Tefillah Outlined

Introduction to תקיעת שופר, explaining the function of and reason for the various times we blast the שופר in our תפילה, the significance of the שופר's sounds as well as several themes which are associated with the experience. 

Explanation of the insertion of קדושת היום, where we add that ימים נוראים should enable the revelation of the מלכות ה׳ as well as our internalization of this מלכות, either as a source of דין or praise of Hashem, as well as the need to need to serve Hashem with truth and consistency to mimic ה׳ Who expresses the מידה of truth or be a זכות for us to experience the מידת האמת and mercy.

Explanation of ובכך תן פחדך, where we ask for Hashem to instill fear in our live to inspire us and the world to recognize Hashem's kingdom, leading to the גאולה and the perfection of the world. This comes as the full manifestation of קדושה, transcendence found in this world.

Explanation of the origins and meaning of the various additions were recite during שמונה עשרה of the ימים נוראים, where we highlight not simply our request for life but our goal in life, דבקות בה׳, the ultimate praise of Hashem.

Explanation of ותודיענו, were we discuss Hashem informing us of Torah, appreciating קדושת שבת ויו״ט, and recognizing the distinction between קדושה and חול, including קדושת שבת יו״ט וישראל.

Explanation of מוסף לשלש רגלים, were we express our inability to offer the קרבן מוסף and ask for the גאולה and ability to offer קרבנות and perform עלייה לרגל.

Explanation of י-ה א-לי, the introduction for מוסף בשלש רגלים where we ask for the גאולה (even the ימי הדין) and express our desire to internalize these truths as a merit for ability to actually offer the מוסף and its accompanying קרבנות.

Explanation of י״ג מידות הרחמים and the request for spiritual enlightenment  inspiration and fulfillment of Hashem's will in this world.

Explanation of אתה בחרתו, where we highlight בחירת ישראל and the love and commitment between Hashem and כלל ישראל which serve as the basis for קדושת הזמן of Yom Tov. We also ask for Yom Tov to impact our lives with a deeper appreciation of life and service of Hashem.

Reflections on ראש חודש, highlighting the elements of renewal (nature, self and our understanding of Hashem) as well as the ultimate renewal of the Jewish people and the world, with the גאולה. We also noted some of the similarities between שבת and ראש חודש.