Scientific advances in reproductive technology now allow for infertile couples,  LGBTQ+  couples or even single people to have a child in an almost infinite variety of ways in many cases without sexual intercourse. My guest, Klaus Käppeli, MSc, a Swiss psychologist and psychotherapist specializes in treating children born by AI, IVF and other third-party conception techniques who have developed emotional problems such as depression, anxiety, persistent crying, hyper vigilance and the like. Over the last decade, Klaus  has treated more than 50 such children. He relates some of their case histories and the therapeutic interventions he has employed to help them resolve their issues. We discuss strategies that parents contemplating this route to having a child may utilize to avoid potentially traumatizing their children.

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