In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the Great Harris Papyrus, the longest surviving document from ancient Egypt, dictated by Ramses III at the end of his reign. Housed in the British Museum, this 133-foot scroll lists colossal donations of land, gold, and grain to temples across Kemet, revealing the economic muscle of the priesthood and the tensions that would later fuel tomb robbery and social unrest. They trace the papyrus's discovery in a tomb near Medinet Habu in 1855, its decipherment, and its role as a royal apologia, contrasting Ramses III's self-presentation with the messy reality of his reign, including the attempted harem conspiracy and the strikes at Deir el-Medina. The episode also touches on the annual religious festivals that redistributed wealth and the political balancing act between pharaoh and Amun-Re's clergy. A fresh angle for the series, this episode focuses on a primary source that reads like an ancient audit, offering a rare, unvarnished look at how Egypt's last great pharaoh wanted to be remembered.

#GreatHarrisPapyrus #RamsesIII #AncientEgypt #MedinetHabu #BritishMuseum #AmunRe #Kemet #Pharaoh #Egyptology #TempleEconomy #DeirElMedina #HaremConspiracy #NewKingdom #Hieratic #Papyrus #History #FexingoHistory #Archaeology

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Before the chariots charged and the temples rose, there was the scribe — the quiet architect of Ramses the Great's empire. In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore how a network of literate officials, from the lowly village scribe to the vizier himself, kept Egypt's vast machinery running for sixty-seven years. They follow a year in the life of a scribe named Huy, stationed at Per-Ramesses, as he tallies grain shipments, drafts letters for the pharaoh, and, one night, records a troubling report of a Bedouin raid on a border outpost. The conversation weaves through the satirical 'Satire of the Trades,' the training at the 'House of Life,' the invention of papyrus and the hieratic script, and the astonishing discovery at Deir el-Medina, where workmen's notes reveal the daily concerns of ordinary people. Along the way, they confront a modern myth about Egyptian literacy and ponder what it meant to 'write like an Egyptian.' The episode ends with a reflection on the fragility of knowledge — and how much we owe to those who kept the records.

#RamsesTheGreat #AncientEgypt #Scribes #Hieroglyphs #HieraticScript #Papyrus #PerRamesses #DeirElMedina #SatireOfTheTrades #HouseOfLife #VizierPaser #Kemet #NewKingdom #Egyptology #History #Podcast #FexingoHistory #Bureaucracy

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This episode of Fexingo History takes you south, beyond the cataracts, to the frontier where Ramses the Great carved his authority into living rock. We explore the string of temples he raised in Nubia — from Beit el-Wali's war scenes to the rock-cut colossi of Gerf Hussein and the sun-trap of Wadi es-Sebua — and what they reveal about Egyptian power, local belief, and the delicate politics of empire. You'll meet the viceroy Setau, who governed Nubia for decades, and hear how Ramses used architecture, religion, and sheer spectacle to turn a conquered land into a loyal province. We also look at the controversial re-cutting of Ramses' monuments by later pharaohs, and what that erasure tells us about the fragility of legacy. If you've ever wondered how an empire holds its edges — not just with armies, but with temples and titles — this is the story. Join Lucas and Luna as they trace the sandstone footprints of a pharaoh who built his name on the frontier of the known world.

#RamsesII #Nubia #AncientEgypt #EgyptianTemples #BeitElWali #GerfHussein #WadiEsSebua #Setau #ViceroyOfKush #Kush #NileCataracts #EgyptianEmpire #FrontierTemples #Ramesseum #PharaohsLegacy #History #FexingoHistory #NorthAfrica

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In this episode of Fexingo History, Lucas and Luna explore Ramses the Great's diplomatic maneuvers beyond the battlefield. Discover how Ramses secured Egypt's might through strategic marriages—including his union with Hittite princesses—and alliances that reshaped the ancient Near East. From the famous Marriage Stela at Abu Simbel to the lesser-known Treaty of Kadesh, we trace the art of peace in a warrior pharaoh's reign. Learn about Queen Nefertari's diplomatic role, the exchange of letters with Hattusili III, and the delicate balance between war and diplomacy in the Bronze Age. We also peek into the royal harem's political significance and the marriages that cemented Egypt's power. Tune in for a nuanced look at Ramses the Great's legacy as a master of both war and peace.

#RamsesTheGreat #AncientEgypt #Diplomacy #Hittites #Nefertari #HattusiliIII #MarriageStela #Kadesh #BronzeAge #RoyalMarriages #EgyptianHistory #Pharaoh #AncientNearEast #AbuSimbel #Treaty #Alliance #History #FexingoHistory

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In this episode of Fexingo History, Lucas and Luna explore the green side of Ramses the Great's Egypt—the gardens, orchards, and vineyards that sustained the empire. From the royal gardens at Per-Ramesses, where Ramses planted exotic trees to impress foreign envoys, to the sacred groves of Amun at Karnak, we dig into how pharaohs used horticulture as a tool of power. We meet the gardeners who worked the soil, from the humble 'k3ty' to the 'imy-r sh' who oversaw it all, and hear about the fruits they grew: dates, figs, pomegranates, and the ever-important grapes for wine. Lucas reveals how the Nile's flood shaped the growing season, what ancient Egyptian gardens looked like, and how the 'shen' (garden) was a symbol of order and abundance. We also touch on the role of gardens in temple life, the sacred 'persea' tree, and how Ramses' love of trees may have been a diplomatic move. Tune in for a fresh look at the pharaoh's world, one rooted in the earth itself.

#AncientEgypt #RamsesTheGreat #Kemet #Gardens #Horticulture #PerRamesses #Karnak #NileRiver #EgyptianHistory #Pharaoh #FexingoHistory #NorthAfrica #AncientGardens #Viticulture #DatePalm #PerseaTree #TempleGardens #NubianTrees

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In this episode of Fexingo History, Lucas and Luna explore the surprisingly advanced world of ancient Egyptian dentistry during the reign of Ramses the Great. They examine the evidence from mummies and medical papyri to uncover how dentists treated tooth decay, gum disease, and abscesses—and why these ailments were so common in the Nile Valley. The conversation covers the Ebers Papyrus, the Hearst Papyrus, and the Edwin Smith Papyrus, revealing remedies like the 'mouse cure' and the use of natron, honey, and myrrh. They also discuss the invention of the earliest known dental bridge, found in a tomb at Giza, and the sobering reality that even a pharaoh like Ramses faced terrible dental pain. The episode touches on the role of the 'swanw' (doctor) and the 'rekh-chet' (magician), and how dental health affected daily life and even military campaigns. Along the way, Lucas and Luna reflect on what these ancient practices reveal about the limits of medicine and the resilience of the human body.

#RamsesII #AncientEgypt #Dentistry #EbersPapyrus #HearstPapyrus #EdwinSmithPapyrus #NorthAfrica #Mummies #Kemet #swanw #rekhchet #natron #honey #myrrh #dentalbridge #Giza #FexingoHistory #History

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Episode 187 of Ramses the Great takes you behind the throne to meet the two powerful viziers who kept the empire running: Paser and Khay. We explore the daily duties of the tjaty—the pharaoh's right hand—from overseeing justice and tax collection to commanding the workforce that built the Ramesseum. Paser rose from vizier to High Priest of Amun, while Khay managed decades of monumental construction. Discover their tombs, their inscriptions, and how they wielded power in the shadow of Egypt's most famous pharaoh. This is a story of bureaucracy, loyalty, and the unsung architects of an empire.

#RamsesII #AncientEgypt #Vizier #Paser #Khay #Kemet #Pharaoh #EgyptianHistory #Ramesseum #Saqqara #Maat #AmunRe #Tjaty #NewKingdom #Hieroglyphs #EgyptianBureaucracy #History #FexingoHistory

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The chariot corps was the elite strike force of Ramses the Great's army, a mobile platform that dominated battlefields from Nubia to Syria. In this episode, we explore the organization of the maryannu—the chariot warrior aristocracy—and the sophisticated breeding and training programs at Per-Ramesses. Lucas and Luna discuss the role of horses in Egyptian warfare, logistics of maintaining hundreds of chariots, and how Ramses' reforms created a cavalry arm that gave Kemet strategic reach. We also touch on the stables discovered at Qantir and the finer points of composite bow use from a moving chariot. If you've ever wondered how the Egyptians turned horse and rider into a thunderous weapon of empire, this is for you.

#RamsesII #AncientEgypt #ChariotWarfare #Maryannu #PerRamesses #Horses #MilitaryHistory #Kemet #Pharaoh #NewKingdom #Logistics #HorseBreeding #Nubia #Syria #Sinai #WarChariots #History #FexingoHistory

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In this episode of Fexingo History, Lucas and Luna explore the construction and splendor of Per-Ramesses (Pi-Ramesses), the magnificent capital city built by Ramses the Great in the Nile Delta. We discuss why Ramses moved the capital from Thebes, the urban planning that included canals, gardens, and temples, and the multicultural population of soldiers and diplomats from across the ancient Near East. The city's decline after Ramses' reign and its rediscovery at the site of Tell el-Dab'a and Qantir are also covered. Join us for a journey into the heart of Ramses' empire — a city that embodied his vision of power, trade, and divine rule.

#PerRamesses #PiRamesses #RamsesII #AncientEgypt #Kemet #DeltaCapital #UrbanPlanning #TellElDaba #Qantir #PapyrusAnastasiIII #Sherden #Hittites #Canaanites #NewKingdom #19thDynasty #FexingoHistory #History #Archaeology

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Step into the largest hypostyle hall ever built, where Ramses the Great completed his father Seti I's vision at Karnak. This episode explores the engineering, symbolism, and religious purpose of the 134 sandstone columns, some 69 feet tall, shaped like papyrus and lotus to symbolize the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. We discuss the hall's decorated reliefs depicting the Battle of Kadesh and the annual Opet Festival, its original vibrant paint, and its enduring legacy as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Discover how this architectural marvel embodied Ramses' ambition and divine authority, and how it continues to awe visitors today. A deep dive into a masterpiece of the New Kingdom.

#RamsesTheGreat #GreatHypostyleHall #Karnak #AncientEgypt #EgyptianArchitecture #SetiI #AmunRe #FestivalOfOpet #PapyrusColumns #Sandstone #Thebes #UNESCO #Pharaoh #NewKingdom #History #FexingoHistory #Architecture #AncientCivilizations

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