Terms Of Reference Podcast

You’ve heard me lament more than a few times on this podcast about the fact that innovation in the social sector is often times synonymous with technology. We talk a lot about how phones and apps and data are accelerating change and opening up opportunities for those in need. And, of course, being something of a super geek, I admit I love these conversations.

But, I’m also aware of this narrow focus, and so, when I get a chance to highlight other forms of innovation, I pounce. The innovator I’m excited to introduce to you on today’s 160th Terms of Reference Podcast hasn’t created a new technology. Rather, his organization has recognized that prestige is its own type of economy for street kids. So much so, that as the opportunity to earn prestige has flourished through their programs, it has literally transformed the lives of tens of thousands of youth across latin America.

My guest is Kurt Shaw. He is the Executive Director of the Shine A Light foundation. Shine a Light teaches digital arts - think video, movie making, audio storytelling - to marginalized children all over Latin America. And, as you’ll hear in our discussion, their work has had serious, measurable impact on street kids in many different countries.

Perhaps the quality I enjoy the most about this conversation with Kurt is his humility and recognition that he and Shine a Light are facilitators that help to unlock potential, and the kids they work with are the real inspiration. So much so that their movies, art, comics, books and other productions have won several awards - locally and internationally.

The availability of continuous power - that is, the assumption that you can plug in an appliance, or flip a switch without wondering whether or not electrons will flow - is a hallmark of civilization. So much so, that a great deal of what holds up our global economy would not be possible without the assurance that we can keep the lights on (or at least turn them on) 24/7.

So, what do you do when the power goes out? Do you call your local utility? Do you investigate your community breaker box? Or perhaps you view it as a unexpected respite from the daily grind and simply relax.

In some parts of the world, utilities have moved to a system that utilizes “smart meters.” These devices not only allow the utility to control access to power, but they can also alert the utility when power stops. But smart meters are expensive and may not be a silver bullet, especially in emerging economies.

My guests for today’s 159th Terms of Reference Podcast, Noah Klugman and Jay Taneja, recognized the limitations of smart meters and have created a different approach to understanding when the power goes out, called Gridwatch. Gridwatch harnesses data captured by the sensors in mobile phones to recognize when a power failure has occurred and notify the local utility.

I think just talking bout how Gridwatch was born and what they’ve achieved over the past few years would be enough for today’s show. But amazingly, I think you’ll find real value in our conversation about the future of electrification and how a small start up with a high-value product, is now currently iterating that product to serve needs that have been identified by their users as even more important then getting the power back on.

I’d like to start today’s episode with a quick, informal poll. Ask yourself: as a social sector professional, do you regularly receive calls or emails from the people who you’re trying to help where they ask - with great anticipation - about when the next version of your project or programme will be released?

While this regularly happens for other sectors, like mobile phones, automobiles, and fashion, for the vast majority of us in the social sector, the answer to this question is, emphatically, no.

The disconnect that this question exposes is the foundation that Dennis Whittle, who is my guest for today’s 158th Terms of Reference Podcast, stumbled upon a few years back and which has now grown into a powerful collaborative effort to change how we help those in need.

Dennis is the Executive Director of Feedback Labs, an organization that aims to change the norms in development, aid, and philanthropic policy to be more responsive to the people that those policies aim to help. Before Feedback Labs, Dennis was the co-founder of the groundbreaking Global Giving platform.

This is an important conversation because after we talk about the origins of Feedback Labs, we get into how they are helping to flip the, generally, top-down approach of the social sector to one that is truly responsive to local needs. The organizations that make up Feedback Labs believe we’re now at a stage where you cannot NOT afford to get feedback from those you seek to help and Dennis beautifully relates common issues faced by organizations and governments in being adaptive.

So I invite you to sit back and enjoy this conversation with Dennis that looks to a future where feedback is not only the connected thing to do, but also the expected thing to do.

If there is any one question I get asked more than any other from professionals in the social sector, it is some variation of this: “How do I raise money for my organization, cause or program?” And, there is usually a quick follow up that goes something like, “and, how do I raise money sustainably?”

Fundraising, marketing, business development, sales… call it what you want… will always be the greatest problem for the social sector. The reason I know this is because it remains the greatest problem for any business, regardless of the sector. Getting individuals to part with their hard earned cash is never an easy prospect, whether your talking about a new pair of shoes, supporting Syrian refugees or anything in-between.

There are many good answers to this question, depending upon a number of variables, and there are actually a ton of fantastic success stories in the social sector.

But today’s episode is focused on crowdfunding and how this powerful platform can be used as a part of a successful strategy within the social sector.

My guest for the 157th Terms of Reference Podcast, Jason Best, is more than an expert on crowdfunding - he actually is one of the original authors of what eventually became the Jobs Act in the United States, a law that fundamentally changed the investment landscape by allowing crowdfunding for equity, or an ownership stake of a company. Jason is a Co-Founder of CrowdFund Capital Advisors and a Venture Partner at Vectr Ventures. He works with governments and policy makers about how to make online fundraising available, with financial technology innovators about how to create solutions that respond to opportunities created by new policies and regulations and with large institutions and corporations to understand the market shift brought about by crowdfunding.

This is an important episode where Jason and I talk about the 460 day campaign to get the Jobs Act signed into law, and how crowdfunding has fundamentally shifted how the social sector should think about fundraising now, and for the future.

A great deal of the actual “work” delivered in the social sector comes in the form of services. Of these services, the lowest hanging fruit is skill building, often known as capacity building. But there are, of course, many other flavors of services - everything from helping to draft policies and plans, to the know-how behind running a power grid, to mapping service centers for at-risk youth. My point here is that delivering services is a tried and tangible means for getting your hands dirty helping others.

While not new by any account, one of the more exciting areas of the social sectors is the delivery of products. I think product delivery is especially interesting for a number of reasons. The design and delivery of products offer the opportunity for true leapfrog moments, and the measurement of success of a product is extremely tangible. Finally, in most cases the evolution of a product, as it iterates and is improved over time, is again extremely tangible.

But, as we already know, designing, delivering and properly servicing products is a challenging prospect, even in the best of circumstances. When you also add the challenges associated with emerging economies and context, those challenges are multiplied. This is why I’m excited to have Krista Donalson as my guest for the 156th Terms of Reference Podcast. Krista is the CEO of D-Rev, an organization that designs and delivers medical technologies that close the quality healthcare gap for under-served populations.

As you’ve come to expect from our guests, Krista has been driving innovation in product design, engineering, and international development for more than 15 years. And, Her work has won her acclaim as one of Fast Company’s Co.Design 50 Designers Shaping the Future, a TED speaker, and a World Economic Forum Technology Pioneer.

You’re going to love this conversation about D-Rev’s origins, the choices made to focus their product lines and the challenges around finding high-quality suppliers and servicing. We also talk about my favorite aspect of their work - the never ending march towards making products that people are obsessed with.

As you may have noticed over the past few months, I’ve been talking more and more about the “social sector.” As I’m sure you’ll have assumed, this has been intentional on my part to begin to reach out beyond my comfort zone of humanitarian aid and international development to the wider community of social actors; people who consider themselves social entrepreneurs, philanthropists and even intrapreneurs who see opportunity within their existing companies and organization to make change that will both serve those in need, but also improve our prospects for human flourishing.

It is in this context that I’m excited to introduce you to Lev Gonick, the CEO of DigitalC. As you’ll hear in our conversation, Lev is passionate about how technology can be used as an enabling platform to bring change to legacy cities.

Now, like me, you may ask what exactly is a “legacy city”? Here’s how DigitalC frames it: Many communities that were built on a 20th century manufacturing base now face the challenge of transitioning to a digital economy. Communities everywhere need strategies and practical programming that support their transition.

So, again as you’ll hear just a minute, places like Cleveland, where Lev lives, were once the pinnacle of modern civilization, but now find themselves with realities that are more akin to sub-Saharan Africa in terms of individual outcomes, like infant mortality or higher education.

And, while it comes out clearly in our conversation, I don’t think we could have a better guest on the show to talk about the needs of legacy cities and how powerful solutions can be crafted. From 2001 to 2013, Lev was Chief Information Officer at Case Western Reserve University and his leadership helped create the Case Connection Zone, catalyze national initiatives such as US Ignite, (which was launched by the White House Office of Science and Technology Planning), and Gig.U. As you can imagine, this work has resulted in Lev being recognized and awarded for his achievements in numerous place.

I know you’re going to love this show about how Lev’s team is helping people in need from Cleveland to Morocco by helping to build new civic agendas, introducing new technologies and opening access to the promises of big data.

For as long as I have been a social sector professional, there has always been a desire to do more partnering with the “private sector.” And, by that I mean traditional, for profit or commercial enterprises like Coke, Toyota or Airbus. In fact, 14 years ago, the capstone project of my Masters degree at American University was, I’m not kidding, “The Role of The Private Sector in Conflict Resolution.” My point here is that this is not a new topic by any stretch.

No matter how you’d like to approach it, the reason why we don’t see more traditional investment in parts of the world where its necessary to send aid or development assistance can be boiled down to one word: risk. Money, or more specifically the individuals who control money, large and small amounts alike, do not like to place that money at risk of being lost. Unfortunately, the places where social sector actors choose to align there sights for action can readily be characterized along a scale of increasing risk.

But here’s the thing - the money, or again the individuals who control the money, are also constantly on the lookout for new opportunities that offer potentially high rates of return. And, funny enough, you guessed it, the places where those of us in the social sector live and work are also places that offer tremendous potential markets and high-return opportunities.

So what’s an investor to do?

Luckily, Joan Larrea has agreed to be my guest on today’s 154th Terms of Reference Podcast. Joan is the CEO of Convergence, an institution that connects, educates, and supports investors to execute blended finance transactions that increase private sector investment in emerging markets. Joan has 20 years of experience in emerging markets investing. She led the U.S. Overseas Private Investment Corporation's efforts to partner with philanthropic and private investors, she was a managing director on the emerging markets team at Global Environment Fund and she began her career as an investment officer at International Finance Corporation.

This episode is a fantastic conversation about how Convergence is attempting to breath life into investments that would otherwise be too risky for the traditional private sector.

We not only discuss the three ways in which Convergence works, but we also touch on several of the deals they have helped bring to life. We also talk about the reasons why this type of investing can be so difficult for everyone involved and where that trepidation comes from.

Because I am something of a super geek, and what I like to think of as the new-old guard (I mean, I had a TRS-80 in my house growing up), when I hear the term "defragment," the first thing I think of is hard drives. Fortunately, for everyone's sake, that's not what we are here to talk about today. Instead on today's 153rd Terms of Reference Podcast, I speak with Jason Wendle. He is the Director of the Rural and Agricultural Finance Learning Lab, which focuses on identifying more and better financial solutions for smallholders.

In our conversation, Jason and I discuss the continued fragmentation of the financial market seeking to serve small hold farmers and how the Lab and its many partners are working to connect the dots between the necessary trifecta of access to markets, knowledge, and finance. I'm sure you'll love this talk about the types of financial difficulties facing smallholder farmers, how fintech is starting to bridge the gap, but also how, ultimately it will also take a conscious evolution from traditional lenders to find true scale and sustainability.

How much do we really embrace failure in the social sector? I ask this question because, as someone who has been lucky enough to be a part of the evaluation revolution over the past decade, embracing failure at an institutional level still remains elusive. Organizations and individuals alike still remain reluctant to lay bare the shortcomings of their efforts for a number of reasons that go well beyond just the fear of losing donor funding or having a black mark on your CV.

Unfortunately, I’m not here today with a clear cut answer about how to embrace failure other than doing so ultimately requires the same focus and discipline that you would apply to any other skill. You must not specifically incorporate the recognition of failure into your planning and design, you must also be willing to practice it every day, ruthlessly.

The good news is that, like so many other things, we know beyond a shadow of a doubt that if you can create this discipline and practice in your life, you’ll learn faster, be more adaptable and, perhaps most importantly, the successes you do achieve will be that much sweeter.

My guest for the 152nd Terms of Reference Podcast, Nithya Ramanathan, is someone who definitely embraces failure. So much so that the organization she co-founded, NexLeaf Analytics, recently published an article that enumerated the company’s failures for all the world to read about. Nexleaf focuses on how we can better use data to make a difference for those in need. More specifically, Nexleaf focuses on the use of low cost sensors to improve things like cold storage for vaccines or cookstoves for rural families, among many other applications.

But, as you’ll hear in just a few minutes, while data is important for Nexleaf, it isn’t the true driving force behind their work. And this is where Nithya underscores in our conversation about the need to embrace failure and to continue to evolve your programs, processes and even yourself.

One of my favorite things about data analysis is when trends emerge unexpectedly. So often, when sifting through data we find exactly what we’re looking for. But its those moments when we’re presented with something unusual that are the real special event. This holds for why I love the monitoring and evaluation process in the social sector. So often I start an assignment with a client with a “view” about what will result from the research, only to find that after weeks - or more often months - of living with the data, conversations and documentation, I see alternative views clearly displayed.

The trend I’m pleased has revealed itself to spark this editorial is disruption of the social sector. Somehow the universe conspired to allow me to have our past two guests on the show (Paula Kravitz and Chris Blattman), both of whom have specific views on how we can evolve the sector. Today’s guest is, happily, another voice whose decades of experience have lead to our conversation about yet another aspect of our work that is overdue for a rethink: the ever present silos we find everyday in our work.

Silos are everywhere - within organizations, across humanitarian responses, within countries accepting development assistance and even within our own minds about how our worldview and approaches to our work. This isn’t a new problem, and one I can personally attest is alive and well. So much so that the term “multi-sectoral initiative” is something donors are interested in hearing and a topic that was a key focus for a recent guest here on TOR - Patrick Fine, the CEO of FHI 360 as he talked about “integrated development.”

My guest for the 151st episode of the Terms of Reference Podcast is Tim France, Managing Director of Inis Communication. Tim came to his passion for communicate through the health sector, in which he holds a PhD and has worked for the World Health Organization's Global Programme on AIDS and UNAIDS, the Roll Back Malaria Partnership, the Foundation du Présent, and the founding of Health & Development Networks.

I’m excited to bring you this conversation about a new tool developed by Inis, called SGD Insights, and how that becomes a platform for Tim and I to talk about the need for disrupting the social sector to break down our silos - and why this has never been more important