In May 1980, Julian Robertson started a hedge fund with $8.8 million borrowed from friends and family.

Eighteen years later, it was worth $22 billion — a gain of over 259,000 percent, outpacing the S&P 500 by nineteen percentage points every single year.

He had survived Black Monday, exposed a billion-dollar copper fraud, and built an army of disciples who would go on to manage hundreds of billions.

Then, in the spring of 2000, he walked away — not because he was wrong, but because the market refused to admit he was right. Being right too early cost him everything.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.#JulianRobertson #TigerManagement #HedgeFund #WallStreetHistory #FinancialHistory #Investing #DotComBubble #ValueInvesting #StockMarket #TigerCubs📖 CHAPTERS0:00 The Letter That Stopped Wall Street1:39 A Boy From the Carolina Piedmont6:11 Twenty-Two Years at Kidder Peabody10:59 Tiger Is Born18:17 The Psychology of Winning25:45 Black Monday and the Bounce Back31:52 The Copper King and the Wizard38:38 Twenty-Two Billion Dollars47:45 The Yen Squeeze and the Dot-Com Tide56:29 Right Too Early — The Final Reckoning

In June 2019, a financial wellness educator from Brockton, Massachusetts put $53,000 into a stock every Wall Street professional had written off as dead.

He posted his analysis on a forum built around catastrophic losses, wore a red headband on YouTube, and held his position through two years of decline, public mockery, and regulatory scrutiny.

Then January 2021 arrived — and a Reddit community, a viral tweet, and the most extreme short position in the American market collided in 72 hours of trading that erased nearly $20 billion from some of the most powerful hedge funds on earth.

Sometimes the most dangerous investor in the room is the one nobody is watching.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.

#GameStop #WallStreetBets #RoaringKitty #ShortSqueeze #KeithGill #MelvinCapital #Robinhood #StockMarket #FinancialHistory #InvestingDocumentary📖 CHAPTERS0:00 The Comfortable Short1:25 The Man from Brockton3:34 A Dying Store & A Perfect Setup15:09 The Crowd Finds the Trade18:52 Ryan Cohen Lights the Fuse22:34 The Squeeze Begins32:58 The Morning Everything Broke41:11 Fallout, Silence & Return

There is a fund almost no one on Earth has ever been allowed to invest in, and for more than thirty years it returned roughly 66% a year before fees, more than tripling Warren Buffett.

The man who built it, Jim Simons, was a mathematician and Cold War codebreaker who had never managed money professionally. He hired physicists, astronomers and codebreakers instead of bankers, made up to 39 million trades a year, and died in 2024 worth $31 billion - the wealthiest mathematician in history.

How he did it is still locked inside a silent building on Long Island.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.

#JimSimons #RenaissanceTechnologies #MedallionFund #StockMarket #FinancialHistory #Quant #HedgeFund #Investing #WallStreet #Mathematics

In November 2023, a jury in Lower Manhattan deliberated for less than four hours before finding Sam Bankman-Fried guilty on all seven counts.

At his peak he had been worth twenty-six billion dollars — sleeping on a beanbag, testifying before Congress in shorts, donating millions to charity, and presenting himself as the responsible face of a chaotic industry.

Underneath it all, a single hidden line of code gave his trading firm access to an unlimited, invisible credit line drawn directly from his customers' deposits. He stole from the people who trusted him.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.#SamBankmanFried #FTXCollapse #CryptoFraud #AlamedaResearch #CryptoHistory #FinancialScandal #FTX #CryptoDocumentary #FinanceHistory #DarkSideOfTheMarkets📖 CHAPTERS0:00 The Verdict1:22 A Mind Built for Doubt6:16 Jane Street & The Kimchi Trade16:18 Building the Machine17:50 The Hidden Backdoor24:29 The Bull Run & The Buyout38:46 The Hole in the Books50:12 The Bank Run1:01:58 Trial, Verdict & Aftermath

In January 1980, silver hit $50 an ounce. A year earlier it had cost $6. Behind that staggering rise were two Texan brothers — Nelson Bunker Hunt and William Herbert Hunt — who had spent seven years quietly accumulating one of the largest private hoards of silver in history.This is the story of how they did it, why they did it, and how it all came crashing down in a single catastrophic week that nearly brought the American financial system to its knees.We go back to the beginning: to H.L. Hunt, the wildcatter father who distrusted banks, stockpiled cash, and preached that paper money was a fiction. We trace Bunker's rise through Libyan oil fields, his devastating expropriation by Qaddafi, and the conviction that hardened inside him — that only physical silver, sitting in a vault you controlled, was truly safe.You'll learn how the brothers secretly partnered with Saudi businessmen to pool billions in oil wealth, how they used leveraged futures contracts to amplify their bet to almost incomprehensible scale, and how the COMEX exchange — whose own governors held conflicting short positions — passed an emergency rule that froze the market and triggered the collapse.We cover Silver Thursday in full: the margin calls, the emergency bank bailout, the congressional hearings, and the billion-dollar antitrust verdict. And we follow both brothers through bankruptcy into their very different endings.Whether this was a sincere inflation hedge, a deliberate corner, or something in between is a question that economists still argue about today. We present the evidence and let you decide.If you enjoy financial history told in full, with the human drama left intact, subscribe — we publish new episodes every week.📖 CHAPTERS0:00 The Day Silver Hit $501:38 The Father Who Feared Paper Money4:11 The Sons Who Inherited His Fear7:29 The Libyan Catastrophe20:45 The Secret Saudi Alliance26:55 Silverware Into Gold40:35 Silver Thursday: The Collapse49:08 Bankruptcy, Verdicts & Redemption🔔 Subscribe for more financial history documentaries

In December 1871, a train arrived in York carrying a coffin. Thousands lined the streets to watch it pass. The man inside had once controlled a third of all the railways in Britain — received by dukes, dined with prime ministers, and called a king by the most celebrated wit of the age. When auditors opened his accounts after his death, they found personal assets worth less than two hundred pounds.This is the story of George Hudson — orphaned at eight, apprenticed to a draper at fifteen, transformed overnight by a mysterious inheritance of thirty thousand pounds, and then launched on one of the most spectacular rises in Victorian financial history. At his peak, Hudson commanded over a thousand miles of railway track, reshaped the map of industrial Britain, and sat at the very centre of the railway mania of the 1840s.But behind the dividends and the prestige lay a system that could not hold. In this episode, we trace exactly how Hudson built his railway empire, how the accounting worked, why investors believed him for so long, and how it finally unravelled — stripping him of his homes, his seats in Parliament, and his standing in the city that once worshipped him.This is financial history told in full: the mechanics of Victorian share speculation, the psychology of mania, and the human cost of a collapse that ruined thousands of ordinary investors across Britain.If you find this kind of deep-dive financial history useful, subscribing helps us make more of it.📖 CHAPTERS0:00 A Coffin Arrives in York4:50 Born in a Village, Leaving a Debt9:40 The Draper's Apprentice16:00 The Inheritance That Changed Everything22:00 Building an Empire of Credit28:00 The Railway King Is Born34:00 How the Fraud Actually Worked40:00 The Shareholders Turn46:00 Exile and Disgrace52:00 Two Hundred Pounds56:00 What York Remembered🔔 Subscribe for more financial history documentaries

For almost a decade, Marty Schwartz — Columbia MBA, Marine Corps captain, and a top securities analyst — could pick winning stocks for everyone but himself, losing money in his own account year after year.

Then he changed one idea: "I'd rather be profitable than right." He threw out fundamental analysis, traded price and a simple moving average, mastered money management, and in 1984 won the United States Investing Championship with a roughly 210% average, beating every pro in the field...

earning the name the Pit Bull of Wall Street. But the stress nearly killed him. This is the trader who put a stop-loss on every position except his own life.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.#MartySchwartz #PitBull #WallStreet #DayTrading #MarketWizards #TradingPsychology #FinancialHistory #StockMarket #Trader #Investing

In August 1998 the most brilliant hedge fund in history - Long-Term Capital Management, run by two Nobel laureates and the most feared bond trader on Wall Street... lost $553 million in a single day, a loss its own models called almost impossible.

When Russia defaulted on its own currency, every safe bet the fund held began losing at once, and 44% of its capital vanished in a month.

The Federal Reserve had to summon Wall Street's 14 biggest banks to put up $3.6 billion and take it over — no taxpayer money. The cruel twist: the trades were right. Within a year they would have made a fortune. The geniuses just couldn't survive long enough to be proven right.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.#LTCM #LongTermCapital #WallStreet #FinancialHistory #Nobel #JohnMeriwether #HedgeFund #1998Crisis #StockMarket #Finance

In 1994, two future Nobel laureates, a former vice chairman of the Federal Reserve, and the most feared bond trader on Wall Street raised a record $1.25 billion to build the perfect money machine: Long-Term Capital Management.

For three years it printed returns of 20%, then 43%, then 41% — until leverage near 28-to-1 and derivative bets approaching $1 trillion turned genius into the most dangerous fund in the world. This is Chapter 1: the rise of the dream team, before the fall.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.#LTCM #LongTermCapital #WallStreet #FinancialHistory #Nobel #JohnMeriwether #MyronScholes #HedgeFund #StockMarket #Finance

Paul Tudor Jones spent roughly 25 straight years without a single losing year, averaging nearly 20% annually and returning about 87% in 1990 alone by shorting Japan's collapsing Nikkei.

Then 2008 broke the streak — not because he was wrong about the crash, but because his fund was trapped in positions too illiquid to sell, finishing down almost 5% for the first and only time.

Along the way he co-founded the Robin Hood Foundation in 1988, whose 2010 gala raised nearly $88 million in a single night with Shakira performing for Lloyd Blankfein and Jamie Dimon.

The story of how the man who called Black Monday became Wall Street's conscience.🎧 Part of the Sleepy Stock Market series — financial history told as documentary audio.SLEEPY STOCK MARKETFall asleep to the greatest stories in financial history.#PaulTudorJones #HedgeFund #MacroTrading #WallStreet #StockMarket #FinancialHistory #Investing #Nikkei #RobinHoodFoundation #2008Crash