Lesson five: the apostles in scripture

Apostles as a group

Called “The Apostles” or “The Twelve”

They accompanied Jesus most of the time

Luke 7:11; 8:1

Matthew 20:17-19

Not always together with Jesus

Mark 6:7-13

John 6:15

They were given authority

Matthew 10:1

Mark 3:13-15

And instructions

Luke 9:1-6

Matthew 10:5-15

Luke 24:44-53

Apostles in smaller numbers

Peter, James, and John

Matthew 17:1-9

Mark 5:21-26, 35-43

Mark 14:32-42

Plus Andrew – Mark 13:3-4

Peter and John

Luke 22:8

Acts 3:1ff

Acts 8:14

Phillip and Andrew – John 12:20-23

Larger group – John 21:2

Lesson six: looking at each apostle

Researching history and tradition

Neither is inspired

History and its sources

Primary sources

Secondary sources

Questions of accuracy

Tradition and its sources

Stories and accounts handed down

Story changes over the years

Contrast with Scripture

What’s not included

Peter and Paul

Study of Peter

Much tradition to be analyzed

Blends in to lesson on apostolic succession

Andrew in scripture

Brother to Peter – Matthew 4:18

Present when John declared Jesus “Lamb of God” – John 1:35-44

First known to “follow” Jesus

Was a “multiplier” (Andrew + Simon = double)

Knew Jesus immediately as the Messiah

From Bethsaida, then Capernaum on the Sea of Galilee

Fisherman – Matthew 4:18

Found the boy with the fish – John 6:5-9

Directed some Greeks to Jesus – John 12:20-23

Named among the twelve

In initial naming

In Jerusalem awaiting the Holy Spirit – Acts 1:13

Included whenever apostles grouped

Andrew: history and traditions

Given Hellenistic name

Never called to repent or redact name

Repentance was with regard to works, deeds, thoughts

Matthew 3:7-8; Acts 8:22; 26:19-20

Left Jerusalem at an unknown time

Traveled to Scythia and preached

Continued across Asia Minor to Ephesus

Began preaching in Greece

Converted governor’s wife in Patras, Greece

Enraged governor

“Debate” followed by crucifixion in AD 69