Jim Cummins is a Professor Emeritus at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto.

Dr. Cummins stresses the crucial role of literacy engagement in developing reading comprehension. Explicit phonics instruction plays an important role in developing students' decoding skills but, to be optimally effective, it needs to be embedded in a comprehensive approach that immerses students in a rich literacy environment.

Ontario Human Rights Commission Right to ReadReport: Sincere, Passionate, Flawed https://jtl.uwindsor.ca/index.php/jtl/article/view/7279/5402

Pedagogies for the Poor? Realigning Reading Instruction for Low-Income Students With Scientifically Based Reading Research https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.3102/0013189X07313156

In this second making meaning episode, Anna and Victoria are joined by fellow educator Lillie Ruvalcaba.

Together they discus how the time with Dr.Socorro Herrera and Dr. Ester de Jong help educators better understand literacy: the noise of an oracy forward classroom; side stepping the curriculum to meet students needs; and harvesting home language to enhance our classrooms.

The episode is a mix of analysis of episodes 7 and 8 of this series, and ideas for you to consider for your students.

Biography-Driven Culturally Responsive Teaching: Honoring Race, Ethnicity, and Personal History 3rd Edition by Socorro G. Herrera (Author), Geneva Gay (Foreword) https://www.amazon.com/Biography-Driven-Culturally-Responsive-Teaching-Ethnicity/dp/0807766488/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1FZL43LIXLTH0&keywords=Socorro+Herrera&qid=1667332612&qu=eyJxc2MiOiIyLjMxIiwicXNhIjoiMS41MCIsInFzcCI6IjEuMDAifQ%3D%3D&sprefix=socorro+herrera%2Caps%2C127&sr=8-1

Foundations for Multilingualism in Education: From Principles to Practice https://www.amazon.com/Foundations-Multlingualism-Education-Principles-Practice/dp/193400006X

Ester de Jong is Professor and program leader in the Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Education program at the University of Colorado Denver.

Prior to UC Denver, she was the Director of the School of Teaching and Learning and Professor in ESOL/Bilingual Education at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida.

Her research focuses on equity and integration in the context of dual language education and preparing teachers to work with bilingual learners in K-12 schools.

Dr. de Jong was President of TESOL International Association (2017-2018).

Links

Biography-Driven Culturally Responsive Teaching by Socorro G. Herrera https://www.amazon.com/Biography-Driven-Culturally-Responsive-Teaching-Second-ebook/dp/B01ACKKRIM/ref=sr_1_8?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1452787909&sr=1-8

Foundations for Multilingualism in Education: From Principles to Practice https://www.amazon.com/Foundations-Multlingualism-Education-Principles-Practice/dp/193400006X

Dr. Socorro Herrera is a professor in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, College of Education at Kansas State University and directs the Center for Intercultural and Multilingual Advocacy (CIMA).

Her K-12 teaching experience includes an emphasis on literacy development and her research focuses on literacy opportunities with culturally and linguistically diverse students (CLD), reading strategies, and teacher preparation for diversity in the classroom.

Her work also has appeared in journals such as the Bilingual Research Journal, Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, Journal of Research in Education, Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, and the Journal of Latinos and Education.

In addition to her writing, Dr. Herrera conducts multi-state and international professional development on issues related to teacher preparation for pre-service teachers, biography-driven instruction, and classroom accommodations for CLD students.

Resources

NCEL White Paper: Toward Comprehensive Effective Literacy Policy and Instruction for English Learner/Emergent Bilingual Students https://secureservercdn.net/50.62.174.75/v5e.685.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/21018-NCEL-Effective-Literacy-White-Paper-FINAL_v2.0.pdf

Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza by Gloria E. Anzaldúa https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/45882.Borderlands_La_Frontera

In this first making meaning episode, we're diving into how our time with Dr. Laurie Olsen, Dr. Kathy Escamilla, and Dr. Jody Slavick helps us better understand literacy:

- the explicit attention to oracy in every classroom

- the professional learning needs of educators

- and the family engagement "invitation."

The episode is a mix of analysis of episodes 1-5 of this series, and ideas for you to consider for your students.

Resources:

• Office of English Language Acquisition's Webinar on Effective literacy instruction for multilingual learners: What it is and what it looks like https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_NgyKUOG8SraHziLj4nNL6w

• The College Board AP Program https://ap.collegeboard.org/

Dr. Slavick is one of the contributors to the National Committee for Effective Literacy's White paper on Comprehensive Effective Literacy Policy and Instruction for English Learner/Emergent Bilingual Students.

She currently serves as the director of professional development for the Literacy Squared program at the BUENO Center at the University of Colorado Boulder.

She received her Master's Degree in Bilingual Special Education and her Ph.D. in Educational Equity and Cultural Diversity. Prior to obtaining her Ph.D., Jody worked as a classroom teacher, instructional coach, and district resource teacher in bilingual education and English as a second language programs.

Dr. Slavick shares that there are multi-dimensions of literacy in all grade levels - in order for our students to be literate, our classrooms need to centered around interacting with a variety of languages, even in Engish medium classrooms.

Students need to be engaged with using their entire linguistic repertoires as much as possible - we need to encourage students to tap into all of the knowledge they have in all of their language.

All new learning is based on previous learning, and we cannot cut off all of the language learning that is happening outside of the classroom.

Resources:

• The National Committee for Effective Literacy https://multilingualliteracy.org/
• NCEL White Paper: Toward Comprehensive Effective Literacy Policy and Instruction for English Learner/Emergent Bilingual Students https://secureservercdn.net/50.62.174.75/v5e.685.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/21018-NCEL-Effective-Literacy-White-Paper-FINAL_v2.0.pdf
• Pearson, P. D., Palincsar, A. S., Biancarosa, G., & Berman, A. (2020). Reaping the rewards of the Reading for Understanding initiative. National Academy of Education. https://naeducation.org/reaping-the-rewards-of-reading-for-understanding-initiative/
• Ziegler JC, Goswami U. Becoming literate in different languages: similar problems, different solutions. Dev Sci. 2006 Sep;9(5):429-36. https://californianstogether.box.com/s/lf4ekk5mqy515mcahruo7090nfx60unw

Office of English Language Acquisition's Webinar on Effective literacy instruction for multilingual learners: What it is and what it looks like https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_NgyKUOG8SraHziLj4nNL6w

Dr. Kathy Escamilla today. Dr. Escamilla a Professor Emeritus in the Equity, Bilingualism, & Biliteracy Division BUENO Center for Multicultural Education at the University of Colorado Boulder. Additionally, she's the author of numerous articles and books including Biliteracy From the Start: Literacy Squared In Action. She is specifically interested in issues related to the development of bilingualism and biliteracy in early elementary grades for this Spanish-speaking population. Her recent research has also examined assessment practices and the impact of high-stakes testing on these children. Dr. Escamilla is a member of numerous professional organizations in education and has served two terms as the president of the National Association for Bilingual Education. She has recently been appointed as a co-editor of the Bilingual Research Journal and has served as the chairperson of the Bilingual SIG for the American Education Research Association (AERA). Links: Colorado Read Act https://www.cde.state.co.us/coloradoliteracy California Prop 58 https://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/el/er/caedge.asp Literacy Squared https://literacysquared.org/

Dr. Kathy Escamilla today. Dr. Escamilla a Professor Emeritus in the Equity, Bilingualism, & Biliteracy Division BUENO Center for Multicultural Education at the University of Colorado Boulder. Additionally, she's the author of numerous articles and books including Biliteracy From the Start: Literacy Squared In Action. She is specifically interested in issues related to the development of bilingualism and biliteracy in early elementary grades for this Spanish-speaking population. Her recent research has also examined assessment practices and the impact of high-stakes testing on these children. Dr. Escamilla is a member of numerous professional organizations in education and has served two terms as the president of the National Association for Bilingual Education. She has recently been appointed as a co-editor of the Bilingual Research Journal and has served as the chairperson of the Bilingual SIG for the American Education Research Association (AERA). Links: The National Committee for Effective Literacy https://multilingualliteracy.org/ NCEL White Paper: Toward Comprehensive Effective Literacy Policy and Instruction for English Learner/Emergent Bilingual Students https://secureservercdn.net/50.62.174.75/v5e.685.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/21018-NCEL-Effective-Literacy-White-Paper-FINAL_v2.0.pdf

Continue the conversation with Dr. Olsen, a researcher, writer, advocate, and leader of educational equity with an emphasis on immigrant and English learner education, language access, and rights. Links: Seal of Biliteracy https://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/el/er/sealofbiliteracy.asp EL Roadmap https://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/el/rm/ ELA/ELD Framework https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/rl/cf/elaeldfrmwrksbeadopted.asp CA Library Card Policy https://www.cde.ca.gov/nr/ne/yr21/yr21rel90.asp

With a Ph.D. in social cultural studies in education, Dr. Olsen has been an educator, a writer, and an advocate for half a century. Dr. Olsen has Designed and led demonstration projects, and evaluation projects in English learner and immigrant education – with a strong emphasis on educational equity. She has written dozens of books, articles, and reports on effective schooling for language minority children and on equity-centered school reform. She is the child of a writer and has been an avid reader since her early years. For 20 years, Dr. Olsen has led California Tomorrow, a nonprofit organization focused on equity and diversity. She is the Founder and directed the Sobrato Early Academic Language Model, a Founding board member, and is now, acting president of Californians Together – a coalition for an educational system that is funded and structured so every child will have full access to high-quality 21st-century education and will graduate from our public schools fully prepared for success in college and career and full civic participation. Links: The National Committee for Effective Literacy https://multilingualliteracy.org/ NCEL White Paper: Toward Comprehensive Effective Literacy Policy and Instruction for English Learner/Emergent Bilingual Students https://secureservercdn.net/50.62.174.75/v5e.685.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/21018-NCEL-Effective-Literacy-White-Paper-FINAL_v2.0.pdf