A debate has played out in the media for years regarding President Donald Trump’s tax returns. While I can’t speculate about the particulars of his taxes, I do know one thing for certain: the IRS is pretty serious about tax evasion. If there any inkling of malfeasance arose in the course of an audit, these findings would eventually surface. I don’t want to be political; my intention is to present facts with regard to business provisions that allow deductions and carry-over losses or pass-through income.
With that stated, everyone needs to remember that the American tax system is what is known as a progressive tax system. A progressive tax system imposes higher taxes on those making a higher income and lower taxes on those making less income. If you are a business owner, you pay a variety of taxes depending on your business structure, your number of employees and the sector in which you operate. You likely have professionals manage your accounting and pre-pay taxes to avoid IRS penalties for under payment.
Back to President Trump – there are a variety of provisions that would have allowed him to use business losses in one year to offset income from other years. Even if you aren’t a business owner, there are a number of tax provisions that can help you reduce your income in retirement. For example, contributing to a Roth IRA or 401(k) while you are working means that you won’t have to pay taxes on withdrawals in retirement. In addition, you won’t be subject to required minimum distributions (RMDs) beginning at age 72.
Health savings accounts (HSAs) are another great way to reduce taxes before and in retirement. HSAs are the only type of account that is triple-tax advantaged – you get a tax deduction when you contribute, contributions grow tax free and withdrawals are also not taxable when you use them for qualified healthcare expenses. Other ways to reduce your tax bill in retirement include taking advantage of long-term capital gains rates, using long-term capital losses to offset long-term gains, setting up a charitable remainder trust, tapping home equity and getting a reverse mortgage.