The Black Panthers, also known as the Black Panther Party, was a political organization founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to challenge police brutality against the African American community. The Panthers eventually developed into a Marxist revolutionary group that called for the arming of all African Americans, the exemption of African Americans from the draft and from all sanctions of so-called white America, the release of all African Americans from jail, and the payment of compensation to African Americans for centuries of exploitation by white Americans. At its peak in the late 1960s, Panther membership exceeded 2,000, and the organization operated chapters in several major American cities.

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Black Against Empire
by Joshua Bloom and Waldo Martin
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Black-Panther-Party
https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/black-panthers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Panther_Party
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/black-panther-party/

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