It's our second official NSFW Episode, and we're talking about The Little Hours! Join us for a discussion of penis trees, punishments for adultery, nuns and politics in the Middle Ages, and more!

Sources:

Penis Trees:

Massa Marittima Mural, available at http://www.thehistoryblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/massa_marittima-mural.png

Jeanne de Montbaston, "Nun Harvesting Phalluses from Phallus Tree and a Monk and Nun Embracing." Available at https://inpress.lib.uiowa.edu/feminae/DetailsPage.aspx?Feminae_ID=31987

"Medieval Woman Artist Unmasked by Her Teeth," National Geographic. Available at https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/2019/01/female-medieval-master-artist-revealed-dental-calculus/#close

Johan Mattelaer, "The Phallus Tree: A Medieval and Renaissance Phenomenon," Journal of Sexual Medicine (2010)

Moira Smith, "The Flying Phallus and the Laughing Inquisitor: Penis Theft in the "Malleus Mallificarum," Journal of Folklore Research 39, 1 (2002)

THE TOAST https://the-toast.net/2015/10/06/two-monks/ 

Adrian S. Hoch, "Duocento Fertility Imagery for Females at Massa Marittima's Public Fountain," Zeitschrift fur Kunstgeschichte 69, 4 (2006)

Guelphs and Ghibellines:

"Guelf and Ghibelline," Encyclopedia Britannica, available at https://www.britannica.com/event/Guelf-and-Ghibelline

"Return of Dante: The Guelphs and the Ghibellines," The Independent, available at https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/return-of-dante-the-guelphs-and-the-ghibellines-850012.html

Adriano Prosperi, Crime and Forgiveness: Christianizing Execution in Medieval Europe (Harvard University Press, 2020)

Marvin E. Wolfgang, "Political Crimes and Punishments in Renaissance Florence," Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Political Science, 44, 5 (1954)The Little Hours, IMDB: https://www.imdb.com/ 

Film Background:

Sheila O'Malley, Review on Rogerebert.com. Available at https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-little-hours-2017

Michael Philips, Review in the Chicago Tribune. Available at https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/movies/sc-little-hours-mov-rev-0710-20170710-column.html 

Rules for Nuns:

Elizabeth Makowski, Apostate Nuns in the Later Middle Ages (Boydell & Brewer, 2019) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Little_Hours 

Moshe Sluhovsky, "The Devil in the Convent," The American Historical Review 107:5 (December 2002): 1379-1411. 

Judith C. Brown, "Everyday Life, Longevity, and Nuns in Early Modern Florence," in Renaissance Culture and the Everyday eds. Patricia Fumerton and Simon Hunt (University of Pennsylvania Press). http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctt6wr9h7.8 

Ruth Mazo Karras, "Sex and the Singlewoman," and Maryanne Kowaleski, "Singlewomen in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: The Demographic Perspective," in Singlewomen in the European Past, 1250-1800 eds. Judith M. Bennett and Amy M. Froide (University of Pennsylvania Press). http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctt3fhbvn.8  and http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctt3fhbvn.5 

Sharon T. Strocchia, "Taken into custody: girls and convent guardianship in Renaissance Florence," Renaissance Studies 17:2 (June 2003): 177-200. http://www.jstor.com/stable/24413345 

Maristella Botticini, "A Loveless Economy? Intergenerational Altruism and the Marriage Market in Tuscan Town, 1415-1436," The Journal of Economic History 59:1 (Mar., 1999): 104-121. http://www.jstor.com/stable/2566498

 Duane J. Osheim, "Conversion, Conversi, and the Christian Life in Late Medieval Tuscany," Speculum 58:2 (Apr., 1983): 368-390. 

Saundra Weddle, "Women's Place in the Family and the Convent: A Reconsideration of Public and Private in Renaissance Florence," Journal of Architectural Education 55:2 (Nov., 2001): 64-72

Punishments for Adultery:

April Harper, "Punishing Adultery: Private Violence, Public Honor, Literature, and the Law" The Haskins Society Journal 28 (2016) http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.7722/j.ctt1wx936w.14 

Melissa Mowry, "Sex and the Archives: Current Work on Subordinate Identities and Early Modern Cultural Formation," Journal of British Studies 44:1 (January 2005): 178-186.

Vern L. Bullough, "Medieval Conceps of Adultery," Arthuriana 7:4 (Winter 1997): 5-15. 

Sara McDougall, "The Opposite of the Double Standard: Gender, Marriage, and Adultery Prosecution in Late Medieval France," Journal of the History of Sexuality 23:2 (May 2014): 206-225. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24616490 

Trevor Dean, "Domestic Violence in late-Medieval Bologna," Renaissance Studies 18:4 (December 2004): 527-543.  

K.J. Kesselring, "No Greater Provocation? Adultery and the Mitigation of Murder in English Law," Law and History Review 34:1 (February 2016): 199-225. 

Karen Jones, "Sexual Misbehaviour" Gender and Petty Crime in Late Medieval England: The Local Courts in Kent, 1460-1560 (Boydell & Brewer). http://www.jstor.com/stable/10.7722/j.ctt14brth4.11  

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2016/09/ingredients-lipstick-makeup-cosmetics-science-history/  

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1339217  https://sites.nd.edu/manuscript-studies/2019/10/18/viking-eyeliner-from-sea-to-sea/  Udry, Susan. "Robert de Blois and Geoffroy de la Tour Landry on feminine beauty: two late medieval French conduct books for women." Essays in Medieval Studies 19, no. 1 (2002): 90-102. 

Da Soller, Claudio. "The beautiful woman in medieval Iberia: rhetoric, cosmetics, and evolution." PhD diss., University of Missouri--Columbia, 2005.  

Cavallo, P, Proto, M. C, Patruno, C, Sorbo, A. Del, and Bifulco, M. "The First Cosmetic Treatise of History. A Female Point of View." International Journal of Cosmetic Science 30, no. 2 (2008): 79-86.