In scripture

Bartholomew

Only in the listings

Matthew 10:3; Mark 3:18; Luke 6:14; Acts 1:13

Called Nathanael in the book of John (John 1:45-49)

First to declare belief in Jesus as the Son of God, King of Israel

Jesus promised him greater wonders to come

Named together with other apostles in John 21:2-4

Bartholomew means “Son of Tolmai”

Thomas

Willing to die: John 11:16

Didn’t know: John 14:1-6

Prove it: John 20:24-28

Such a bad thing? Acts 17:10-12

Difference between him and us

Matthew

Also called Levi

Tax collector – Matthew 9:9; Mark 2:14; Luke 5:27-29

No other mention other than listing of apostles

James son of Alpheus (the Less)

Mother’s name was Mary – Mark 16:1

Probably the James of Acts 12:17; 15:13; 21:18

Apparently well-respected among the apostles

Possibly prominent

Not certain about I Corinthians 15:7

Galatians 1:19 problematic – different from James the son of Alpheus

Author of book of James?

Book of James – compare with Sermon on the Mount

Persecution – James 1:2; Matthew 5:10-12

Perfection – James 1:4; Matthew 5:48

Praying in faith – James 1:5; 5:15; Matthew 7:7-12

Wrath – James 1:20; Matthew 5:22

Mercy – James 2:13; Matthew 5:7

Obedience – James 2:14-16; Matthew 7:21-23

Being peaceable – James 3:17-18; Matthew 5:9

Serving two masters – James 4:4; Matthew 6:24

Humility – James 4:10; Matthew 5:3-4

Judgment – James 4:11-12; Matthew 7:1-2

Perishable riches – James 5:1-3; Matthew 6:19

Patience in suffering – James 5:10-11; Matthew 5:12

Swearing – James 5:12; Matthew 5:33-37

Thaddaeus (Lebbaeus, Judas)

Only seen in listings of the apostles

Son of James (not the apostle James)

Not the brother of James

John 14:21-24

Simon the Zealot, Zelotes, Canaanite

Judas Iscariot

Foretelling: Psalms 69:25; 109:8; John 6:71

Misconduct: John 12:1-8

Betrayal: Matthew 26:14-16, 21-25, 47-50

Mark 14

Luke 22

John 18

Acts 1:15-25

Difference between Judas and Nathanael

John 1:49

Matthew 26:14-16

Matthias

Acts 1:12-16

No other reference in scripture

In history and tradition

Bartholomew (Nathanael)

Preached throughout Parthia as far as India

Translated book of Matthew into Sanskrit

Moved on to Armenia and preached there

Joined Philip in Hierapolis, nearly martyred there

Description of Bartholomew by Indians

Black, curly hair with white skin and large eyes

Hair over his ears and long, grisly bead, medium height

Voice like a trumpet, able to speak any language

Wore same clothes and shoes many years with no wear