Josh and Mark sit down to discuss the history and significance of the Amazon Rainforest.  How deforestation and ranching have drastically reduced the area, and what Josh would do if he was president of the country.  Wisdom of the week comes from a Native American proverb, "We don't inherit the earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children."  APHUG & APES come together once again.

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Mark and Josh intro a two-part series on South America.  They discuss the physical geography, the colonization that transformed the continent, and some reasons why they haven't had the development and infrastructural growth that they would have hoped.  They will continue this discussion next week as they focus on all things Amazon Rainforest.  APES & APHUG come together again.  

The quote of the week comes from E. O. Wilson, "Destroying the rainforest for economic gain is like burning a Renaissance painting to cook a meal."

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Josh and Mark discuss the decline in marriage in some parts of the world today.  Why the youth of today are choosing themselves and their ambitions over starting a family.  Josh's old man comes out as he quickly realizes that he comes from the best generation, and Mark calls out a warning to countries in Stage 5 of the demographic transition model and what it could mean for the future.  APES & APHUG come together again.

Wisdom of the Week: "Too many young folk have addiction to superficial things and not enough conviction for substantial things like justice, truth, and love." - Cornel West

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Josh and Mark sit down and discuss the exciting future for Africa.  From infrastructure to agriculture, its innovation as far as the eye can see.  Mark tries to think of all songs about Africa and Josh reveals his conspiracy theory about non-profits.  AP Human Geography & AP Environmental Geography come together nicely on this episode.  Thanks for supporting!

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Mark and Josh discuss a recent litigation battle between former child cacao workers and big time chocolate companies, and paint the current landscape of Africa to set up next week's episode of Africa on the Rise.  Wisdom of the week: "If you are silent about your pain, They'll kill you and say you enjoyed it." - Zora Neale Hurston

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Josh and Mark continue down the road of the haves vs. the have-nots.  The lens this week is through the cacao plantations in Ecuador and West Africa.  The dark history & present reality is enough to make you think twice about supporting big chocolate. 

Words of wisdom come from Admiral Grace Hopper, "The most dangerous phrase in the language is "We've always done it this way".

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Josh and Mark begin a conversation about the haves and the have nots in the world.  What's necessary to win the Geography or Environmental lotto?  How should we approach the inequality amongst peoples and countries around the world?  This episode serves as the jumping off point for our discussion on levels of development.  

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Mark & Josh discuss what makes teaching their subjects so great, and they discuss the epiphany that led them to change directions in terms of the podcast.  A new brand and a new direction has them both excited for 2021.