Lesson six, continued:

Andrew after death

Relics of apostles

Motivations for worship diverted

Were Andrew’s remains moved about?

Andrew’s relics

Initially buried in Patra

Constantius moved all but head to Istanbul

Part of his father’s collection

Church of the Holy Apostles

Head moved to Rome in 1460

Save it from being taken by invading Muslims

Returned to Greece in 1964 by Roman Catholic Church

Lesson seven

James son of Zebedee in scripture

Matthew 4:18-22

Brother of John

Son of Zebedee

Fisherman

With James, one of Sons of Thunder – Mark 3:17

Wanted to destroy Samaritan village – Luke 9:51-56

Requested special status – Matthew 20:20-28

At the transfiguration – Matthew 17:1-9

On watch while Jesus prayed – Matthew 26:36-37

His mother also followed Jesus – Matthew 27:55-56

Executed by Herod Agrippa (AD 44) – Acts 12:1-2

Traditions about James

Went to Sardinia during first persecution

Herod Agrippa’s deportation of Jews in AD 19

Jewish enclave had grown very large by AD 33

James went there to teach them the gospel

Continued on to Spain

Taught Jewish enclaves there

Made his way across Spain to Compostela

Returned to Jerusalem in AD 44

Took gospel to Spain – why Spain?

Gospel had only spread as far as Samaria

Spain not eyed as missionary field until AD 54

Paul in Romans 15:24-28

Ten years after death of James

Desire might have been to visit Christians in Spain

Remains were divided

Head remained in Jerusalem

Body taken first to Sinai, then Spain

Save it from pillaging by invading Persians in 2nd century

Return it to the farthest reach of his missionary efforts

Head remains in Jerusalem

Hidden under a wall when Persians invaded

Kept in Armenian cathedral in Jerusalem

No way to authenticate remains’ identity

Foreign missions highly unlikely

James executed in AD 44

Only 11 years from Pentecost to death

“Apostles” mentioned just previous to Acts 2

Acts 1; 2; 4:33-37; 5; 6:6; 8:1; 9:27; 11:1

No discernable time period for his absence

“Apostles” = ALL the apostles?

Still, not completely impossible

Note Acts 3:1-4, 11; 4:13, 19; 8:14-15

No positive conclusions can be made

Remains moved to Spain

Santiago de Compostela

“Saint James of Compostela”

About early eighth century

Just prior to Moorish invasion

Second largest pilgrimage site for Europeans

Jerusalem

Rome

“Rediscovered” – twice!!