Paul finishes this section on greetings with an instruction to greet each other with a holy kiss. We talk about the custom Paul was referring to, and how Paul's real desire was for the churchmembers to show each other their love in some way.

Paul finishes his list of people he wants to greet. We talk about the possible impact these people could have made on the world.

Paul greets five people who we know very little about, and the brothers with those five. We dig into how everyone from every background can tell their friends about Jesus.

Paul greets Rufus, who most believe to be the same Rufus identified to be the son of Simon of Cyrene, who carried Jesus's cross. We talk about how Simon's interaction with Jesus led to his discipleship in his own home, and how we have to start discipline in our own homes.

Paul writes about three women in verse 12. We talk about how women who were enslaved overcame obstacles to become so known for their faith that Paul wants to greet them in his letter, and what we can learn from those women.

Paul greets a kinsman and a group of slaves. We dig into the man who previously owned the slaves, Narcissus, and how his life was based on earthly relationships, and ended very poorly. And we contrast that ending with his slaves, whose faith was renowned so much that Paul heard of it.

Paul greets a household and a man named Apelles. All we know of Apelles is that he was tested and passed the test. We talk about our tests in this world and how we pass them.

Paul greets two other friends in the church in Rome. These two friends have names that were reserved for slaves or freed slaves. We dig into how God lets us overcome our limits set on us by fellow man.

Paul greets Ampliatus, who he describes as beloved. We talk about the greek word we translate to beloved: agapeton.

Paul greets another husband and wife duo, who had previously been imprisoned with Paul. We talk about sacrifices.