The Deep View: Conversations

At HumanX, I sat down with Dr. David Cox — the VP for AI models at IBM Research and the IBM Director of the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab — to dissect those complex, nuanced differences between biological brains and the artificial neural networks behind LLMs, and how it all relates to the pursuit of AGI. 

Episode links: 

• Neural networks: https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/neural-networks
• Convolutional neural networks: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-convolution-neural-network/
• Everything we know about the human brain: https://ny.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/stn15.sci.neuro.colbrain/what-we-still-dont-know-about-the-brain/
• MIT Flywire diagram: https://www.nature.com/immersive/d42859-024-00053-4/index.html
• Language and thought are not the same thing:https://mcgovern.mit.edu/2019/05/02/ask-the-brain-can-we-think-without-language/
• Decoding internal monologues: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7252628/
• Anthropic’s anthropomorphization: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-public-health-crisis-of-ai
• AGI and existential risk: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-nobel-prize-and-the-mainstreaming-of-ai-s-x-risk#4

Outline

0:00 — Intro

2:07 — What is intelligence? 
4:36 — How AI boosts our understanding of the brain
8:09 — The differences between neurons and artificial neurons
12:13 — How much do we know — and not know — about biological brains
15:49 — LLMs and the illusion of intelligence
20:07 — Language vs Thought

23:37 — Should we train models not to use the first person? 
28:04 — The pursuit of AGI 

34:26 — IBM’s model approach
35:49 — AGI is a distraction
40:02 — How big a deal is AI? 
45:26 — The risk of the AI brain drain

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

I sat down with Igor Jablokov, the founder and chairman of Pryon, to talk about the ways in which the field of AI has grown and changed, and where it might go from here. Igor worked as a program director at IBM, developing an early iteration of IBM Watson, before he struck out on his own. His first startup, Yap, was later acquired by Amazon, where it evolved into Alexa. 

Episode Links: 

• Self-driving progress: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/progress-predictions-2025-robots-avs-and-technical-advancements
• Reuters copyright lawsuit: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/study-most-people-can-t-identify-deepfakes
• Musk v Altman: https://www.entrepreneur.com/business-news/musk-v-altman-billionaires-attorneys-face-off-in-court/486647
• Chatbots, mental health and Character AI: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/i-downloaded-character-ai-it-s-profoundly-disturbing
• The AI bubble: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/what-the-trade-war-might-mean-for-ai
• The power struggle of AGI: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/how-big-tech-is-using-the-ai-race-and-the-specter-of-agi-to-cement-its-power-agi-openai-google
• AI in the enterprise: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/humanx-ai-s-inflection-point-conference-artifcial-intelligence

Outline: 

0:00 – Intro
2:15 – How the AI field has changed 
7:43 – The five taboos Silicon Valley broke
12:11 – The ‘adulting’ of AI 
15:27 – How big of a deal might AI be?
17:52 – The hyperscalers won’t get to AGI
21:42 – Digital god and ‘synthetic slaves’
25:19 – X-Risk and the safety debate
32:53 – Brute-forcing intelligence
37:59 – Cracking AI in the enterprise
44:50 – The bubble
48:15 – AI is an orchestra

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

I sat down with Shaolei Ren, an associate professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of California, Riverside, to break down his recent research into the water consumption, electricity consumption and public health impact of the data centers being used to power generative AI. 

Episode Links: 

• The water consumption of GenAI: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2304.03271
• The public health crisis of GenAI: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.06288
• Water consumption VS water use: https://www.wri.org/insights/whats-difference-between-water-use-and-water-consumption
• Pepsi Co’s water consumption: https://www.pepsico.com/our-impact/esg-topics-a-z/water#approach
• Google and Microsoft’s water consumption: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/google-emissions-are-spiking-due-to-increased-energy-demands-of-ai
• Elon Musk’s Memphis data center: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-public-health-crisis-of-artificial-intelligence

Outline: 

0:00 – Intro
1:27 – The water consumption of AI
7:30 – The difference between water ‘consumption’ and water ‘use’
16:15 – The impact of reasoning models 
18:03 – A solution to AI’s water problem
19:58 – The public health cost of AI 
27:55 – Addressing the problem
33:52 – The dichotomy of the AI industry
42:37 – A cost-benefit analysis
48:49 – Looking ahead

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

I sat down with Dr. Chris Bishop, a Microsoft technical fellow and the director of Microsoft Research AI for Science, to sink into the details of what AI is actually unlocking for science, and what kind of AI is doing it. 

Episode Links: 

• 5th paradigm of scientific discovery: https://cacm.acm.org/opinion/the-5th-paradigm-ai-driven-scientific-discovery/
• Microsoft Aurora: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/introducing-aurora-the-first-large-scale-foundation-model-of-the-atmosphere/
• The environmental cost of AI: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-public-health-crisis-of-artificial-intelligence
• MatterGen: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/report-ai-is-everywhere-already-even-if-we-don-t-know-it
• The dubious nature of AGI: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-nobel-prize-and-the-mainstreaming-of-ai-s-x-risk
  
  

Outline:

0:00 – Intro
2:13 – The importance of domain expertise in AI 
5:17 – The promise of AI for science
12:47 – Project Aurora and climate modeling 
15:27 – The cost-benefit analysis of AI 
18:43 – Weather prediction models VS ChatGPT
21:36 – AI to shield against engineering disasters
24:36 – How does Microsoft decide which applications to pursue
27:32 – Microsoft Research’s main areas of focus
33:24 – MatterGen and material generation
39:24 – How the wet lab is changing
42:19 – Is AGI a worthwhile pursuit for scientific advancement? 
 47:43 – Technological optimism and the way forward

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

I sat down with Liran Hason, the VP of AI at Coralogix, to talk AI guardrails: what they look like, how they work and why we need them. 

Episode links: 

• AI has been around for decades: https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/10/history-of-ai-artificial-intelligence/
• Deterministic VS probabilistic AI: https://towardsdatascience.com/deterministic-vs-probabilistic-deep-learning-5325769dc758/
• AI in the enterprise: https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/superagency-in-the-workplace-empowering-people-to-unlock-ais-full-potential-at-work
• Air Canada lawsuit: https://www.forbes.com/sites/marisagarcia/2024/02/19/what-air-canada-lost-in-remarkable-lying-ai-chatbot-case/
• Character AI sued: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/character-ai-sued-for-mental-health-decline-in-teenage-users-allegedly-encouraged-user-to-murder-his
• AI trade runs out of steam: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/nvidia-beats-expectations-but-wall-street-wanted-more

Outline

0:00 – Intro

1:57 – AI guardrails … in 2019 
4:51 – How consumers view guardrails in AI 

11:03 – Tempered excitement in the enterprise

13:05 – Why do we need guardrails

17:59 – The role of regulation

24:07 – Why don’t developers guardrail their systems? 

28:30 – Detecting hallucinations with guardrail models

34:11 – Guardrailing AGI 

41:33 – Is the AI revolution slowing? 

44:18 – How guardrails enable a positive outcome

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

I sat down with Dr. Ruchir Puri, the chief scientist of IBM Research, for a wide-ranging discussion on the state of AI today. We talk about everything from AGI and X-risk to reliability in language models, the viability of agents and the pending economic impact of the technology. 

Episode Links: 

• Artificial general intelligence: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-nobel-prize-and-the-mainstreaming-of-ai-s-x-risk
• Microsoft and OpenAI’s AGI definition: https://www.theinformation.com/articles/microsoft-and-openais-secret-agi-definition?rc=sbfmgm
• AI agents: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/prog-predictions-series-draft-ef9c081b34af8540
• AI and job loss: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/chatgpt-s-impact-on-the-labor-market-openai-generative-ai-artificial-intelligence-job-loss-report-st
• Technological revolution: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/south-korea-stakes-a-claim-in-the-ai-race
• The Free Press article mentioned at 38:29: https://www.thefp.com/p/freddie-de-boer-is-ai-the-greatest-invention-or-overhyped

Outline: 

0:00 – Intro 
3:16 – The pace of improvement
8:56 – Unraveling ‘AGI’
14:47 – The inflection point of AI agents
21:54 – Thinking about reliability
26:14 – The economic implications of AI 
32:37 – Is AI like the Industrial Revolution? 
38:29 – How useful is AI, actually? 
43:57 – Existential risk 

Get The Deep View — your daily source for in-depth, fact-based reporting on artificial intelligence — in your inbox every morning. Subscribe here!

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

I sat down with Dor Skuler, the founder and CEO of Intuition Robotics, to talk about the advent of digital companionship. 

Episode Links: 

• Intuition robotics: https://www.intuitionrobotics.com/
• The loneliness epidemic: https://www.gse.harvard.edu/ideas/usable-knowledge/24/10/what-causing-our-epidemic-loneliness-and-how-can-we-fix-it
• Social determinants of health: https://www.cdc.gov/public-health-gateway/php/about/social-determinants-of-health.html
• Fine-tuning AI models: https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/fine-tuning
• Cybersecurity and AI: https://www.gartner.com/en/cybersecurity/topics/cybersecurity-and-ai
• Character AI and anthropomorphization: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/character-ai-sued-for-mental-health-decline-in-teenage-users-allegedly-encouraged-user-to-murder-his

Outline: 

0:00 — Intro

3:05 — Why Dor started Intuition Robotics

7:22 — The importance of a targeted demographic
11:00 — Solving for loneliness

15:30 — How ElliQ works, technically

28:35 — ElliQ and data privacy

35:11 — The ethics of artificial companionship 

40:22 — Humanity and AI companionship

Get The Deep View — your daily source for in-depth, fact-based reporting on artificial intelligence — in your inbox every morning. Subscribe here (https://www.thedeepview.co/subscribe).

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

We sat down with Irina Raicu, the director of the Internet Ethics Program at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University. And today, we’re breaking down the ethics of artificial intelligence, those moral, philosophical challenges that are already resulting from the deployment of generative AI technologies. 

Episode Links: 

• AI is using social media data: https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/23/tech/social-media-ai-data-opt-out/index.html
• Musical.ly’s FTC fine: https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-technology-business-data-privacy-parenting-eafed6bfd7d241549e097e38e8088873
• X trains AI on your tweets: https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/x-is-using-your-tweets-to-train-its-ai-heres-how-to-disable-that/
• ChatGPT’s impact on the labor market: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/chatgpt-s-impact-on-the-labor-market-openai-generative-ai-artificial-intelligence-job-loss-report-st
• Human creativity persists in the era of generative AI: https://www.thestreet.com/technology/human-creativity-persists-era-of-generative-artificial-intelligence
• Character AI: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/i-downloaded-character-ai-it-s-profoundly-disturbing
• The AI mirror: https://ssir.org/books/reviews/entry/the-ai-mirror-shannon-vallor
• Digital necromancy: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/elevenlabs-latest-release-highlights-the-issue-of-digital-necromancy
• Hello Barbie: https://www.scu.edu/ethics/internet-ethics-blog/speaking-ill-of-the-discontinued/
• Dickens on Big Data: https://www.vox.com/2014/5/1/11626330/for-these-times-dickens-on-big-data
• The public health crisis of AI: https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-public-health-crisis-of-artificial-intelligence
• AI and sustainability: https://www.thestreet.com/technology/heres-what-ai-for-sustainability-actually-looks-like-ibm-machine-learning-executives
  
  

Outline: 

0:00 – Intro
1:52 – Irina’s journey into ethics
4:42 – The link between social media and AI 
9:57 – Why should people care about data privacy
15:27 – The impact of automation on society
20:00 – What happens to the generation who grows up with AI? 
26:24 – What AI might mean for loneliness? 
32:06 – Grief and digital immortality
39:06 – The issue of anthropomorphization 
44:19 – The lifecycle of data
47:34 – We track everything, all the time
53:47 – Is AI anti-human? 
59:03 – Skepticism in AI 
1:00 – Tech solutionism & its impacts
1:12 – Regulation and twisted incentives

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

We sat down with Dr. Jerry Chow, an IBM fellow and the Director of IBM’s Quantum Infrastructure. And today, we’re breaking down what quantum computing is, why it’s important, how it fits into the growing realm of artificial intelligence and what about quantum is real (and what’s just plain hype).  

Episode Links: 

• IBM’s Quantum Roadmap: https://www.flickr.com/photos/ibm_research_zurich/53347055153/
• Quantum-centric supercomputing: https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/quantum-centric-supercomputing
• IBM launches advanced quantum computers: https://newsroom.ibm.com/2024-11-13-ibm-launches-its-most-advanced-quantum-computers,-fueling-new-scientific-value-and-progress-towards-quantum-advantage
• IBM’s quantum in use: https://www.ibm.com/quantum/case-studies/modeling-realistic-chemistry
• Responsible quantum: https://www.ibm.com/quantum/blog/responsible-quantum
• AI’s sustainability problems: https://www.thestreet.com/technology/heres-what-ai-for-sustainability-actually-looks-like-ibm-machine-learning-executives
• The ethics of AI: https://www.thestreet.com/technology/the-ethics-of-artificial-intelligence-responsible-ai
• How a quantum computer could break encryption: https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/05/30/65724/how-a-quantum-computer-could-break-2048-bit-rsa-encryption-in-8-hours/
• Google’s breakthrough: https://blog.google/technology/research/google-willow-quantum-chip/

Outline: 

0:00 – Intro

1:00 – Jerry’s personal journey into quantum 

2:37 – What exactly is quantum computing? 

10:44 – How do you measure efficacy in quantum computers? 

13:30 – Problems that are good for quantum

16:30 – Quantum and AI 

20:00 – The energy intensity of quantum 

23:40 – The ethics of more powerful computation 

25:30 – Quantum could break encryptions

27:46 – Quantum’s inherent limitations

30:23 – All the hype

36:40 – Google’s breakthrough and ‘parallel’ universes

40:00 – What you need to understand 

Get The Deep View — your daily source for in-depth, fact-based reporting on artificial intelligence — in your inbox every morning. Subscribe here (https://www.thedeepview.co/subscribe).

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.

We sat down with Dr. Nada Sanders, an expert in forecasting and human-technology interaction and the author of The Humachine, a book that explores a coming future of AI-enabled connection between men and machine. And today, we’re breaking down the pandemic-fueled rise of AI, and the many levers that will impact our ever-more digital future. 

Episode Links: 

• The Humachine – https://nadasanders.com/books/the-humachine/
• How the pandemic impacted global supply chains – https://www.ey.com/en_us/insights/supply-chain/how-covid-19-impacted-supply-chains-and-what-comes-next
• Kasparov’s law – https://courtofthegrandchildren.com/kasparovs-law/
• Corporate AI adoption – https://www.thedeepview.co/p/business-spending-on-ai-jumps-500-to-13-8-billion-on-200-billion-in-capex
• AI-related job loss – https://www.thedeepview.co/p/chatgpt-s-impact-on-the-labor-market-openai-generative-ai-artificial-intelligence-job-loss-report-st
• Microsoft and IBM AI reskilling – https://newsroom.ibm.com/2024-04-04-Leading-Companies-Launch-Consortium-to-Address-AIs-Impact-on-the-Technology-Workforce
• AI hallucinations – https://www.thedeepview.co/p/the-nobel-prize-and-the-mainstreaming-of-ai-s-x-risk
• Neil Theise on complexity – https://www.columbia.edu/cu/tract/projects/complexity-theory.html
• Rise of AI regulation – https://www.thedeepview.co/p/progress-predictions-2025-oversight-governance-and-regulation
• Gary Marcus interview – https://youtu.be/-oTxLnmubVk​

Outline:

0:00 – Intro 
4:00 – The global pandemic and the rise of AI
13:16 – AI and skill atrophy
20:00 – People crave connection
27:20 – AI and mounting job loss
41:48 – Automating the future
52:43 – The human will to live
1:00:37 – Hallucination
1:05:49 – The regulatory landscape
1:15:52 – Staying positive

Get The Deep View — your daily source for in-depth, fact-based reporting on artificial intelligence — in your inbox every morning. Subscribe here!

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Artificial intelligence is a complicated topic, bound by a number of complex threads — technical science, ethics, safety, regulation, neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, investment and — above all — humanity. On The Deep View: Conversations, Ian Krietzberg, host and Editor-in-Chief at The Deep View, breaks it all down, cutting through the hype to make clear what's important and why you should care.