance means their voices just got a whole lot louder and clearer.

Why photonic quantum computers? Imagine information as water. Classical computers move water in buckets—bits, either full or empty. Photonic quantum computers let the water ripple, superpose, and even dance in entangled pairs, carrying vastly more complexity in less space. With this partnership, we’re seeing the plumbing laid for quantum “waterworks,” scaling up from laboratory trickles to useful, industrial flows.

Elsewhere in the quantum universe, today saw IQM announce the deployment of Poland’s first superconducting quantum computer at Wrocław University of Science and Technology. Another piece on the global chessboard falls into place—a reminder th

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Today’s air in the quantum lab hums with a new level of excitement—and I don’t say that lightly. I’m Leo, your Learning Enhanced Operator, quick to bring you the latest quantum breakthroughs here at Quantum Research Now. Tuning in today means you’re tuned into history in real time, as Fujitsu and RIKEN have just stunned the quantum community. They’ve announced the release of a 256-qubit superconducting quantum computer, quadrupling the processing power of their earlier 64-qubit prototype from 2023. This isn’t just a technical leap; it’s a seismic event that redefines the boundaries of quantum computing.

If you could step with me into the cold, quiet sanctum of a quantum hardware bay, you’d feel as if you were entering a cathedral built not of stone, but of chilled copper and tangled wiring. Here, the new machine sits within its dilution refrigerator—a gleaming, cylindrical titan, holding its 256 qubits at temperatures near absolute zero, colder than outer space itself. This chilling is key: at these temperatures, the qubits—tiny circuits made from superconducting materials—can dance in perfect quantum synchrony, harnessing the weirdness of entanglement and superposition.

Scaling up qubits is like organizing a grand orchestra where every musician must play exactly on cue, at the faintest whisper of sound, or the entire symphony collapses into noise. Previously, we struggled to keep even dozens of qubits coherent and cool. Now, Fujitsu and RIKEN have demonstrated that by optimizing their thermal designs—and artfully arranging their 4-qubit cell units in a three-dimensional lattice—they could squeeze four times as many qubits into the same icy vault. Imagine building a skyscraper on a foundation designed for a cottage; the feat lies in reinforcing every layer so the new structure stands tall and stable.

To paint this in broader terms: If today’s classical computers solve puzzles “piece by piece,” quantum computers have the potential to assemble the whole jigsaw at once by folding reality into parallel possibilities. With 256 qubits, researchers can simulate intricate molecules, model new materials, and apply advanced error correction algorithms that push us closer to fault-tolerant quantum computers—the holy grail in this field.

Notably, the practical implications are rippling outward. Classiq and Wolfram just joined forces within CERN’s Open Quantum Institute to develop quantum optimization for smart power grids. They’re attacking the Unit Commitment Problem—the brain-teaser of when and how to fire up power generators so the lights stay on and the costs stay low. Imagine trying to choreograph a ballet using dancers that teleport unpredictably; quantum computers, with their ability to probe countless ‘what-if’ scenarios simultaneously, can help balance renewables and conventional power sources smoother than ever before.

Of course, the real drama emerges from the subtle interplay between hardware and

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Good morning, quantum explorers. Leo here, your Learning Enhanced Operator, and today on Quantum Research Now, we’re diving straight into the heart of the latest headline to shake the world of advanced computing. On April 20th, Quantum Computing Inc.—ticker QUBT—landed squarely in the spotlight. But not for a new machine, not today. This time, it’s about a seismic shift in leadership: Dr. William McGann, the renowned photonic trailblazer and CEO, has announced his retirement. In a field where the only constant is exponential acceleration, a leadership change like this is more than just a press release—it’s a tremor across the quantum landscape.

You might be asking, “Leo, why should a CEO stepping down matter to the future of computing?” Let me break it down. In quantum technology, leadership isn’t just about numbers and markets. It’s vision. It’s guidance at the subatomic level, the same way a magnetic field directs the dance of electron spins. Dr. McGann’s direction was instrumental in steering QCi’s push into non-linear photonics and their now-famous Dirac-3 platform, a system that harnesses the peculiar power of integrated photonic circuits. These aren’t your grandmother’s semiconductors—these are whisper-thin silicon wafers guiding light rather than electrons, bringing us a step closer to scalable, room-temperature quantum computation that could rewrite everything from medicine to finance.

Picture this: your traditional computer is a cyclist on a winding mountain road, taking every turn, pedaling furiously. Quantum devices—especially the kind QCi is pioneering—are like hang-gliders in the same landscape, using wind currents and thermals to leap from peak to peak, skipping the tedious path altogether. Dirac-3, by leveraging photonic chips, can process a multitude of possibilities simultaneously. That’s quantum parallelism, and QCi has been at the bleeding edge with their recent NASA contract, delivering quantum photonic vibrometers designed to make sense of vibration data from spacecraft. Talk about high stakes.

But here’s the quantum twist: leadership changes, like superposition, contain both risk and opportunity. We don’t yet know which path QCi will collapse into—will they maintain their innovation trajectory, or will the uncertainty slow their momentum? Think of it like Schrodinger’s cat, but with the fate of quantum research in the balance.

Now, let’s step into the lab together. Imagine rows of shimmering optical tables, laser beams crisscrossing like spider silk, and the faint hum of cryostats in the background. Here, every photon’s journey is tracked with exquisite precision. QCi’s photonic chips use thin-film lithium niobate, a material that manipulates photons with minimal loss—crucial when you’re coaxing quantum states to survive long enough to extract meaningful computation. Dr. McGann’s team engineered intricate waveguides, channeling light through circuits where entanglement and inte

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What a week it’s been in the world of quantum computing. I’m Leo—the Learning Enhanced Operator—broadcasting straight from the quantum realm, and today, Quantum Research Now has some electrifying news. The very fabric of reality is being rewritten in labs from Boston to Tokyo, but today’s headline belongs to Microsoft. On April 19, 2025, Microsoft made waves yet again, and this time, it’s a quantum leap: they’ve unveiled what they call Majorana 1, the world’s first quantum processor powered by topological qubits.

Now, let’s not get tangled in jargon. Imagine the typical computer in your hand is a light switch: on or off, one or zero. But a quantum computer—especially one using topological qubits—acts more like a finely tuned dimmer, operating in a symphony of possibilities between on and off. Majorana 1, thanks to its breakthrough “topoconductor” materials, doesn’t just flip faster or process more. It changes the very way we think about “switching”—it dances, it weaves, it plays with probability and paradox. It’s as if we’ve traded in a classic typewriter for a machine that can write every possible combination of words at once, instantly editing itself for logic and beauty.

In practical terms, Microsoft’s announcement signals that fault-tolerant quantum computing—the dream of a machine that can compute with the power of nature itself and correct its own errors—may finally be within reach. Their roadmap, unveiled in Nature and discussed at the Station Q meeting this week, charts a path from holding a single topological qubit to arrays large enough for quantum error correction. The bold claim? Their Majorana 1 chip could reach a million qubits, on a single chip. Not in distant decades, but in the coming years.

It’s the dawn of utility-scale quantum computing, and Microsoft isn’t marching alone. This month alone, Amazon’s Ocelot chip, Google’s Willow release, and Nvidia’s announcement of a Boston quantum research lab have filled my inbox with a sense of generational change. Even DARPA has thrown down the gauntlet, inviting 18 companies—names like IBM, IonQ, Rigetti, PsiQuantum—to the Quantum Benchmarking Initiative. The goal? Achieve practical quantum machines before 2033.

These advancements aren’t just science fiction come to life. Consider D-Wave’s headline this World Quantum Day: real-world customers are already seeing benefits, from Japanese telecom giants improving network efficiency, to Ford Otosan streamlining automobile production, to pharmaceutical powerhouses simulating molecules at speeds our classical computers can only dream of. For them, quantum isn’t some distant hope—it’s a tool, here and now, reshaping logistics, chemistry, and AI.

I hear the hum of helium cryostats around me, the blue glow of laser-cooled ions, the near-silence of superconducting circuits etched onto chips finer than a grain of sand. To work on these machines is to walk daily into the uncanny, where electrons tunnel

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My name is Leo, your Learning Enhanced Operator. If you’re tuning in today, you’re here for the real news in quantum computing—no sci-fi, no fantasy, just the electrifying pulse of research and industry reshaping our digital future. And let me tell you, today’s headline is a big one: PKWARE, a titan in the data security world, just launched its Quantum Ready Assessment and quantum-safe encryption suite. This isn’t just another product launch. It’s a seismic shift signaling how close we are to a world where quantum computers move from lab-bound curiosities to daily business necessities.

So, what’s the fuss all about? PKWARE’s announcement is all about preparing our digital defenses for when quantum computers make today’s encryption look like a child’s puzzle. Imagine your bank vault—the one you trust for your savings—locked with a sturdy steel key. In a quantum-powered world, that steel key could be picked in under a day by a modest quantum machine. That’s the quantum difference: algorithms like Shor’s, running on these machines, could render RSA and ECC, our current "strongest locks," obsolete almost overnight. With this new readiness assessment, PKWARE is offering organizations a map: here’s where you’re vulnerable, here’s how you can patch it, and here’s how to futureproof your data. For enterprise leaders, it’s less about panic, more about planning for a quantum winter and emerging in a quantum spring.

What does this mean for you and me? Let’s use a familiar analogy. Imagine today’s computers are expert librarians, flipping through massive card catalogs to find one book in a million. Now imagine quantum computers as magicians who can—because of superposition and entanglement—search all those card catalogs at once, instantly finding not just the book but subtle connections between them. For cybersecurity, that means both immense risk and immense promise. The same power to break old codes also gives us new, unbreakable forms of protection—quantum-safe cryptography. That’s what PKWARE, in collaboration with standards set by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, is rolling out right now: locks built for a quantum age.

But quantum news doesn’t stop at cybersecurity. Today, my desk is buried with reports on quantum-enabled data centers. The global market in quantum-ready data centers leapt from $393 million last year to $478 million right now, and is on a trajectory to pass a billion by 2030. Leaders like IBM, Quantinuum, SoftBank, Xanadu, and Atos are pushing us toward data centers that tap quantum key distribution and post-quantum cryptography for both speed and ironclad security. It’s like transforming warehouses full of dusty filing cabinets into sentient vaults—faster, smarter, and safer than ever before. Even the infrastructure is evolving: new racks, networking gear, and precision-cooling hardware, all optimized for the strange physics of the quantum world.

You might wonder, how is

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