Supply and Demand: A New Prospective
To most people, economics is an abstruse subject that touches little upon their lives. However, at its core, economics is a social science that derives all its complicated models and formulas from an examination of real-life actions by common people. Below I have compiled several instances where classic economic principles are implicated.
Marginal Utility
Have you ever wondered why a one-liter bottle of water only sells for 3 yuan when a 500 mL bottle sets you back 2 yuan? Well, there's simple economic reasoning behind it. The key word here is marginal utility--which can be roughly defined as your craving for the next unit of a good or service. An important property of marginal utility is that is constantly decreasing. In this example, your desire to have one more liter of water decreases as you have more of it. In economics, it is assumed that more is better so even though your desire is diminished, you still want more of whatever it is though you wouldn't want it as much.
Thus you would still want to pay more for more water but not as much money as you would for the first 500mL.To fully capitalize on your desire for water, companies price their products along the consumer's utility curve.
Opportunity Cost
Another elemental principle of economics is that the actual cost of something is what you give up for it.Let me give you a for-instance. Say you enjoy doing homework, and you're having trouble deciding which subject's homework to overdo first. What you should contemplate is not what you would gain from doing one piece of homework but what you would lose. So next time your thinking of doing politics homework, remember to take into account what you could have gained by doing math or physics. So this newspaper’s advice to you is that don’t ever do politics homework because the opportunity far outweighs the benefit.
Inflation
There is a myriad of theories involving why and how inflation materializes. However, I'm not here to bore you with a boring lecture on money supply and M2 circulation. So allow me to present you with an example from our everyday student life.I feel sorry for the people who had to copy the questions from our most recent math quiz but pitty aside, I was also intrigued to hear that the number of times they have to copy lines for has doubled since the last punishment was instituted. Why was that I wondered. And here, I wish to offer a version of an explanation that I came up with. My theory is that with time, the value of your copying the questions one time has decreased. And the supply of time you can allocate to producing copies has increased in effect making one worth less in its opportunity cost. Inflation is fueled by an oversized money supply and aggregate demand which is implicated here.
Thank you for reading the first article in this week's edition of 'Ganilaij'sGazette'.