Snippit Sports Science

Snippit 2 ► Heat and Performance


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This week’s podcast delves into the concept of passive heat maintenance (PHM) in elite swimmers.  The concept of PHM around warm-up and competitive performance is simple:
One of the benefits of warm-up is an increase in muscle temperature
From cessation of warm-up, we start to lose muscle temperature
For every 1 degree C in muscle temperature we lose (or gain), there is a 4% loss (or gain) in power output
Within 20 min, you can lose 45% of heat gained by warm-up, and by 45 min, any gain in muscle temperature has been completely lost
You can maintain muscle temperature passively by using specialised garments that have heating panels or by using simple heat reflective survival blankets
If you want a more detailed discussion of PHM, visit Chris's personal blog: https://chrisgaviglio.com/blogs/news/improve-performance-by-4-do-this-one-simple-thing
 
  
Today's episode is:
J Sci Med Sport. 2016 Apr; 19(4):354-8
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1440244015000948
Epub 2015 Apr 30
 
Heated jackets and dryland-based activation exercises used as additional warm-ups during transition enhance sprint swimming performance.
McGowan CJ, Thompson KG, Pyne DB, Raglin JS, Rattray B.
 
Abstract
 
OBJECTIVES:
The lengthy competition transition phases commonly experienced by competitive swimmers may mitigate the benefits of the pool warm-up. To combat this, we examined the impact of additional passive and active warm-up strategies on sprint swimming performance.
 
DESIGN:
Counterbalanced, repeated-measures cross-over study.
 
METHODS:
Sixteen junior competitive swimmers completed a standardised pool warm-up followed by a 30min transition and 100m freestyle time-trial. Swimmers completed four different warm-up strategies during transition: remained seated wearing a conventional tracksuit top and pants (Control), wore an insulated top with integrated heating elements (Passive), performed a 5min dryland-based exercise circuit (Dryland), or a combination of Passive and Dryland (Combo). Swimming time-trial performance, core and skin temperature and perceptual variables were monitored. Time variables were normalised relative to Control.
 
RESULTS:
Both Combo (-1.05±0.26%; mean±90% confidence limits, p=0.00) and Dryland (-0.68±0.34%; p=0.02) yielded faster overall time-trial performances, with start times also faster for Combo (-0.37±0.07%; p=0.00) compared to Control. Core temperature declined less during transition with Combo (-0.13±0.25°C; p=0.01) and possibly with Dryland (-0.24±0.13°C; p=0.09) compared to Control (-0.64±0.16°C), with a smaller reduction in core temperature related to better time-trial performance (R(2)=0.91; p=0.04).
 
CONCLUSIONS:
Dryland-based exercise circuits completed alone and in combination with the application of heated tracksuit jackets during transition can significantly improve sprint swimming performance. Attenuation in the decline of core temperature and a reduction in start time appear as likely mechanisms.
 
Copyright © 2015 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
 
KEYWORDS:
Core temperature; Passive heating; Swim performance
 
PMID: 25987491
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.04.012 
 
 
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Snippit Sports ScienceBy SnippitScience