By the third quarter of the 19th century sundial production and usage was all but finished. In the early

20th century a few manufacturers were producing low quality toy sundials for children. In addition many scientific minded individuals began to build collections of ancient Sundials, these would eventually find themselves being donated to major museums.

Through the 19 century watches slowly replaced sundials as accuracy demanded, first as an assistant and then almost entirely by the end of the century.

An analysis of equinoctial and inclined sundials are examined. Also, magnetic and Islamic inclining dials are discussed.

An explanation of table sundials which include the equinoctial and the inclining. Islamic and magnetic sundials are also discussed.

The instrument makers Butterfield, a Brit found fame and fortune producing sundials for the rest of his life in Paris.

Detailed explanations are set forth on the Tortoiseshell dials and the Augsburg Makers with a particular focusing on dial maker , Johann Martin.

An explanation of the differences between the German sundials and those from Continental Europe, particularly France with an in-depth discussion on the Dieppe Magnetic Azimuth sundial which could produce time-telling at night.

A timeline is laid out with Scottish horology beginning around 1540, farther explanations of the Scottish apprenticeships are examined.

A light treatise on; recoil escapements, Graham dead-beat escapements, pin-pallet escapements and Brocot escapements. Also, clocks out of beat and remontoire escapements.

In the last 20 years the type of client I used to deal with was of; quality, discernment, historically and artistic awareness, today those individuals have passed leaving me cheap, unaware, disrespectful, disposable type social-media warped personalities.