samsplaining science

Let’s talk about some ethical atrocities in the history of science!

Links:

History of Bioethics:  https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/timeline/index.cfm

Read more about the U.S. Public Health Service Syphilis Study at Tuskegee:  https://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/index.html 

Read more about the Stanley Milgram Shock Experiment: https://www.simplypsychology.org/milgram.html and https://nature.berkeley.edu/ucce50/ag-labor/7article/article35.htm 

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This week we’re learning about clinical trials! We’ll cover some basics of clinical trials, learn some buzzwords, and learn about the different clinical trial Phases!

Sources

1. National Institutes of Health - U.S. National Library of Medicine. “Learn About Clinical Studies”. Link: https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/about-studies 

2. The Basics | NIH Clinical Trials and You. National Institutes of Health. Link: https://www.nih.gov/health-information/nih-clinical-research-trials-you/basics 

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HELLO U.S. FRIENDS PLEASE DON’T FORGET TO VOTE!!!! GO TO iwillvote.com TO GET UR $#!+ TOGETHER, AND MAKE SURE YOUR VOICE IS HEARD AND YOUR BALLOT IS CAST BY TUESDAY NOV 8!!!!!

Since the creator/writer/host/producer of samsplaining science values a democracy, Sam took to an instagram poll to decide this week’s topic – the science of swearing!

Sources:

1. Van Lanket D. and Cummings, J.L., Expletives: neurolinguistic and neurobbehavioral perspectives on swearing. (1999). Brain Research Reviews. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10611497/

2. Stapleton, K. et al., The power of swearing: What we know and what we don’t. (2022). Lingua. Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/sdfe/reader/pii/S002438412200170X/pdf

3. Stephens, R. and Robertson, O. Swearing as a Response to Pain: Assessing Hypoalgesic Effects of Novel “Swear” Words. (2020). Frontiers in Psychology. Link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00723/full

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On this episode, sam-splains respiratory syncytial virus (R.S.V.). Let’s learn about the symptoms of r.s.v., how it’s transmitted, and how we can prevent it! We’ll also learn about two ongoing clinical trials that are exploring vaccinations for populations at high risk for severe RSV infection!

Sources:

1. RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV). Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Link: https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/index.html 

2. What is RSV? What are RSV Risks and Symptoms? Link: https://www.synagis.com/what-is-rsv.html 

3. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) meeting @ CDC - Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccines for Older Adults and for Maternal/Pediatrics: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/slides-2022-10-19-20.html

4. “Nirsevimab for the prevention of RSV in all infants”. Nirsevimab by AstraZeneca and Sanofi. ACIP Presentation slides - October 20, 2022. Link: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/slides-2022-10-19-20/02-RSV-Mat-Ped-Felter-508.pdf 

5. “Safety and Efficacy of Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Vaccine in Adults >= 60 Years of Age”. RENOIR by Pfizer. ACIP Presentation slides - October 20, 2022. Link: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/meetings/downloads/slides-2022-10-19-20/03-RSV-Adults-Gurtma-508.pdf 

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This week, Sam-splains why the leaves change color in the fall - after a quick* summary of what makes a plant a plant! (*not quick)

Sources:

1. SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry | Why Leaves Change Color. Link: https://www.esf.edu/pubprog/brochure/leaves/leaves.htm

2. Fecht, S. How Climate Change Impacts Fall Foliage. Columbia Climate School – State of the Planet. (2022). Link: https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2022/09/26/how-does-climate-change-impact-fall-foliage/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=spotlight101022

3. Additional figures in slides from from BioRender (BioRender.com), the Smithsonian Science Education Center (https://ssec.si.edu/stemvisions-blog/what-photosynthesis) and Khan Academy (https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/cellular-energetics#photosynthesis)

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On this week’s episode of the podcast, we’re talking about the science of baking - inspired by the new season of the Great British Baking Show, now on Netflix (sponsor me pls, Paul and Prue).

Sources

1. Ali, A.,  et al., Yeast, its types and role in fermentation during bread making process-A Review (2012). Pak. J. Food Sci. Link: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/A-Shehzad/publication/328052441_Yeast_its_types_and_role_in_fermentation_during_bread_making_process-_A_review/links/5bb52d78299bf13e605daffe/Yeast-its-types-and-role-in-fermentation-during-bread-making-process-A-review.pdf 

2. Michaela Ureta, M. et al., Water transport  during bread baking: impact of the baking temperature and the baking time (2018). Food Science and Technology International. Link: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1082013218814144?casa_token=PZ04TrFSxs4AAAAA:xCPZuNHNEK7maUdR6OuSel-SpwI3Il6xN_9w4pnnksjTwXOnLCHEY-SdEo2o4BrZOkT-g9CwV-TY 

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Get your boost on, baby!

Sam is bivalently boosted, and in this episode, we’re talking about why that’s important and why we should care!

Source:

Chalkias, S. et al., A Bivalent Omicron-Containing Booster Vaccine Against COVID-19 (2022). New England Journal of Medicine. Link: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2208343 

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This week’s episode of the podcast is brought to you by COFFEE. Actually, every week’s episode is. But in THIS episode, we’re talking about coffee - how it gives us energy and the effect it has on our body!

Sources - 

Van Dam, RM., et al., Coffee, Caffeine, and Health. (2020). N Eng J Med. Link: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra1816604 

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This week’s episode of the podcast covers the short and long term effects of alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder!

Sources:

1. Find more education resources at the National Institute for Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism’s website: https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/

2. Boersma, P., Villarroel, M.A. & Vahratian, A. (2020) Heavy drinking among US adults, 2018. NCHS Data Brief. Link: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db374-h.pdf

3. Mannes, Z. L. , et. al., (2021). Correlates of mild, moderate, and severe Alcohol Use Disorder among adults with problem substance use: Validity implications for DSM-5. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34581461/

3a. My article about Mannes, et al., (2021). : https://blogs.cuit.columbia.edu/postdocsociety/2022/09/02/alcohol-use-disorder-diagnosis/

Alcohol Use Disorder Resources:

1. NIAAA - https://alcoholtreatment.niaaa.nih.gov/

2. Alcoholics anonymous - https://aa.org/

3. SAMHSA - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration national helpline - 24/7 365, 1-800-662-HELP(4357) or go to https://findtreatment.samhsa.gov/ to find treatment near you!

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This week on the podcast, we’re tackling misinformation!! Sam-splains what misinformation is, how it spreads, how we’re susceptible to misinformation, and how to combat it!

Source:

Van der Linden, S. Misinformation: susceptibility, spread, and interventions to immunize the public. (2022). Nature Medicine. Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-022-01713-6 

Additional/Supplemental reading:

1. West, JD. and Bergstrom, CT., Misinformation in and about science. (2021). Proc Natl Acad Sci. Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8054004/ 

2. Wang, Y., McKee, M, Torbia, A. and Stuckler, D. (2019). Systematic Literature Review on the Spread of Health-related Misinformation on Social Media. Social Science & Medicine. Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7117034/pdf/main.pdf 

3. Swire-Thompson, B., and Lazer, D. Public Health and Online Misinformation: Challenges and Recommendations.(2020). Annual Reviews. Link: https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094127 

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