A high-yield question-based review of clinical points related to childhood hypocalcemia with approach to its differential diagnoses and evaluation of pseudohypocalcemia, followed by a discussion of Rickets and Osteomalacia. 

In this episode we will continue our discussion of the limp in children (as a very high-yield subject for almost all healthcare providers) with mainly focusing on some of the non-febrile limp or non-antalgic gait; in the intro, we emphasize that no single finding can be used to categorize the type of limp or gait and an overall clinical picture should be taken into consideration; 

After a brief discussion of different categories of limp in children with emphasis of differentials of antalgic, non-antalgic, traumatic and febrile limp, we focus on septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, transient synovitis and couple other conditions such as acute rheumatic fever & arthropathy of lyme disease as the possible underlying causes of limp in a febrile child. 

High-yield comparison of different pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, and management options for Ewing sarcoma versus Osteosarcoma, with a brief discussion of chondrosarcoma; High-yield for USMLE step 1 and 2. 

High-yield review of conditions such as giant-cell tumor, brown tumor and bone cysts (Unicameral versus Aneurysmal) in both pediatric and adult orthopedics

A question-based review of Osteoma, Osteochondroma, Enchondroma, after a high-Yield review of classification and approach to differential diagnosis

High-Yield Question-Based Review of Impulse control and disruptive behavior disorders with their age considerations

Discussion of DSM-V diagnostic criteria and the difference with DSM-IV conditions

A questioned-based review of hyperkinetic movement disorders of childhood with emphasis on Tics (primary and 2ndary) and Tourette syndrome as well as stereotypies (as important differential diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder) including Rett Syndrome (X-linked Dominant developmental regression) followed by a brief discussion of important differentials of Chorea, Myoclonus and Dystonia