Sick Individuals / Sick Populations

In order to develop appropriate interventions to advance population health, Interdisciplinary teams are critical. In this episode, we spoke to Sandro Galea, Dean of the Boston University School of Public Health and key thought leader in population health to understand how he approaches interdisciplinary scholarship.

The challenges of climate change and environmental disasters for population health are mounting. We’re joined by Nick Shapiro, an interdisciplinary environmental health researcher and anthropologist, to learn about how he’s built out his innovative program of research weaving together justice, environment, data, and ethnography, and translating research to action.

Sick Individuals/Sick Populations comes to you LIVE from Minneapolis. We’re joined by first-time conference go-ers, our conference chairs, seasoned IAPHS veterans, and more surprise guests to debrief our return to IAPHS annual in-person conference.

Disclaimer: The sound quality for this episode is quiet during some sections. We hope you still enjoy this episode!

In preparation for the 2022 IAPHS Conference, we chat with this year’s conference chairs, Sean Valles and Kat Theall, to learn more about what to look forward to for this year’s conference

Podcast #9

Looking Ahead in an Unfinished Journey

References:

Kindig DA. 2015. Can There Be Political Common Ground for Improving Population Health? Milbank Q 93(1):24–27.

Kindig DA. 2007. Understanding Population Health Terminology. Milbank Q 85(1):139-161.

Kindig D, Nobles J, Zidan M. 2018. Meeting the Institute of Medicine's 2030 US Life Expectancy Target. Am J Public Health108(1):87-92.

McCullough JM, Speer M, Magnan S, Fielding JE, Kindig D, Teutsch SM. 2020. Reduction in US Health Care Spending Required to Meet the Institute of Medicine's 2030 Target. Am J Public Health 110(12):1735-1740.

Hughes-Cromwick P, Kindig D, Magnan S, Gourevitch M, Teutsch 2021. The Reallocationists Versus the Direct Allocationists. Health Affairs Forefront. August 6. https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/forefront.20210729.55316

Kindig D. 2022. The Promise of Population Health: A Scenario for the Next Two Decades. NAM Perspectives. Commentary, National Academy of Medicine. Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.31478/202203a

Kindig D. 2020. A Population Health Boot Camp. https://iaphs.org/a-population-health-boot-camp/

Wagstaff A. 2002. Inequality aversion, health inequalities and health achievement. J Health Econ 21(4):627–41. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12146594/

Podcast #8

Population Health Equity: Crucial and Complicated

Sanne asks Dave why a paper he worked on for three years “Thinking Clearly, Speaking Frankly about Health Equity” was never published…and whether the many complications of population health equity can detract from crucial action.

****Attach the Unpublished Draft Kindig Paper “Thinking Clearly and Speaking Frankly about Health Equity: Good and Fair Population Health”

References:

Asada Y, Whipp A, Kindig D, Billard B, Rudolph B. 2014. Inequalities in Multiple Health Outcomes by Education, Sex, and Race in 93 US Counties: Why We Should Measure Them All. Int J Equity Health 13:47. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-13-47

Kindig D, Lardinois N, Chatterjee D. 2016. Can States Simultaneously Improve Health Outcomes and Reduce Health Outcome Disparities? Prev Chronic Dis 13:160126. http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd13.160126

Kindig D, Lardinois N, Asada Y, Mullahy J. 2018. Considering Mean and Inequality Health Outcomes Together: the Population Health Performance Index. Int J Equity Health 17:25. DOI 10.1186/s12939-018-0731-2.

Givens ML, Kindig D, Inzeo PT, Faust V. 2018. Power: The Most Fundamental Cause of Health Inequity? Health Affairs Blog Feb 1. https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/forefront.20180129.731387/full/

Gundersen G, Pray L. 2009. Leading causes of life: five fundamentals to change the way you live your life. Abingdon Press, Nashville Tennessee.

Podcast #7

Population Health Equity:  Finding Common Ground

Dave explains his provocative and contrarian statement: “The effort to reduce health disparities is hindered by viewing health equity only in terms of racial inequities.” And he argues for seeing inequities through multiple lenses to find common ground.

References:

Kindig DA. 2015. Can There Be Political Common Ground for Improving Population Health? Milbank Q 93(1):24–27.

Haidt J. 2012. The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion. New York, NY. Pantheon Books.

Isenberg N. 2016. White Trash: the 400-Year Untold History of Class in America. New York, New York. Viking.

Kindig D. 2017. Population Health Equity: Rate and Burden, Race and Class. JAMA 317(5):467-468.

Kindig DA. 2020. Using Uncommon Data to Promote Common Ground for Reducing Infant Mortality. Milbank Q 98(1):18–21.

Podcast #6

It’s All About the Money

Sanne probes Dave’s efforts to promote rebalancing to upstream investments, calling in 2015 for per capita investment benchmarks for all determinants. He discusses the potential but yet unrealized promise of ACO Shared Savings, the Hospital Community Benefit IRS requirement, and local health outcome trusts.

References:

Kindig DA, Isham G. 2014. Population Health Improvement: A Community Health Business Model That Engages Partners in All Sectors. Front Health Serv Manage 30(4):3-20.

Rosenbaum S, Kindig DA, Bao J, Byrnes M, O’Laughlin C. 2015. The Value of the Nonprofit Hospital Tax Exemption Was $24.6 Billion in 2011. Health Affairs 34(7):1225-1233.

https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/10.1377/hlthaff.2014.1424

Bakken E, Kindig DA. 2012. Is Hospital Community Benefit Charity Care? Wisconsin Medical Journal 111(5):215-219.

Kindig D. 2016. To Launch and Sustain Local Health Outcome Trusts, Focus On ‘Backbone Resources’. Health Affairs Blog February 10. https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/forefront.20160210.053102/full/

Kindig D. 2015. From Health Determinant Benchmarks to Health Investment Benchmarks. Chronic Dis 12:150010. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd12.150010

Kindig DA, Milstein B. 2018. A Balanced Investment Portfolio for Equitable Health and Well-Being Is an Imperative, and Within Reach. Health Affairs 37(4):579-584. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1463

Podcast #5

Picking Up Steam 2006-2014

County Health Rankings Model

Dave tells us about how the population health idea began to catch on, in scholarship as well as in the County Health Rankings, Federal Medicare and Medicaid. The momentum continued in his blog and the founding of the Institute of Medicine Roundtable on Population Health Improvement …saying to Robert Wood Johnson  “…they couldn’t say no”.

References:

Kindig DA, Asada Y, Booske B. 2008. A Population Health Framework for Setting National and State Health Goals. JAMA 299(17):2081-2083.

Kindig D. 2008. Beyond the Triple Aim: Integrating the Nonmedical Sectors. Health Affairs Blog May 19. https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/forefront.20080519.000393/full/

Peppard PE, Kindig DA, Dranger E, Jovaag A, Remington PL. 2008. Ranking Community Health Status to Stimulate Discussion of Local Public Health Issues: The Wisconsin County Health Rankings. Am J Public Health 98(2):209-212.

Kindig DA, Booske BC, Remington PL. 2010. Mobilizing Action Toward Community Health (MATCH): Metrics, Incentives, and Partnerships for Population Health. Prev Chronic Dis 7(4). https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/collections/pdf/PCD_MATCH_2010_web.pdf

Kindig D. Feb 3, 2017. https://iaphs.org/improving-population-health-continuing-journey/

Kindig D. 2011-2014. Improving Population Health: Ideas and Action. Electronic blog collection (43 posts). https://uwphi.pophealth.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/316/2018/03/blog-collection-final-2014-04-05.pdf

7. The Roundtable on Population Health Improvement. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/roundtable-on-population-health-improvement

Podcast #4

The Lonely Years

Sanne encourages Dave to explain why he describes this period of slow up-take as “lonely,” despite several major presentations, and how a rejected paper returned to prominence.

References:

Kindig DA. 1999. Beyond Health Services Research (Association for Health Services Research (AHSR) Presidential Speech). Health Services Research 34(1):205-214.

Kindig DA. 2006. A Pay-for-Population Health Performance System. JAMA 296(21):2611-2613.

Kindig DA. 2007. Understanding Population Health Terminology. Milbank Q 85(1):139-161.