Imagine being forced to run a race where losing means death. That’s exactly what happened to Grand Vizier Haci Salih Pasha in 1822, a dramatic and little-known chapter from the annals of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire, one of history’s most formidable powers, spanned over 600 years, commanding vast territories across Europe, Asia, and Africa. Renowned for its rich culture, breathtaking architecture, and intricate political system, it was a world where power and peril walked hand in hand—especially for the Grand Vizier, the Sultan’s second-in-command.

Haci Salih Pasha hailed from Izmir, a bustling port city in the Ottoman realm. His journey to power began modestly—serving as master of the barley and minister of powdermills—before his administrative prowess and loyalty propelled him to deputy grand vizier. In 1821, he ascended to the coveted role of Grand Vizier. Yet, this prestigious position came with a deadly catch: the Grand Vizier was often the fall guy for the empire’s troubles.

During Salih Pasha’s tenure, the Ottoman Empire grappled with the Greek War of Independence. For centuries, the Greeks had lived under Ottoman rule, but now they fought fiercely for freedom. The conflict was brutal, marked by atrocities on both sides. Despite Salih Pasha’s efforts, the Ottoman forces faltered, and Sultan Mahmud II grew increasingly displeased. In 1822, the Sultan summoned Salih Pasha to Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, a sprawling complex that served as the sultans’ residence for over four centuries. Within its walls lay the Sultan’s garden—a serene oasis of lush greenery and elegant fountains, soon to become the stage for a life-or-death ordeal.

Upon arrival, Salih Pasha faced a chilling ritual: he was handed a cup of sherbet. White sherbet signaled safety; red meant death. When he received the red sherbet, his fate seemed sealed. But there was one last chance—the “Death Race.” In this extraordinary ritual, the condemned Grand Vizier had to outrun the chief executioner through the garden to the Fish Market Gate. Victory meant exile and survival; defeat meant immediate execution.

The odds were stacked against Salih Pasha. At 50 years old, clad in a long ceremonial tunic unsuited for sprinting, he faced a young, agile executioner across the garden’s winding paths and uneven ground. Everyone expected the executioner to triumph. Ye

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