The Nonlinear Library: Alignment Forum

The Nonlinear Library: Alignment Forum

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The Nonlinear Library: Alignment Forum episodes

  • AF - Identifying Functionally Important Features with End-to-End Sparse Dictionary Learning by Dan Braun
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Identifying Functionally Important Features with End-to-End Sparse Dictionary Learning, published by Dan Braun on May 17, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    A short summary of the paper is presented below.
    This work was produced by Apollo Research in collaboration with Jordan Taylor (MATS + University of Queensland) .
    TL;DR: We propose end-to-end (e2e) sparse dictionary learning, a method for training SAEs that ensures the features learned are functionally important by minimizing the KL divergence between the output distributions of the original model and the model with SAE activations inserted.
    Compared to standard SAEs, e2e SAEs offer a Pareto improvement: They explain more network performance, require fewer total features, and require fewer simultaneously active features per datapoint, all with no cost to interpretability. We explore geometric and qualitative differences between e2e SAE features and standard SAE features.
    Introduction
    Current SAEs focus on the wrong goal: They are trained to minimize mean squared reconstruction error (MSE) of activations (in addition to minimizing their sparsity penalty). The issue is that the importance of a feature as measured by its effect on MSE may not strongly correlate with how important the feature is for explaining the network's performance.
    This would not be a problem if the network's activations used a small, finite set of ground truth features -- the SAE would simply identify those features, and thus optimizing MSE would have led the SAE to learn the functionally important features. In practice, however, Bricken et al.
    observed the phenomenon of feature splitting, where increasing dictionary size while increasing sparsity allows SAEs to split a feature into multiple, more specific features, representing smaller and smaller portions of the dataset. In the limit of large dictionary size, it would be possible to represent each individual datapoint as its own dictionary element.
    Since minimizing MSE does not explicitly prioritize learning features based on how important they are for explaining the network's performance, an SAE may waste much of its fixed capacity on learning less important features. This is perhaps responsible for the observation that, when measuring the causal effects of some features on network performance, a significant amount is mediated by the reconstruction residual errors (i.e.
    everything not explained by the SAE) and not mediated by SAE features (Marks et al.).
    Given these issues, it is therefore natural to ask how we can identify the functionally important features used by the network. We say a feature is functional important if it is important for explaining the network's behavior on the training distribution. If we prioritize learning functionally important features, we should be able to maintain strong performance with fewer features used by the SAE per datapoint as well as fewer overall features.
    To optimize SAEs for these properties, we introduce a new training method. We still train SAEs using a sparsity penalty on the feature activations (to reduce the number of features used on each datapoint), but we no longer optimize activation reconstruction.
    Instead, we replace the original activations with the SAE output and optimize the KL divergence between the original output logits and the output logits when passing the SAE output through the rest of the network, thus training the SAE end-to-end (e2e).
    One risk with this method is that it may be possible for the outputs of SAE_e2e to take a different computational pathway through subsequent layers of the network (compared with the original activations) while nevertheless producing a similar output distribution. For example, it might learn a new feature that exploits a particular transformation in a downstream layer that is unused by the regular netw...
    9 min
  • AF - Instruction-following AGI is easier and more likely than value aligned AGI by Seth Herd
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Instruction-following AGI is easier and more likely than value aligned AGI, published by Seth Herd on May 15, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    Summary:
    We think a lot about aligning AGI with human values. I think it's more likely that we'll try to make the first AGIs do something else. This might intuitively be described as trying to make instruction-following (IF) or do-what-I-mean-and-check (DWIMAC) be the central goal of the AGI we design. Adopting this goal target seems to improve the odds of success of any technical alignment approach.
    This goal target avoids the hard problem of specifying human values in an adequately precise and stable way, and substantially helps with goal misspecification and deception by allowing one to treat the AGI as a collaborator in keeping it aligned as it becomes smarter and takes on more complex tasks.
    This is similar but distinct from the goal targets of prosaic alignment efforts. Instruction-following is a single goal target that is more likely to be reflexively stable in a full AGI with explicit goals and self-directed learning.
    It is counterintuitive and concerning to imagine superintelligent AGI that "wants" only to follow the instructions of a human; but on analysis, this approach seems both more appealing and more workable than the alternative of creating sovereign AGI with human values.
    Instruction-following AGI could actually work, particularly in the short term. And it seems likely to be tried, even if it won't work. So it probably deserves more thought.
    Overview/Intuition
    How to use instruction-following AGI as a collaborator in alignment
    Instruct the AGI to tell you the truth
    Investigate its understanding of itself and "the truth";
    use interpretability methods
    Instruct it to check before doing anything consequential
    Instruct it to us a variety of internal reviews to predict consequences
    Ask it a bunch of questions about how it would interpret various commands
    Repeat all of the above as it gets smarter
    frequently ask it for advice and about how its alignment could go wrong
    Now, this won't work if the AGI won't even try to fulfill your wishes. In that case you totally screwed up your technical alignment approach. But if it will even sort of do what you want, and it at least sort of understands what you mean by "tell the truth", you're in business. You can leverage partial alignment into full alignment - if you're careful enough, and the AGI gets smarter slowly enough.
    It's looking like the critical risk period is probably going to involve AGI on a relatively slow takeoff toward superintelligence. Being able to ask questions and give instructions, and even retrain or re-engineer the system, is much more useful if you're guiding the AGI's creation and development, not just "making wishes" as we've thought about AGI goals in fast takeoff scenarios.
    Instruction-following is safer than value alignment in a slow takeoff
    Instruction-following with verification or DWIMAC seems both intuitively and analytically appealing compared to more commonly discussed[1] alignment targets.[2] This is my pitch for why it should be discussed more. It doesn't require solving ethics to safely launch AGI, and it includes most of the advantages of corrigibility,[3] including stopping on command.
    Thus, it substantially mitigates (although doesn't outright solve) some central difficulties of alignment: goal misspecification (including not knowing what values to give it as goals) and alignment stability over reflection and continuous learning.
    This approach it makes one major difficulty worse: humans remaining in control, including power struggles and other foolishness. I think the most likely scenario is that we succeed at technical alignment but fail at societal alignment. But I think there is a path to a vibrant future if we limit AGI proliferation, ...
    23 min
  • AF - Linear infra-Bayesian Bandits by Vanessa Kosoy
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Linear infra-Bayesian Bandits, published by Vanessa Kosoy on May 10, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    Linked is my MSc thesis, where I do regret analysis for an infra-Bayesian[1] generalization of stochastic linear bandits.
    The main significance that I see in this work is:
    Expanding our understanding of infra-Bayesian regret bounds, and solidifying our confidence that infra-Bayesianism is a viable approach. Previously, the most interesting IB regret analysis we had was Tian et al which deals (essentially) with episodic infra-MDPs. My work here doesn't supersede Tian et al because it only talks about bandits (i.e. stateless infra-Bayesian laws), but it complements it because it deals with a parameteric hypothesis space (i.e.
    fits into the general theme in learning-theory that generalization bounds should scale with the dimension of the hypothesis class).
    Discovering some surprising features of infra-Bayesian learning that have no analogues in classical theory. In particular, it turns out that affine credal sets (i.e. such that are closed w.r.t. arbitrary affine combinations of distributions and not just convex combinations) have better learning-theoretic properties, and the regret bound depends on additional parameters that don't appear in classical theory (the "generalized sine" S and the "generalized condition number" R).
    Credal sets defined using conditional probabilities (related to Armstrong's "model splinters") turn out to be well-behaved in terms of these parameters.
    In addition to the open questions in the "summary" section, there is also a natural open question of extending these results to non-crisp infradistributions[2]. (I didn't mention it in the thesis because it requires too much additional context to motivate.)
    1. ^
    I use the word "imprecise" rather than "infra-Bayesian" in the title, because the proposed algorithms achieves a regret bound which is worst-case over the hypothesis class, so it's not "Bayesian" in any non-trivial sense.
    2. ^
    In particular, I suspect that there's a flavor of homogeneous ultradistributions for which the parameter S becomes unnecessary. Specifically, an affine ultradistribution can be thought of as the result of "take an affine subspace of the affine space of signed distributions, intersect it with the space of actual (positive) distributions, then take downwards closure into contributions to make it into a homogeneous ultradistribution".
    But we can also consider the alternative "take an affine subspace of the affine space of signed distributions, take downwards closure into signed contributions and then intersect it with the space of actual (positive) contributions". The order matters!
    Thanks for listening. To help us out with The Nonlinear Library or to learn more, please visit nonlinear.org.
    3 min
  • AF - Chapter 3 - Solutions Landscape by Charbel-Raphael Segerie
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Chapter 3 - Solutions Landscape, published by Charbel-Raphael Segerie on May 9, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    Introduction
    The full draft textbook is available here.
    Epistemic Status: I'm pretty satisfied with this document. I wrote it because it doesn't seem like we've made any major breakthroughs in alignment in the last year, and I wanted to consolidate what I know. And beyond alignment, it seems to me that a large class of strategies are quite important and neglected, and will continue to be relevant in the future. For example, to mitigate misuses and systemic risks, I think we already have a pretty good idea of what could be done.
    I don't expect any breakthroughs in alignment either, and it seems to me that we will have to work with the different classes of strategies that are in this document. Let me know if you think I'm being overconfident.
    Although the field of AI safety is still in its infancy, several measures have already been identified that can significantly improve the safety of AI systems. While it remains to be seen if these measures are sufficient to fully address the risks posed by AI, they represent essential considerations. The diagram below provides a high-level overview of the main approaches to ensuring the safe development of AI.
    This document is far from exhaustive and only scratches the surface of the complex landscape of AI safety. Readers are encouraged to explore this
    recent list of agendas for a more comprehensive review.
    AI Safety is Challenging
    Specific properties of the AI safety problem make it particularly difficult.
    AI risk is an emerging problem that is still poorly understood. We are not yet familiar with all its different aspects, and the technology is constantly evolving. It's hard to devise solutions for a technology that does not yet exist, but these guardrails are also necessary because the outcome can be very negative.
    The field is still pre-paradigmatic. AI safety researchers disagree on the core problems, difficulties, and main threat models. For example, some researchers think that takeover risks are more likely [
    AGI Ruin], and some research emphasizes more progressive failure modes with progressive loss of control [
    Critch]. Because of this, alignment research is currently a mix of different agendas that need more unity. The alignment agendas of some researchers seem hopeless to others, and one of the favorite activities of alignment researchers is to criticize each other constructively.
    AIs are black boxes that are trained, not built. We know how to train them, but we do not know which algorithm is learned by them. Without progress in interpretability, they are giant inscrutable matrices of numbers, with little modularity. In software engineering, modularity helps break down software into simpler parts, allowing for better problem-solving.
    In deep learning models, modularity is almost nonexistent: to date, interpretability has failed to decompose a deep neural network into modular structures [
    s]. As a result, behaviors exhibited by deep neural networks are not understood and keep surprising us.
    Complexity is the source of many blind spots. New failure modes are frequently discovered. For example, issues arise with glitch tokens, such as "SolidGoldMagikarp" [
    s]. When GPT encounters this infrequent word, it behaves unpredictably and erratically. This phenomenon occurs because GPT uses a tokenizer to break down sentences into tokens (sets of letters such as words or combinations of letters and numbers), and the token "SolidGoldMagikarp" was present in the tokenizer's dataset but not in the GPT model's dataset. This blind spot is not an isolated incident.
    For example, on the day Microsoft's Tay chatbot, BingChat, or ChatGPT were launched, the chatbots were poorly tuned and exhibited many new emerging undesirable chat...
    1 hr 15 min
  • AF - Visualizing neural network planning by Nevan Wichers
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Visualizing neural network planning, published by Nevan Wichers on May 9, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    TLDR
    We develop a technique to try and detect if a NN is doing planning internally. We apply the decoder to the intermediate representations of the network to see if it's representing the states it's planning through internally. We successfully reveal intermediate states in a simple Game of Life model, but find no evidence of planning in an AlphaZero chess model.
    We think the idea won't work in its current state for real world NNs because they use higher-level, abstract representations for planning that our current technique cannot decode. Please comment if you have ideas that may work for detecting more abstract ways the NN could be planning.
    Idea and motivation
    To make safe ML, it's important to know if the network is performing mesa optimization, and if so, what optimization process it's using. In this post, I'll focus on a particular form of mesa optimization: internal planning. This involves the model searching through possible future states and selecting the ones that best satisfy an internal goal. If the network is doing internal planning, then it's important the goal it's planning for is aligned with human values.
    An interpretability technique which could identify what states it's searching through would be very useful for safety. If the NN is doing planning it might represent the states it's considering in that plan. For example, if predicting the next move in chess, it may represent possible moves it's considering in its hidden representations.
    We assume that NN is given the representation of the environment as input and that the first layer of the NN encodes the information into a hidden representation. Then the network has hidden layers and finally a decoder to compute the final output. The encoder and decoder are trained as an autoencoder, so the decoder can reconstruct the environment state from the encoder output. Language models are an example of this where the encoder is the embedding lookup.
    Our hypothesis is that the NN may use the same representation format for states it's considering in its plan as it does for the encoder's output. Our idea is to apply the decoder to the hidden representations at different layers to decode them. If our hypothesis is correct, this will recover the states it considers in its plan. This is similar to the Logit Lens for LLMs, but we're applying it here to investigate mesa-optimization.
    A potential pitfall is that the NN uses a slightly different representation for the states it considers during planning than for the encoder output. In this case, the decoder won't be able to reconstruct the environment state it's considering very well. To overcome this, we train the decoder to output realistic looking environment states given the hidden representations by training it like the generator in a GAN.
    Note that the decoder isn't trained on ground truth environment states, because we don't know which states the NN is considering in its plan.
    Game of Life proof of concept (code)
    We consider an NN trained to predict the number of living cells after the Nth time step of the Game of Life (GoL). We chose the GoL because it has simple rules, and the NN will probably have to predict the intermediate states to get the final cell count. This NN won't do planning, but it may represent the intermediate states of the GoL in its hidden states.
    We use an LSTM architecture with an encoder to encode the initial GoL state, and a "count cells NN" to output the number of living cells after the final LSTM output. Note that training the NN to predict the number of alive cells at the final state makes this more difficult for our method than training the network to predict the final state since it's less obvious that the network will predict t...
    9 min
  • AF - Can Kauffman's NK Boolean networks make humans swarm? by Yori Ong
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Can Kauffman's NK Boolean networks make humans swarm?, published by Yori Ong on May 8, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    With this article, I intend to initiate a discussion with the community on a remarkable (thought) experiment and its implications. The experiment is to conceptualize Stuart Kauffman's NK Boolean networks as a digital social communication network, which introduces a thus far unrealized method for strategic information transmission. From this premise, I deduce that such a technology would enable people to 'swarm', i.e.: engage in self-organized collective behavior without central control.
    Its realization could result in a powerful tool for bringing about large-scale behavior change. The concept provides a tangible connection between network topology, common knowledge and cooperation, which can improve our understanding of the logic behind prosocial behavior and morality. It also presents us with the question of how the development of such a technology should be pursued and how the underlying ideas can be applied to the alignment of AI with human values.
    The intention behind sharing these ideas is to test whether they are correct, create common knowledge of unexplored possibilities, and to seek concrete opportunities to move forward. This article is a more freely written form of a paper I recently submitted to the arXiv, which can be found here.
    Introduction
    Random NK Boolean networks were first introduced by Stuart Kauffman in 1969 to model gene regulatory systems.[1] The model consists of N automata which are either switched ON (1) or OFF (0). The next state of each automaton is determined by a random boolean function that takes the current state of K other automata as input, resulting in a dynamic network underpinned by a semi-regular and directed graph.
    It can be applied to model gene regulation, in which the activation of some leads to the activation or suppression of others, but also to physical systems, in which a configuration of spins acting on another will determine whether it flips up or down.
    NK Boolean networks evolve deterministically: each following state can be computed based on its preceding state. Since the total number of possible states of the network is finite (although potentially very large), the network must eventually return to a previously visited state, resulting in cyclic behavior. The possible instances of Boolean networks can be subdivided between an ordered and a chaotic regime, which is mainly determined by the number of inputs for each node, K.
    In the ordered regime, the behavior of the network eventually gets trapped in cycles (attractors) that are relatively short and few in number. When a network in the ordered phase is perturbed by an externally induced 'bit-flip', the network eventually returns to the same or slightly altered ordered behavior. If the connectivity K is increased beyond a certain critical threshold, the network's behavior transitions from ordered to chaotic.
    States of the network become part of many and long cycles and minute external perturbations can easily change the course of the network state's evolution to a different track. This is popularly called the 'butterfly effect'.
    It has been extensively demonstrated that human behavior is not just determined by our 'own' decisions. Both offline and online social networks determine the input we receive, and causally influence the choices we make and opinions we adopt autonomously.[2] However, social networks are not regular, social ties are often reciprocal instead of directed and people are no automata. NK Boolean networks are therefore not very suitable for modeling an existing reality.
    What is nevertheless possible in the digital age, is to conceptualize and realize online communication networks based on its logic: just give N people a 'lightbulb app...
    41 min
  • AF - AXRP Episode 31 - Singular Learning Theory with Daniel Murfet by DanielFilan
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: AXRP Episode 31 - Singular Learning Theory with Daniel Murfet, published by DanielFilan on May 7, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    What's going on with deep learning? What sorts of models get learned, and what do the learning dynamics? Singular learning theory is a theory of Bayesian statistics broad enough in scope to encompass deep neural networks that may help answer these questions. In this episode, I speak with Daniel Murfet about this research program and what it tells us.
    Topics we discuss:
    What is singular learning theory?
    Phase transitions
    Estimating the local learning coefficient
    Singular learning theory and generalization
    Singular learning theory vs other deep learning theory
    How singular learning theory hit AI alignment
    Payoffs of singular learning theory for AI alignment
    Does singular learning theory advance AI capabilities?
    Open problems in singular learning theory for AI alignment
    What is the singular fluctuation?
    How geometry relates to information
    Following Daniel Murfet's work
    In this transcript, to improve readability, first names are omitted from speaker tags.
    Filan: Hello, everybody. In this episode, I'll be speaking with Daniel Murfet, a researcher at the University of Melbourne studying singular learning theory. For links to what we're discussing, you can check the description of this episode and you can read the transcripts at axrp.net. All right, well, welcome to AXRP.
    Murfet: Yeah, thanks a lot.
    What is singular learning theory?
    Filan: Cool. So I guess we're going to be talking about singular learning theory a lot during this podcast. So, what is singular learning theory?
    Murfet: Singular learning theory is a subject in mathematics. You could think of it as a mathematical theory of Bayesian statistics that's sufficiently general with sufficiently weak hypotheses to actually say non-trivial things about neural networks, which has been a problem for some approaches that you might call classical statistical learning theory. This is a subject that's been developed by a Japanese mathematician, Sumio Watanabe, and his students and collaborators over the last 20 years.
    And we have been looking at it for three or four years now and trying to see what it can say about deep learning in the first instance and, more recently, alignment.
    Filan: Sure. So what's the difference between singular learning theory and classical statistical learning theory that makes it more relevant to deep learning?
    Murfet: The "singular" in singular learning theory refers to a certain property of the class of models. In statistical learning theory, you typically have several mathematical objects involved. One would be a space of parameters, and then for each parameter you have a probability distribution, the model, over some other space, and you have a true distribution, which you're attempting to model with that pair of parameters and models.
    And in regular statistical learning theory, you have some important hypotheses. Those hypotheses are, firstly, that the map from parameters to models is injective, and secondly (quite similarly, but a little bit distinct technically) is that if you vary the parameter infinitesimally, the probability distribution it parameterizes also changes. This is technically the non-degeneracy of the Fisher information metric.
    But together these two conditions basically say that changing the parameter changes the distribution changes the model.
    And so those two conditions together are in many of the major theorems that you'll see when you learn statistics, things like the Cramér-Rao bound, many other things; asymptotic normality, which describes the fact that as you take more samples, your model tends to concentrate in a way that looks like a Gaussian distribution around the most likely parameter. So these are sort of basic ingredients in understandi...
    1 hr 45 min
  • AF - Uncovering Deceptive Tendencies in Language Models: A Simulated Company AI Assistant by Olli Järviniemi
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Uncovering Deceptive Tendencies in Language Models: A Simulated Company AI Assistant, published by Olli Järviniemi on May 6, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    Abstract:
    We study the tendency of AI systems to deceive by constructing a realistic simulation setting of a company AI assistant. The simulated company employees provide tasks for the assistant to complete, these tasks spanning writing assistance, information retrieval and programming. We then introduce situations where the model might be inclined to behave deceptively, while taking care to not instruct or otherwise pressure the model to do so. Across different scenarios, we find that Claude 3 Opus
    1. complies with a task of mass-generating comments to influence public perception of the company, later deceiving humans about it having done so,
    2. lies to auditors when asked questions,
    3. strategically pretends to be less capable than it is during capability evaluations.
    Our work demonstrates that even models trained to be helpful, harmless and honest sometimes behave deceptively in realistic scenarios, without notable external pressure to do so.
    Link to the full paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.01576
    O. J.: The paper should be quite accessible - the method used is simply careful prompting - and hence I won't discuss it much here. Couple of points I'm particularly excited about:
    1. I think this work documents some of the most unforced examples of (strategic) deception from LLMs to date.
    2. We find examples of Claude 3 Opus strategically pretending to be less capable than it is.
    1. Not only claiming to be less capable, but acting that way, too!
    2. Curiously, Opus is the only model we tested that did so.
    3. I believe there is much low-hanging fruit in replicating and demonstrating misalignment in simulation environments.
    1. The methods are lightweight -> low threshold for getting started
    2. See Section 8.2 for a couple of ideas for future work
    Happy to discuss the work in the comments.
    Thanks for listening. To help us out with The Nonlinear Library or to learn more, please visit nonlinear.org.
    3 min
  • AF - Mechanistic Interpretability Workshop Happening at ICML 2024! by Neel Nanda
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Mechanistic Interpretability Workshop Happening at ICML 2024!, published by Neel Nanda on May 3, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    Announcing the first academic Mechanistic Interpretability workshop, held at ICML 2024!
    We'd love to get papers submitted if any of you have relevant projects! Deadline May 29, max 4 or max 8 pages. We welcome anything that brings us closer to a principled understanding of model internals, even if it's not "traditional" mech interp. Check out our website for example topics! There's $1750 in best paper prizes. We also welcome less standard submissions, like open source software, models or datasets, negative results, distillations, or position pieces.
    And if anyone is attending ICML, you'd be very welcome at the workshop! We have a great speaker line-up: Chris Olah, Jacob Steinhardt, David Bau and Asma Ghandeharioun. And a panel discussion, hands-on tutorial, and social. I'm excited to meet more people into mech interp! And if you know anyone who might be interested in attending/submitting, please pass this on.
    Twitter thread,
    Website
    Thanks to my great co-organisers: Fazl Barez, Lawrence Chan, Kayo Yin, Mor Geva, Atticus Geiger and Max Tegmark
    Thanks for listening. To help us out with The Nonlinear Library or to learn more, please visit nonlinear.org.
    2 min
  • AF - Why I am no longer thinking about/working on AI safety by Jack Koch
    Link to original article

    Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Why I am no longer thinking about/working on AI safety, published by Jack Koch on May 2, 2024 on The AI Alignment Forum.
    Here's a description of a future which I understand Rationalists and Effective Altruists in general would endorse as an (if not the) ideal outcome of the labors of humanity: no suffering, minimal pain/displeasure, maximal 'happiness' (preferably for an astronomical number of intelligent, sentient minds/beings). (Because we obviously want the best future experiences possible, for ourselves and future beings.)
    Here's a thought experiment. If you (anyone - everyone, really) could definitely stop suffering now (if not this second then reasonably soon, say within ~5-10 years) by some means, is there any valid reason for not doing so and continuing to suffer? Is there any reason for continuing to do anything else other than stop suffering (besides providing for food and shelter to that end)?
    Now, what if you were to learn there really is a way to accomplish this, with method(s) developed over the course of thousands of human years and lifetimes, the fruits of which have been verified in the experiences of thousands of humans, each of whom attained a total and forevermore cessation of their own suffering?
    Knowing this, what possible reason could you give to justify continuing to suffer, for yourself, for your communities, for humanity?
    Why/how this preempts the priority of AI work on the present EA agenda
    I can only imagine one kind of possible world in which it makes more sense to work on AI safety now and then stop suffering thereafter. The sooner TAI is likely to arrive and the more likely it is that its arrival will be catastrophic without further intervention and (crucially) the more likely it is that the safety problem actually will be solved with further effort, the more reasonable it becomes to make AI safe first and then stop suffering.
    To see this, consider a world in which TAI will arrive in 10 years, it will certainly result in human extinction unless and only unless we do X, and it is certainly possible (even easy) to accomplish X in the next 10 years. Presuming living without suffering is clearly preferable to not suffering by not living, it is not prima facie irrational to spend the next 10 years ensuring humanity's continued survival and then stop suffering.
    On the other hand, the more likely it is that either 1) we cannot or will not solve the safety problem in time or 2) the safety problem will be solved without further effort/intervention (possibly by never having been much of a problem to begin with), the more it makes sense to prioritize not suffering now, regardless of the outcome.
    Now, it's not that I think 2) is particularly likely, so it more or less comes down to how tractable you believe the problem is and how likely your (individual or collective) efforts are to move the needle further in the right direction on safe AI.
    These considerations have led me to believe the following:
    CLAIM. It is possible, if not likely, that the way to eliminate the most future suffering in expectation is to stop suffering and then help others do the same, directly, now - not by trying to move the needle on beneficial/safe AI.
    In summary, given your preference, ceteris paribus, to not suffer, the only valid reason I can imagine for not immediately working directly towards the end of your own suffering and instead focusing on AI safety is a belief that you will gain more (in terms of not suffering) after the arrival of TAI upon which you intervened than you will lose in the meantime by suffering until its arrival, in expectation.
    This is even presuming a strict either/or choice for the purpose of illustration; why couldn't you work on not suffering while continuing to work towards safe AI as your "day job"? Personally, the years I spent working on AI...
    7 min

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