This week, we investigate the links between heart failure and obesity. We explore what heart failure is, the risks, and how it can have long-term impacts on health. We also look into obesity, some of it's causes, and how it can contribute to heart failure risks. We also look at he two-way street between heart failure and obesty and how each can contribute to the other in a feedback loop, and what may be done to break it.

References:

Upadhyay, J., Farr, O., Perakakis, N., Ghaly, W., & Mantzoros, C. (2018). Obesity as a disease. Medical Clinics, 102(1), 13-33. https://www.medical.theclinics.com/article/S0025-7125(17)30128-1/abstract

Groenewegen, A., Rutten, F. H., Mosterd, A., & Hoes, A. W. (2020). Epidemiology of heart failure. European journal of heart failure, 22(8), 1342-1356. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejhf.1858

Alpert, M. A., Lavie, C. J., Agrawal, H., Aggarwal, K. B., & Kumar, S. A. (2014). Obesity and heart failure: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Translational Research, 164(4), 345-356. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1931524414001340

Kenchaiah, S., Evans, J. C., Levy, D., Wilson, P. W., Benjamin, E. J., Larson, M. G., ... & Vasan, R. S. (2002). Obesity and the risk of heart failure. New England Journal of Medicine, 347(5), 305-313. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa020245

Horwich, T. B., Fonarow, G. C., & Clark, A. L. (2018). Obesity and the obesity paradox in heart failure. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 61(2), 151-156. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062018300951?via=ihub

Ebong, I. A., Goff Jr, D. C., Rodriguez, C. J., Chen, H., & Bertoni, A. G. (2014). Mechanisms of heart failure in obesity. Obesity research & clinical practice, 8(6), e540-e548. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871403X1300224X

Oreopoulos, A., Padwal, R., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Fonarow, G. C., Norris, C. M., & McAlister, F. A. (2008). Body mass index and mortality in heart failure: a meta-analysis. American heart journal, 156(1), 13-22. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002870308001543

Mahajan, R., Stokes, M., Elliott, A., Munawar, D. A., Khokhar, K. B., Thiyagarajah, A., ... & Sanders, P. F(2020). Complex interaction of obesity, intentional weight loss and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Heart, 106(1), 58-68. https://www.proquest.com/docview/23482079

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